Search results for "Function"

showing 10 items of 14432 documents

On the reducibility of function classes

1972

Copy of a paper published 1972 in Russian.

m-reducibilityrecursive functionsreducibilitytabular reducibilityTuring reducibility
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Global monitoring of soil animal communities using a common methodology.

2022

Here we introduce the Soil BON Foodweb Team, a cross-continental collaborative network that aims to monitor soil animal communities and food webs using consistent methodology at a global scale. Soil animals support vital soil processes via soil structure modification, consumption of dead organic matter, and interactions with microbial and plant communities. Soil animal effects on ecosystem functions have been demonstrated by correlative analyses as well as in laboratory and field experiments, but these studies typically focus on selected animal groups or species at one or few sites with limited variation in environmental conditions. The lack of comprehensive harmonised large-scale soil anim…

maaperäFauna do soloympäristötekijäteliöyhteisötSoil biodiversityeliömaantiedeSoil faunaekosysteemit (ekologia)tieteellinen yhteistyömaaperäeläimistöBiogeographyBiogeografiamonimuotoisuusMacroecologiaEcosystem functioningseurantaBiodiversidade do soloMacroecologyravintoverkot
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Computational complexity of prediction strategies

1977

The value f(m+1) is predicted from given f(1), ..., f(m). For every enumeration T(n, x) there is a strategy that predicts the n-th function of T making no more than log2(n) errors (Barzdins-Freivalds). It is proved in the paper that such "optimal" strategies require 2^2^cm time to compute the m-th prediction (^ stands for expoentiation).

machine learning:MATHEMATICS [Research Subject Categories]function predictioninductive inference
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Ligand mediated evolution of size dependent magnetism in cobalt nanoclusters.

2018

We use density functional theory to model the impact of a ligand shell on the magnetic properties of CoN (15 ≤ N ≤ 55) nanoclusters. We study three different ligand shells on each nanocluster core size, each known to have different electronic interactions with the surface: pure Cl ligand shells (X-type), pure PH3 ligand shells (L-type), and two component ligand shells with mixtures of Cl and PH3 ligands. The simulations show that the identity, arrangement, and total coverage of the ligand shell controls the distribution of local magnetic moments across the CoN core. On the surface of an unpassivated CoN nanocluster, the Co-Co coordination number (CN) is known to determine the local magnetic…

magneettiset ominaisuudetMaterials scienceMagnetismCoordination numberShell (structure)General Physics and Astronomychemistry.chemical_element02 engineering and technology010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesNanoclustersnanorakenteetnanostructureskobolttiPhysical and Theoretical Chemistryta116ta114Magnetic momentLigand021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologycobalt0104 chemical sciencesCrystallographychemistryDensity functional theorymagnetic properties0210 nano-technologyCobaltPhysical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP
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Experimental and Computational Study of Unique Tetranuclear µ3-Chloride and µ-Phenoxo/Chloro-Bridged Defective Dicubane Cobalt(II) Clusters

2016

Two tetranuclear CoII clusters [Co4(L)2(µ3-Cl)2Cl2] have been prepared by using multidentate diaminobisphenolate ligands. The solid-state structures of the complexes were determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The cores of the cluster compounds can be defined as a two-vertex-deficient dicubane geometry (pseudo-dicubane). In the central unit, the cobalt(II) cations are linked through phenoxide oxygen (outer bridges) and chloride anions (inner bridges), previously unprecedented in this type of cobalt cluster. The magnetic properties were studied by both experimental and computational methods. By using a combination of techniques, we were able to determine the nature and strength of t…

magneettiset ominaisuudetdensity functional calculationscluster compoundskoboltti
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Influence of axial mirror ratios on the kinetic instability threshold in electron cyclotron resonance ion source plasma

2022

International audience; Electron Cyclotron Resonance (ECR) ion source plasmas are prone to kinetic instabilities. The onset of the instabilities manifests as emission of microwaves, bursts of electrons expelled from the plasma volume, and the collapse of the extracted highly charged ion (HCI) currents. Consequently, the instabilities limit the HCI performance of ECR ion sources by limiting the parameter space available for ion source optimization. Previous studies have shown that the transition from stable to unstable plasma regime is strongly influenced by the magnetic field structure, especially the minimum field value inside the magnetic trap (Bmin). This work focuses to study the role o…

magnetic mirrorsplasma confinementsyklotronit[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-ACC-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Accelerator Physics [physics.acc-ph]plasma heatingplasma instabilitieshiukkaskiihdyttimetelectron energy distribution functionsplasmafysiikkaCondensed Matter Physicsion sourcesPhysics::Plasma Physicscyclotron resonanceions and propertiesplasma (kaasut)
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Spoken-Word Segmentation and Dyslexia

