Search results for "Function"
showing 10 items of 14432 documents
Pentaerithrityl tetranitrate improves angiotensin II induced vascular dysfunction via induction of heme oxygenase-1
2010
The organic nitrate pentaerythritol tetranitrate is devoid of nitrate tolerance, which has been attributed to the induction of the antioxidant enzyme heme oxygenase (HO)-1. With the present study, we tested whether chronic treatment with pentaerythritol tetranitrate can improve angiotensin II–induced vascular oxidative stress and dysfunction. In contrast to isosorbide-5 mononitrate (75 mg/kg per day for 7 days), treatment with pentaerythritol tetranitrate (15 mg/kg per day for 7 days) improved the impaired endothelial and smooth muscle function and normalized vascular and cardiac reactive oxygen species production (mitochondria, NADPH oxidase activity, and uncoupled endothelial NO synthase)…
Evaluation of the Possible Contribution of Antioxidants Administration in Metabolic Syndrome
2011
The metabolic syndrome (MetS) is common, and its associated risk burdens of diabetes and cardiovascular disease (CVD) are a major public health problem. The hypothesis that main constituent parameters of the MetS share common pathophysiologic mechanisms provides a conceptual framework for the future research. Exercise and weight loss can prevent insulin resistance and reduce the risk of diseases associated with the MetS. Interrupting intracellular and extracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) overproduction could also contribute to normalizing the activation of metabolic pathways leading to the onset of diabetes, endothelial dysfunction, and cardiovascular (CV) complications. On the other…
Biochemical adaptations in middle-distance runners: an assessment of blood and anthropometric parameters
2014
In order to understand the mechanism underlying the physiological adaptation of purely aerobic workout, we investigated the effect of 2 months of training on nine males (17-22 year-old) middle distance running agonistic athletes. Blood sample was collected in the morning to analyze: hematological parameters, lipid profile, liver function enzymes [glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase, glutamate pyruvate transaminase, gamma-glutamyl transferase (γ-GT)] and skeletal and myocardial markers of muscle damage [creatin kinase (CK) and creatin kinase MB (CK-MB)]. Endurance training, as it implies high oxygen consumption, should increase reactive oxygen species, but it has been shown that exercise lea…
LSC Abstract – Lung-derived prostacyclin (PGI) in endothelial dysfunction in db/db mice
2016
Aim: Increased risk of pulmonary hypertension and not clear response of pulmonary endothelium to diabetes were reasons to compare nitric oxide (NO) and PGI-dependent function in pulmonary and systemic circulation in diabetes type II. Methods: In fasted db mice (male, 20 weeks) we compared the function of pulmonary (isolated perfused lung-IPL) and aortic endothelium (wire myograph). It was supported by determination of nitrite(NO 2 - )/nitrate(NO 3 - ), PGI production, immunostaining (IMS) and western blot. Results: In diabetic IPL NO-dependent modulation of hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction was impaired but filtration coefficient increased; response to U46619 was enhanced; cumulative gener…
AB0563 AORTIC ROOT DILATION IN ASSOCIATED WITH THE REDUCTION OF CAPILLARY DENSITY OBSERVED AT NAILFOLD CAPILLAROSCOPY IN SSC PATIENTS
2020
Background:Systemic sclerosis (SSc) in a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by endothelial dysfunction and diffuse microangiopathy, leading to tissue ischemia and inducing fibrosis of skin and visceral organs. Furthermore, it was demonstrated the impairment of wall elasticity of large-medium vessels, such as aorta and its branches (1). SSc-related microangiopathy of vasa vasorum of the aortic wall could also be supposed. However no data on this hypothesis are available in literature.SSc microangiopathy may be easily studied at the nailfold by means of videocapillaroscopy. Indeed, capillaroscopic findings are representative of the microvascular damage caused by SSc troughout the body.O…
Arteriopatía de las extremidades inferiores y estenosis de las arterias renales
2013
Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) refers to the atherosclerotic involvement of non-coronary and extracranial arteries, including visceral arteries, the aorta and its branches and the arteries of the limbs. PAD usually refers exclusively to atherosclerosis of the limbs (in particular the lower limbs). Age, male sex, smoking and diabetes, as well as hypertension and dyslipidemia, are the most relevant risk factors for the development of PAD. PAD is frequently associated with coronary heart disease and stroke. PAD patients have increased risk of developing cardiovascular complications (coronary disease, stroke) and total and cardiovascular mortality, even after adjustment by conventional risk …
Striato-amygdaloid transition area lesions reduce the duration of tonic immobility in the lizard Podarcis hispanica.
2002
Neuroanatomical data suggest that the lizard striato-amygdaloid transition area is homologous with the mammalian central amygdala. In order to investigate possible functional similarities, tonic immobility was induced in adult lizards and its duration recorded. Each lizard was then randomly assigned to one of three treatments: (1) bilateral striato-amygdaloid transition area lesions, (2) bilateral dorsal cortex lesions or (3) untreated controls. Three days after trial 1, each lizard was subjected to a second trial and the tonic immobility duration recorded. The mean tonic immobility duration in lizards with striato-amygdaloid transition area lesions was significantly shorter (80.5%; p < 0.0…
The Influence of Treated and Untreated Subclinical Hypothyroidism on Metabolic Profile in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome.
2021
Background. Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and hypothyroidism are the most common endocrinological disorders among women of reproductive age. Since hypothyroidism occurs more frequently in PCOS patients, it is vital to explain its clinical impact. Aim. To evaluate the impact of subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) and its treatment on the metabolic profile of patients with PCOS. Methods. 190 women with PCOS phenotype A were enrolled in the case-control study. They were divided into three groups: 38 women with PCOS and subclinical hypothyroidism, 76 women with PCOS and SCH under thyroid replacement therapy, and 76 women with PCOS and normal thyroid function (control group). Serum lipids, fasti…
Pilot Study on Visual Function and Fundus Autofluorescence Assessment in Diabetic Patients.
2015
Purpose. Evaluate optimized fundus autofluorescence (FAF) imaging in early stages of diabetic retinopathy (DR) and relate findings with conventional colour fundus imaging and visual function in diabetic patients and control subjects.Materials and Methods. FAF and colour images were obtained using the CR-2 Plus digital nonmydriatic retinal camera in seven diabetic patients and thirteen control subjects. Visual-Functioning Questionnaire-25 (VFQ-25) and Diabetes Self-Management Questionnaire (DSMQ) were used to assess the quality of life and diabetes self-care. Contrast sensitivity function (CSF) was evaluated with the Vistech 6500 chart.Results. FAF and optimized-FAF imaging showed more retin…
Clinically meaningful FEV1 response with reslizumab achieved early and sustained over 52 weeks
2017
Background: Reslizumab (RES) is a humanized anti-interleukin-5 monoclonal antibody that significantly reduces the risk of asthma exacerbations and improves asthma control, lung function, and quality of life in patients with uncontrolled eosinophilic asthma. The mean difference in FEV 1 in RES treated patients vs placebo (PBO) at 16 and 52 weeks has been shown to be statistically and clinically significant (Castro et al., Lancet Respir Med. 2015; 3:355–366), but individual responders have not been assessed. Aims/Objectives: To assess the proportion of RES-treated patients who achieved a ≥0.1L increase in FEV 1 from baseline and the duration of treatment before response occurs. Methods: This …