Search results for "Fruit tree"

Molecular analysis ofPhytophthoradiversity in nursery-grown ornamental and fruit plants

2015

The genetic diversity of Phytophthora spp. was investigated in potted ornamental and fruit tree species. A metabarcoding approach was used, based on a semi-nested PCR with Phytophthora genus-specific primers targeting the ITS1 region of the rDNA. More than 50 ITS1 sequence types representing at least 15 distinct Phytophthora taxa were detected. Nine had ITS sequences that grouped them in defined taxonomic groups (P. nicotianae, P. citrophthora, P. meadii, P. taxon Pgchlamydo, P. cinnamomi, P. parvispora, P. cambivora, P. niederhauserii and P. lateralis) whereas three phylotypes were associated to two or more taxa (P. citricola taxon E or III; P. pseudosyringae, P. ilicis or P. nemorosa; and…

Two new apricot varieties

2010

Nella and Dora are apricot seedlings recently selected by R. Chiappetta in Sicily. Their vegetative, floreal, agronomic and fruit-quality characteristics were checked for three years (2003 - 2005) in Partinico (Palermo coast area), under mild winter and spring temperatures, in comparison with Tyrinthos variety. Nella and Dora have an upright tree habit and are self-compatible. Blooming started a week earlier in Nella and Tyrinthos (end of February) and concluded in the second part of March in all varieties. Fruit set was satisfactory in all cultivars. Crop was harvested from May 25th to 30th in Dora, May 24th to 30th in Nella and May 24th to 28th in Tyrinthos. Fruit weight, as a three years…

Proceeding of the International Symposium on the Challenge for a Sustainable Production, Protection and Consumption of Mediterranean Fruit and Nuts -…

2012

STUDY ON GAMETIC EMBRYOGENESIS VIA IN VITRO ANTHER AND ISOLATED MICROSPORE CULTURE IN FRUIT CROPS

2014

Fruit breeding is mainly based on both conventional (hybridization, mutation and selection) or biotechnological methods (somatic hybridization, genetic transformation and haploid production). The genetic improvement through the conventional methods is limited by many factors such as fruit trees long juvenile period, high heterozygosity, large size and sexual incompatibility. Haploids and doubled haploids, obtained through gametic embryogenesis have a potential use in fruit crops genetic improvement. The change of the microspores fate from the normal gametopytic pathway towards the sporophytic induction is affected by numerous factors. Genotype, medium composition and stress were considered …

INVESTIGATION ON THE GENETIC BASIS OF ENVIRONMENTAL STRESS IN FRUIT TREE CROPS

2021

Plant stress can be divided into two major categories: abiotic stress and biotic stress. Abiotic stress happens when plants are exposed to the environment either physically or chemically. There is an emergency in developing crop varieties that are tolerant to abiotic stresses to ensure food security and safety in the coming years. Multiple abiotic stress like drought, heat, frost at flowering and nutrient deficiency can cause an erratic fruiting behavior or following extreme events, the death of the plants. Plants require an optimal level of nutrients and essential minerals for their growth and development that are mainly acquired from soil by their roots. Nutrient deficiency is an environm…

Rearing of Prays citri on callus derived from lemon stigma and style culture

2000

A new method for rearing the citrus flower moth (Prays citri Mill.) (Lepidoptera, Yponomeutidae) on lemon [Citrus limon (L.) Burm.] callus is reported. In the present research callus (an undifferentiated mass of plant cells that can be grown under sterile conditions on an artificial medium in vitro) was induced from lemon stigma and style explants cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 500 mg l -1 malt extract, 13.3 μM 6-benzylaminopurine, and 146 mM sucrose. Also somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration were obtained from the cultures of styles and stigmas of lemon. Adults were obtained from larvae on infested flowers collected in the field. Different oviposition…

Effects of partial rootzone drying and rootstock vigour on growth and fruit quality of 'Pink Lady' apple trees in Mediterranean environments

2008

We investigated the effects of partial rootzone drying (PRD) and rootstock vigour on water relations, and vegetative and productive performance of ‘Pink Lady’ apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) trees in central Sicily. In a first field trial, trees on MM.106 rootstock were subjected to: Conventional irrigation (CI), maintaining soil moisture above 80% of field capacity; PRD irrigation, where only one alternated side of the rootzone received 50% of the CI irrigation water; and continuous deficit irrigation (DI), where 50% of the CI water was equally applied to both sides of the rootzone. In a second trial, trees on M.9 or MM.106 were subjected to CI and PRD irrigation. PRD reduced stomatal condu…

Fruit Quality Traits of Two Apricot Cultivars

2010

In this trial we evaluated physical and chemical fruit quality traits and sensory profile of two late-ripening apricot cultivars ‘Vitillo’ and ‘Pellecchiella’. Fruits were harvested at full maturation in three different pickings, at 4 day intervals, to ensure the same fruit quality. To verify quality among different pickings, weight, diameter, soluble solid content, titratable acidity, pH, colour were recorded. To describe and quantify the sensory characteristics of apricot fruits a panel of 10 judges generated 16 descriptors. For each of these attributes judges assigned a score from 1 to 9. Qualitative and sensory data for each attribute were submitted to one way Analysis of Variance (ANOV…

Association of Marginal Leaf Scorch with Sodium Accumulation in Salt-stressed Peach

2000

The effect of specific ion toxicity during salt stress was tested in the present study. The experiment was repeated twice, in 1996 and 1998, with `Nemaguard' peach seedlings and rooted cuttings grown in hydroponics under two NaCl concentrations (50 and 30 mm). Foliage was separated in symptomatic and symptomless leaves and the amount of sodium (Na+) and chloride (C1–) was determined. Significantly higher Na+ content was found in symptomatic than in symptomless leaves in both experiments, whereas in only two of the six cases was Cl– content higher in symptomatic than in symptomless leaves. The Na+ threshold for leaf scorch was somewhere between 4 and 6 mg·g–1 dry weight. Results indicated th…

New low-vigour apricot rootstocks compared

2010

About ten years ago nurseries began to test several novel apricot stocks developed either to reduce plant vigour and boost early as well as high cropping or as a more suitable replacement for Myrabolan (Prunus cerasifera) and Apricot seedling in water-logged or chlorotic soils. These stocks were the Italian bred selections of Prunus domestica Penta and Tetra, the P. cerasifera Adara and the Prunus insititia Adesoto® 101, both Spanish-bred seedlings, and Plumina@, a Prunus bessey × P. cerasifera hybrid developed in France. Performance testing was carried out under a national project. The trials were set up in 2001 in plots of pilot orchards at Imola in Bologna Province, Ancona, Caserta, Pale…