Search results for "GAME"

Having the final say: Machine support of ethical decisions of doctors

2015

Machines that support highly complex decisions of doctors have been a reality of r almost half a century. In the 1950s. computer-supported medical diag­ nostic systems started with "punched cru·ds in a shoe box". In the 1960s :md 1970s medicine wa�. to a cenain extent, transfo rmed into a quantitative science by inten­ sive i nt erdisc ip linary research coUaborations o f exp erts fi·om medicine. mathemat­ ics and electrical engineering; This was followed by a second shift in research on machine support of medical decisions from numerical probabilistic to knowledge basedapproaches. Solutions ofthe later form cameto be known as (medic;ll) expert systems, knowledge based systems research o•· …

How to track behaviours’ changes toward more sustainable mobility habits: the serious game of TrafficO2

2015

Social science and new communication technologies are influencing deeply the transportation domain and new models of urban sustainable development are constantly emerging as new possible solutions. One of the principal reasons is the capability to reach the motivations that foster us to choose one or other urban transportation systems. It’s already feasible to develop solutions to aim the implementation and the rooting of more efficient and sustainable habits in urban transportation. The present exploratory paper presents the activities conducted by innovation lab PUSH, with the Italian Ministry of Innovation and Research, for the development and the application of the social innovation pro…

Medium access in WiFi networks: strategies of selfish nodes

2009

This article provides a game theoretical analysis of the WiFi MAC protocol to understand the risks or the advantages offered by possible modifications of MAC functionalities implemented at the driver level.

A Cognitive Tuning of Contention Windows in WiFi Infrastructure Networks

2009

In WiFi networks, mobile nodes compete for accessing a shared channel by means of a random access protocol called Distributed Coordination Function (DCF). Although this protocol is in principle fair, since it should guarantee that all the stations have the same probability to transmit on the channel, it has been shown that unfair behaviors may emerge in actual networking scenarios. These phenomena are due to different reasons, including non-standard configurations of the nodes, critical network topologies, and short-term performance observations. In this paper we propose a game-theoretic approach for defining an enhanced DCF scheme suitable for WiFi intelligent nodes employing cognitive fun…

The design of Serious Games for Competency-based Education

2022

Using Temporal Texture for Content-Based Video Retrieval

2000

Textures evolving over time are called temporal textures and are very common in everyday life. Examples are the smoke flowing or the wavy water of a river. The idea explored in this paper is that image features based on temporal texture could allow a better performance of current content-based video retrieval systems that are mainly based on static characteristics of representative frames, like color and texture. To this aim we analyze the spatio-temporal nature of texture and its application in content-based access to video databases. In particular, we represent temporal texture using the spatio-temporal autoregressive (STAR) model and a variation of self-organizing maps (SOM) where each n…

Physical Metaphor for Streaming Media Retargeting

2014

We here introduce an image/video retargeting method that operates arbitrary aspect ratios resizing achieved in real-time performances. Most of the literature retargeting approaches sacrifice real-time performances in behalf of quality. On the other hand, existing fast methods provide arguable results. We can obtain a valuable trade-off between effectiveness and efficiency. The method named Spring Simulation Retargeting (SSR) is mainly based on a physical springs-based simulation. The media are assumed as flexible objects composed of particles and springs with different local stiffness properties, related to the visual importance of the content. The variation of the object size generates ela…

The Shift toward a Sustainable Urban Mobility through Decision Support Systems

2017

This chapter examines Decision support systems (DSS) are instrumental in the sustainable development of urban mobility, as they are useful to each decision maker to better predict, evaluate, and measure the impact of alternative solutions and to take informed and evidence-based decisions. It presents a number of DSSs explaining how sustainable mobility targets could be reached through these systems. The chapter highlights the transition toward a more sustainable mobility model not only comprises innovation at vehicle or infrastructure level, but also requires interdisciplinary and cross-sectorial expertise together with effective decision making support. When a DSS for sustainable urban mob…

Reputation management in distributed systems

2008

Several distributed applications, implemented over today’s Internet, are based on the assumption that participating agents collaborate in order to achieve their own goal. However, when these applications are modelled as unstructured distributed systems, the greater autonomy and decentralization encourage antisocial behaviours, which are likely to cause performance degradation for the whole system. This paper presents a fully distributed reputation management system that allows the evaluation of agent reputation in unstructured environments without any centralized coordination. The proposed approach is based on game theory and is capable of capturing the highly dynamic nature of the involved…

Simulation and anticipation as tools for coordinating with the future

2013

A key goal in designing an artificial intelligence capable of performing complex tasks is a mechanism that allows it to efficiently choose appropriate and relevant actions in a variety of situations and contexts. Nowhere is this more obvious than in the case of building a general intelligence, where the contextual choice and application of actions must be done in the presence of large numbers of alternatives, both subtly and obviously distinct from each other. We present a framework for action selection based on the concurrent activity of multiple forward and inverse models. A key characteristic of the proposed system is the use of simulation to choose an action: the system continuously sim…