2002

We used magnetoencephalography to elucidate the cortical activation associated with the segmentation of spoken words in nonreading-impaired and dyslexic adults. The subjects listened to binaurally presented sentences where the sentence-ending words were either semantically appropriate or inappropriate to the preceding sentence context. Half of the inappropriate final words shared two or three initial phonemes with the highly expected semantically appropriate words. Two temporally and functionally distinct response patterns were detected in the superior temporal lobe. The first response peaked at approximately 100 msec in the supratemporal plane and showed no sensitivity to the semantic appr…

magnetoencephalographyAdultMalelexical accesstemporal cortexWord processingContext (language use)Medical sciencesAuditory cortexFunctional LateralityLateralization of brain functionN400mTemporal lobeDyslexiaTemporal cortexReference Valuesreading impairmentReaction TimemedicineMagnetoencephalography (MEG)HumansLongitudinal StudiesARTICLEEvoked Potentialsspeech processingAuditory CortexCerebral CortexTemporal cortexLanguage TestsVerbal BehaviorGeneral NeuroscienceDyslexiaReading impairmentMagnetoencephalographyLinguisticsSignal Processing Computer-AssistedMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseTemporal LobeAcoustic StimulationSpeech processingSpeech Discrimination TestsLexical accessFemalePsychologySentenceCognitive psychology
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Audiovisual processing of Chinese characters elicits suppression and congruency effects in MEG

2019

Learning to associate written letters/characters with speech sounds is crucial for reading acquisition. Most previous studies have focused on audiovisual integration in alphabetic languages. Less is known about logographic languages such as Chinese characters, which map onto mostly syllable-based morphemes in the spoken language. Here we investigated how long-term exposure to native language affects the underlying neural mechanisms of audiovisual integration in a logographic language using magnetoencephalography (MEG). MEG sensor and source data from 12 adult native Chinese speakers and a control group of 13 adult Finnish speakers were analyzed for audiovisual suppression (bimodal responses…

magnetoencephalographyAudiologylukeminenlanguage learningBehavioral Neuroscienceäänteet0302 clinical medicineSemantic memoryauditory cortexaivotutkimuskielen oppiminenMultisensory Integrationta515kirjoitusmerkitOriginal ResearchTemporal cortexMEGmedicine.diagnostic_test05 social sciencesLanguage acquisitionkuulonäköChinese charactersPsychiatry and Mental healthNeuropsychology and Physiological PsychologyNeurologymorfeemitsanakirjoitusSyllablePsychologyvastaavuusmedicine.medical_specialtykiinan kieliAuditory cortexta3112050105 experimental psychology150 000 MR Techniques in Brain Functionlcsh:RC321-57103 medical and health sciencesAudiovisual Equipmentreadingmedicineaudiovisual integration0501 psychology and cognitive scienceslcsh:Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. NeuropsychiatryBiological PsychiatryMagnetoencephalographyCross-ModalChinese characters030217 neurology & neurosurgerySpoken languageNeuroscienceFrontiers in Human Neuroscience
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Identification of proprioceptive thalamocortical tracts in children: comparison of fMRI, MEG, and manual seeding of probabilistic tractography

2022

Publisher Copyright: © The Author(s) 2022. Published by Oxford University Press. Studying white matter connections with tractography is a promising approach to understand the development of different brain processes, such as proprioception. An emerging method is to use functional brain imaging to select the cortical seed points for tractography, which is considered to improve the functional relevance and validity of the studied connections. However, it is unknown whether different functional seeding methods affect the spatial and microstructural properties of the given white matter connection. Here, we compared functional magnetic resonance imaging, magnetoencephalography, and manual seedin…

magnetoencephalographySOMATOSENSORY CORTEXCognitive NeuroscienceSEGMENTATIONneurofysiologiaPASSIVE FINGER3124 Neurology and psychiatryCORTICOSPINAL TRACTCellular and Molecular Neurosciencetoiminnallinen magneettikuvausprimary sensorimotor cortexCONNECTIVITYHumansmagnetic resonance imagingChildDIFFUSION TENSOR TRACTOGRAPHYMOTOR CORTEXBrain MappingMEGtranskraniaalinen magneettistimulaatiomagneettikuvausmultimodal3112 NeurosciencesdiagnostiikkaProprioceptionFUNCTIONAL MRIREGIONSWhite MatterCORTICAL ACTIVATIONkuvantaminenaivokuoripassive movementaivotCerebral Cortex
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Physical activity and aerobic fitness show different associations with brain processes underlying anticipatory selective visuospatial attention in ad…

2021

ABSTRACTUnderlying brain processes of exercise-related benefits on executive functions and the specific contribution of physical activity vs. aerobic fitness are poorly understood, especially during adolescence. We explored whether and how physical activity and aerobic fitness are associated with selective attention and the oscillatory dynamics induced by an anticipatory spatial cue. Further, we studied whether the link between physical exercise level and cognitive control in adolescents is mediated by the task-related oscillatory activity. Magnetoencephalographic alpha oscillations during a modified Posner’s cueing paradigm were measured in 59 adolescents (37 females and 22 males, 12 to 17…

magnetoencephalographykognitiiviset taidot0301 basic medicinePhysical activity.statusvaikutuksetselective attentionPhysical activityphysical activityAlpha (ethology)Physical exerciseliikuntaDevelopmental psychology03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicinenuoretmedicineAerobic exerciseaivotutkimusanticipatory alpha oscillationsAssociation (psychology)Molecular Biologyaerobic fitnessAnticipatory alpha oscillationsmedicine.diagnostic_testPhysical activityGeneral NeuroscienceMagnetoencephalographyCognitionMagnetoencephalographyaerobinen harjoitteluExecutive functionsAdolescencefyysinen kunto030104 developmental biologyAerobic fitnessadolescenceSelective attentionNeurology (clinical)aivotPsychologyfyysinen aktiivisuus030217 neurology & neurosurgeryDevelopmental BiologyBrain Research
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