Search results for "Function"

Ego Impairment Index (EII-2) as a predictor of outcome in short- and long-term psychotherapy during a 5-year follow-up

2022

Objective This study examined the predictive ability of the Rorschach-based Ego Impairment Index (EII-2) on outcome of psychotherapy in different types and durations of therapy. Method A total of 326 outpatients suffering from depressive or anxiety disorders were randomized into receiving solution-focused (n = 97), short-term psychodynamic (n = 101), or long-term psychodynamic psychotherapy (n = 128). Psychotherapy outcome assessments during the 5-year follow-up period covered psychiatric symptoms, social functioning, and work ability. Results Lower EII-2 values, which indicate less problematic ego functioning, were found to predict faster improvement in both short-term therapies as compare…

Altered EEG Oscillatory Brain Networks During Music-Listening in Major Depression

2021

To examine the electrophysiological underpinnings of the functional networks involved in music listening, previous approaches based on spatial independent component analysis (ICA) have recently been used to ongoing electroencephalography (EEG) and magnetoencephalography (MEG). However, those studies focused on healthy subjects, and failed to examine the group-level comparisons during music listening. Here, we combined group-level spatial Fourier ICA with acoustic feature extraction, to enable group comparisons in frequency-specific brain networks of musical feature processing. It was then applied to healthy subjects and subjects with major depressive disorder (MDD). The music-induced oscil…

Using matrix-assisted laser deposition/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry for the characterization of fucntionalized carbon nanotubes

2013

On Limits at Infinity of Weighted Sobolev Functions

2022

We study necessary and sufficient conditions for a Muckenhoupt weight $w \in L^1_{\mathrm{loc}}(\mathbb R^d)$ that yield almost sure existence of radial, and vertical, limits at infinity for Sobolev functions $u \in W^{1,p}_{\mathrm{loc}}(\mathbb R^d,w)$ with a $p$-integrable gradient $|\nabla u|\in L^p(\mathbb R^d,w)$. The question is shown to subtly depend on the sense in which the limit is taken. First, we fully characterize the existence of radial limits. Second, we give essentially sharp sufficient conditions for the existence of vertical limits. In the specific setting of product and radial weights, we give if and only if statements. These generalize and give new proofs for results of…

A coupled discontinuous Galerkin-Finite Volume framework for solving gas dynamics over embedded geometries

2021

Author(s): Gulizzi, Vincenzo; Almgren, Ann S; Bell, John B | Abstract: We present a computational framework for solving the equations of inviscid gas dynamics using structured grids with embedded geometries. The novelty of the proposed approach is the use of high-order discontinuous Galerkin (dG) schemes and a shock-capturing Finite Volume (FV) scheme coupled via an $hp$ adaptive mesh refinement ($hp$-AMR) strategy that offers high-order accurate resolution of the embedded geometries. The $hp$-AMR strategy is based on a multi-level block-structured domain partition in which each level is represented by block-structured Cartesian grids and the embedded geometry is represented implicitly by a…

Opinion dynamics, stubbornness and mean-field games

2014

This paper studies opinion dynamics and stubbornness using mean-field game theory. Assuming an initial exponential density function and affine control policies we analyze under what conditions the Fokker-Planck equation returns an exponential density function over the horizon. Consensus and clusters formation are also studied.

Students’ multiple state goals as a function of appraisals, trait goals, and their interactions

2017

Abstract Although many motivational theories have emphasized that person- and situation-based aspects should be recognized simultaneously when explaining actual learning behavior, not much is known about the occurrence of state goals. The model of adaptive learning (Boekaerts & Niemivierta, 2000) proposes that state goals are influenced by trait goals, perceptions of the situation (i.e., appraisals), and interactions between trait goals and appraisals. Nevertheless, empirical evidence for this model is scarce. The present study aimed to overcome this research deficit by integrating trait goals and appraisals as well as their interactions in explaining state goals in authentic learning episo…

Does orthographic processing emerge rapidly after learning a new script?

2021

Epub 2020 Aug 11 Orthographic processing is characterized by location-invariant and location-specific processing (Grainger, 2018): (1) strings of letters are more vulnerable to transposition effects than the strings of symbols in same-different tasks (location-invariant processing); and (2) strings of letters, but not strings of symbols, show an initial position advantage in target-in-string identification tasks (location-specific processing). To examine the emergence of these two markers of orthographic processing, we conducted a same-different task and a target-in-string identification task with two unfamiliar scripts (pre-training experiments). Across six training sessions, participants …

High testosterone levels and sensitivity to acute stress in perpetrators of domestic violence with low cognitive flexibility and impairments in their…

2013

Hormonal and neuropsychological impairment in intimate partner violence (IPV) perpetrators could play a role in domestic violence. For characterizing whether there is a specific psychobiological response to stress, participants who had previously been jailed for IPV and controls were compared for testosterone and cortisol levels, tested for 2D:4D ratio (as an indicator of masculinization), and given several trait questionnaires and neuropsychological tests related to executive functions and theory of mind. After performing the Trier Social Stress Test (TSST), IPV perpetrators experienced decreases in salivary testosterone (T) levels, a moderate worsening of mood, slight anxiety, and a saliv…

A Critical Review of Alien Limb-Related Phenomena and Implications for Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Studies

2021

Consensus criteria on corticobasal degeneration (CBD) include alien limb (AL) phenomena. However, the gist of the behavioral features of AL is still “a matter of debate.” CBD-related AL has so far included the description of involuntary movements, frontal release phenomena (frontal AL), or asomatognosia (posterior or “real” AL). In this context, the most frequent symptoms are language and praxis deficits and cortical sensory misperception. However, asomatognosia requires, by definition, intact perception and cognition. Thus, to make a proper diagnosis of AL in the context of CBD, cognitive and language dysfunctions must be carefully verified and objectively assessed. We reviewed the current…