Search results for "Fuel Technology"

Sb2S3 solar cells with a cost-effective and dopant- free fluorene-based enamine as a hole transport material

2022

The “Development of Semi-Transparent Bifacial Thin Film Solar Cells for Innovative Applications” benefits from a 999372 € grant from Iceland, Liechtenstein and Norway through the EEA Grants. The aim of the project is to develop a new approach based on novel materials and structures and production technologies, which are the key to further increase the share, and range of applications of PV in areas with sub-average sunlight, including Baltic and Nordic countries. Therefore, development of resource saving, cost-effective and efficient PV devices is a primary challenge of this project. Project contract with the Research Council of Lithuania (LMTLT) No is S-BMT-21-1(LT08-2-LMT-K-01-003). The D…

Methanol fuel processor and PEM fuel cell modeling for mobile application

2010

International audience; The use of hydrocarbon fed fuel cell systems including a fuel processor can be an entry market for this emerging technology avoiding the problem of hydrogen infrastructure. This article presents a 1 kW low temperature PEM fuel cell system with fuel processor, the system is fueled by a mixture of methanol and water that is converted into hydrogen rich gas using a steam reformer. A complete system model including a fluidic fuel processor model containing evaporation, steam reformer, hydrogen filter, combustion, as well as a multi-domain fuel cell model is introduced. Experiments are performed with an IDATECH FCS1200™ fuel cell system. The results of modeling and experi…

Технологія теплоты

1912

Metals in aqueous solutions and real effluents: biosorption behavior of a hemp-based felt

2018

In this study, a hemp-based material in the form of a felt is used to adsorb metals in individual aqueous solutions and in polycontaminated effluents using the batch method. The factors affecting the biosorption process were initial metal concentration, biosorbent dosage, contact time and pH. In controlled conditions, results showed that: (i) the felt exhibited high adsorption capacities towards metals in the following order: Pb g (ii) no significant differences were observed for the three salts used (sulfate, chloride and nitrate); (iii) the process was rapid: 10 min were sufficient to attain equilibrium ; iv) the biosorption efficiency increased considerably with the increase of the bioso…

Modelling wet-air oxidation of phenol in a trickle-bed reactor using active carbon as a catalyst

2014

BACKGROUND Catalytic wet air oxidation (CWAO) of phenol in a trickle-bed reactor has been investigated (operating parameters: P=1.85 MPa, T=393, 413, 433 K, L=0.17–1.77 kg m−2 s−1 and G=0.2–0.62 kg m−2 s−1). Activated carbon was used as a catalyst. The experimental results have been simulated by Eulerian multifluid model (CFD) and for comparison by the plug flow model. RESULTS The experiments proved that active carbon can be applied as a catalyst in the phenol oxidation processes revealing a catalytic activity comparable with that of commonly used metal oxides. The highest conversion of phenol obtained in long-lasting experimental runs carried out at stable catalytic activity (PO2 = 0.31 MP…

FeOOH and Mn8O10Cl3modified zeolites for As(V) removal in aqueous medium

2017

BACKGROUND Arsenic in drinking water poses serious potential health risks in more than 30 countries with total affected population of around 100 million people. The present study is devoted to the development of innovative sorbents based on zeolite materials for As(V) sorption by modifying raw materials with iron oxyhydroxide and manganese oxychloride. Natural clinoptilolite and synthetic zeolite A were modified in order to obtain improved sorption of As(V). Sorption properties of newly developed sorbents were studied. Zeolites containing natural clinoptilolite are chosen due to relatively low cost and their broad use in industrial production as well as characteristic large surface area. RE…

Separation and identification of petroporphyrins extracted from the oil shales of Tarfaya: geochemical study

2002

Abstract Vanadyl and nickel porphyrins were isolated from the oil shales of Tarfaya (Morocco) by extraction followed by column chromatography. The ratios and characteristics of these porphyrin complexes were essentially obtained on the basis of UV–visible and mass spectrometry data. Geochemical information could be drawn from these data. The nature and the contents of the metals coordinated and non-coordinated to porphyrin systems were also determined in this study.

Catalytic effect of Ca and K on CO2 gasification of spruce wood char

2015

Abstract Gasification is one route to produce chemicals and liquid fuels from biomass. The gasification of the char is catalyzed by alkali and alkaline earth metals in the biomass. In this work the catalytic effect of calcium (Ca) and potassium (K) on CO2 gasification of spruce wood was studied using a thermo gravimetric analyzer (TGA). The ash-forming elements were first removed from the wood using an acid leaching method. Then, various concentrations of K and Ca were absorbed to the wood by ion-exchange to carboxylic and phenolic groups, impregnation of K2CO3 or physically mixing of CaC2O4. The prepared spruce samples were placed in a mesh holder and gasified in the TGA at 850 °C in 100% …

Citizen energy lost in sustainability transitions: Knowledge co-production in a complex governance context

2023

Funding Information: In the European Union, the Clean Energy Package with revised directives has created a framework for the member states to provide stronger legislative support for citizen engagement in community-level energy actions [10,11]. These regulatory reforms are geared towards transforming the operational conditions for active, efficient and inclusive citizen-led energy communities to emerge in diverse contexts [12–14]. More specifically, the market access rules and the information supporting the distributed energy producers have been improved [10]. The legitimacy of the EU policies on renewable energy, energy efficiency and market reforms is considered to be improved by enabling…

Biomethane production from maize and liquid cow manure – Effect of share of maize, post-methanation potential and digestate characteristics

2013

Abstract This study investigates the co-digestion of liquid cow manure and maize with different share of maize in continuously stirred tank reactors (CSTRs). The objective was to determine the methane yield of reactor and the post-methanation potential of the digestate from different reactor trials. The highest specific methane yield (259 Nl CH 4 /kg volatile solids (VSs)) was obtained when the share of maize in the feedstock was 40% (VS) and the second highest specific methane yield was when the proportion of maize was 60% (VS) (234 Nl CH 4 /kg VS). The post-methanation potential of the digestate was determined in batch assays. The minimum value (maize 40%, 75 ± 1 Nl CH 4 /kg VS feed ) occ…