Search results for "Fusarium"

Conventional and Real-Time PCR Assays for Detection and Quantification of the Expression of Fumonisin Biosynthetic Genefum5 inFusarium verticillioides

2008

Fluorescent probes on HepG2 cells treated with emergent Fusarium mycotoxins

2012

Identification by PCR of Trichothecene-ProducingFusarium

2008

Occurrence of fumonisins in foods

2004

Fumonisins (FB) are synthesized mainly by different species of the genus Fusarium and FB1 is the predominating fumonisin isolated in foods. FB1 shows different toxicological effects in humans and animals and has been associated with esophageal cancer in different countries. This review presents an overview of the worldwide occurrence of fumonisins in crops and human foods being corn and corn meal the most contaminated foods, and reviews variations of the presence of these mycotoxins in foods and in agricultural crops. In foods, these variations are due to the alkaline solutions, water and temperature. For agricultural crops, the role of climatic conditions and latitude, genotypes, spoilage …

Phenotypic Evaluation of Spring Barley RIL Mapping Populations for Pre-harvest Sprouting, Fusarium Head Blight and β-Glucans

2012

The overall objective of the research is to develop molecular markers which can be used in spring barley breeding. The aim of this study was to summarise phenotyping data from recombinant inbred line (RIL) populations for mapping the QTLs for resistance to pre-harvest sprouting and Fusarium head blight (FHB) as well as content of β-glucans. The field and laboratory experiments were performed at the State Priekuli Plant Breeding Institute and at the State Stende Cereal Breeding Institute for two seasons (2010–2011). The mapping populations for pre-harvest sprouting consist of 93 (RILs produced from a cross between hulless barley (HB) breeding line ‘PR 3642’ (susceptible) and HB variety ‘CDC …

Mycotoxins: Occurrence and Determination

2016

Mycotoxins are toxic compounds produced by different types of fungi, belonging mainly to the Aspergillus , Penicillium , and Fusarium genera. This chapter presents a review of mycotoxins’ occurrence in food, and analytical methods proposed for their determination. Recent developments in sample preparation and chromatographic approaches for mycotoxins’ identification and quantification are highlighted. Current data on the occurrence of mycotoxins are also summarized. The chapter provides insight into the advances and progress in recent years and identifies remaining challenges.

Mitigation of enniatins in edible fish tissues by thermal processes and identification of degradation products.

2017

Emerging mycotoxins, such as enniatins and beauvericin, are common contaminants in vegetal matrices, but recently, the occurrence of mycotoxins in foodstuffs from animal origin has been also reported as they can be present in edible tissues of animals fed with contaminated feedstuffs. Sea bass, sea bream, Atlantic salmon and rainbow trout from aquaculture analyzed in the present survey showed contamination by emerging Fusarium mycotoxins enniatins (ENs). ENs were extracted from raw and cooked fish with acetonitrile and analyzed by Liquid Chromatography coupled to Mass Spectrometry. In this study, the stability of ENs was evaluated during food processing by the application of different cooki…

Introduction to the Toxins Special Issue on Toxicological Effects of Mycotoxin on Target Cells.

2020

Mycotoxins are toxic secondary metabolites produced by filamentous fungi from Fusarium, Alternaria and Penicillium spp [...]

Influence of environmental factors on the biosynthesis of type B trichothecenes by isolates of Fusarium spp. from Spanish crops.

2003

Various species of Fusarium can produce trichothecene mycotoxins that contaminate food commodities and can represent a risk for human and animal health. In this paper, a full factorial design was applied to study the influence of incubation temperature, water activity (a(w)) and type of isolate on the production of deoxynivalenol (DON), nivalenol (NIV) and 3-acetyldeoxynivalenol (3-AcDON) in corn kernel cultures by three isolates of Fusarium graminearum and three isolates of Fusarium culmorum from crops grown in Spain. The tested temperatures were 15, 20, 28 and 32 degrees C. The a(w)-values were 0.960, 0.970 and 0.980. Moisture of cultures (within the studied range) did not affect signific…

Caratterizzazione genetica di popolazioni di Fusarium da frumento e da altre piante di interesse agrario del bacino Mediterraneo.

2012

L’attività svolta in questa ricerca ha riguardato la selezione di una popolazione di Fusarium graminearum isolata da diverse piante (principalmente frumento e mais) di diverse regioni italiane, al fine di condurre una serie di studi di caratterizzazione molecolare per definirne le caratteristiche filogenetiche e chemiotipiche. Si è proceduto all’identificazione e all’amplificazione delle regioni genomiche corrispondenti ai geni analizzati in questo studio: EF-1α (Fattore di elongazione), BenA (β-tubulina), H3 (Istone 3) e Tri101 (Tricotecene 3-O-Acetiltransferasi). Gli alberi filogenetici ottenuti mostrano che gli isolati analizzati appartengono a F. graminearum sensu stricto (lignaggio 7) …