Search results for "Function"
showing 10 items of 14432 documents
Safety and Efficacy of Microporous Polysaccharide Hemospheres in Neurosurgery
2011
BACKGROUND: Effective hemostasis is mandatory for brain tumor surgery. Microporous polysaccharide hemosphere (MPH) powder, a white powder compounded from potato starch, was recently introduced for surgical and emergency application. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of MPHs in brain tumor surgery. METHODS: Thirty-three patients (mean age, 58 years; range, 22-84 years) underwent microsurgical brain tumor resection. Final hemostasis was performed by topical application of MPHs, video recorded, and subsequently analyzed. Blood samples were taken before surgery, before application of hemospheres, and postoperatively. Volume measurements of the tumor, resection cavity, and postopera…
Efficacy and tolerability of multiple-dose SDZ IMM 125 in patients with severe psoriasis.
2006
Although cyclosporin is effective in immunosuppression following organ transplantation and in the treatment of psoriasis, its use is limited by its side-effects, notably impaired renal function and hypertension. As SDZ IMM 125, a new derivative of the cyclosporin family, showed considerable immunosuppressive activity in experimental studies, with less effect on renal function, it was considered a potential successor to cyclosporin for both indications. In this multicentre, double-blind, placebo-controlled study, the efficacy and tolerability of 40, 100, 200 and 400 mg SDZ IMM 125 daily were studied in 59 patients with psoriasis. Patients were followed for a period of 5 weeks (4 weeks treatm…
Circulating Levels of Adhesion Molecules in Chronic Kidney Disease Correlate with the Stage of Renal Disease and with C-Reactive Protein
2007
Patients with chronic renal failure (CRF) suffer from a series of complications linked to the atherosclerotic process in which the endothelial dysfunction mediated by the activation of some adhesion molecules plays an important role. This study aims to evaluate circulating levels of intercellular adhesion molecules-1 (ICAM-1) and vascular cell adhesion molecules-1 (VCAM-1) in patients with predialysis CRF, on maintenance hemodialysis (HD) and after kidney transplantation (KTx) and to correlate them with some inflammation and nutritional indexes.Thirty two patients with predialysis CRF, 30 on maintenance HD, 36 after KTx and 28 subjects as a control group (C) were included in this study. Cir…
Occurrence of silk stitch abscess after surgery in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma
2012
Objectives: To elucidate the predisposing factors and clinical characteristics related to the occurrence of stitch abscess after surgery in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Patients and Methods: The subjects were 232 patients who underwent excision and/or reconstruction and/or neck dissection for oral SCC using silk sutures for high ligation of the blood vessels. Detection rates and characteristics of patients with stitch abscess were retrospectively evaluated by comparing patients with and without stitch abscesses after surgery diagnosed by ultrasonography and findings of various modalities in 232 patients. Several echogenic dots with subtle acoustic shadows in a hypoechoi…
Residual urine volume after total mesorectal excision: an indicator of pelvic autonomic nerve preservation? Results of a case-control study.
2004
Objective The rate of bladder dysfunctions after total mesorectal excision (TME) for rectal cancer can be decreased by bilateral pelvic autonomic nerve preservation (PANP). However, it is not clear yet, how often partial nerve impairment may lead to bladder dysfunction. It was the aim of a case-control study, to examine the residual urine volume in patients before and after TME with and without complete PANP, in order to clarify, whether this parameter allows conclusions on the quality of PANP. Patients and methods Regarding bladder function, a case group (n = 26) without complete PANP was compared with a control group (n = 26) with complete identification and nerve preservation according…
Proteinuric effect of transcranial magnetic stimulation in healthy subjects and diabetic patients with stage 3-4 CKD
2013
BackgroundMany authors have investigated the numerous connections between the nervous system and kidneys, and recent literature has indicated that these similar systems are interconnected. Recent scientific works have shown that there is similarity between the cerebral cortex 'viscera representation' and the 'motor omunculus'. We studied the connection between the brain and kidney in vivo using repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS). Proteinuria and albuminuria were used as markers of renal response in patients with diabetes (DP) and in a group of healthy subjects (HSs) who received rTMS for 5 consecutive days.MethodsThe study population consists of the following four groups: G…
Evidence for the effectiveness of walking training on walking and self-care after stroke: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized control…
2014
Objective: To examine the effect of randomized controlled trials of walking training on walking and self-care in patients with stroke. Data sources: MEDLINE, CINAHL, Embase, PEDro, OTSeeker, Central, and manual search to the end of August 2012. Study selection: English, Finnish, Swedish, or German language walking training randomized controlled trials for patients over 18 years of age with stroke. Data synthesis: The meta-analyses included 38 randomized controlled trials from 44 reports. There was high evidence that in the subacute stage of stroke, specific walking training resulted in improved walking speed and distance compared with traditional walking training of the same intensity. In t…
Grey matter damage and overall cognitive impairment in primary progressive multiple sclerosis
2011
Objectives: To identify associations between cognitive impairment and imaging measures in a cross-sectional study of patients with primary progressive multiple sclerosis (PPMS). Methods: Neuropsychological tests were administered to 27 patients with PPMS and 31 controls. Patients underwent brain conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) sequences, volumetric scans and magnetization transfer (MT) imaging; MT ratio (MTR) parameters, grey matter (GM) and normal-appearing white matter (NAWM) volumes, and WM T2 lesion load (T2LL) were obtained. In patients, multiple linear regression models identified the imaging measure associated with the abnormal cognitive tests independently from the ot…
Sex differences in interhemispheric communication during face identity encoding: Evidence from ERPs
2013
Sex-related hemispheric lateralization and interhemispheric transmission times (IHTTs) were examined in twenty-four participants at the level of the first visual ERP components (P1 and N170) during face identity encoding in a divided visual-field paradigm. While no lateralization-related and sex-related differences were reflected in the P1 characteristics, these two factors modulated the N170. Indeed, N170 amplitudes indicated a right hemisphere (RH) dominance in men (and a more bilateral functioning in women). N170 latencies and the derived IHTTs confirmed the RH advantage in men but showed the reverse asymmetry in women. Altogether, the results of this study suggest a clear asymmetry in m…
Prefrontal and temporo-parietal involvement in taking others' perspective: TMS evidence.
2008
INTRODUCTION: Understanding the mental states of others entails a number of cognitive processes known as Theory of Mind (ToM). Behavioural and functional neuroimaging evidence suggests that prefrontal and temporo-parietal cortices are involved in these abilities. The present study was aimed at investigating the role of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and temporo-parietal junction in ToM by using a repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) paradigm. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Eleven healthy subjects participated in the study. The experimental ToM procedure was constituted by false belief and faux-pas written stories. Subjects were evaluated in baseline condition (Sham) and after 1Hz …