Search results for "GAMMA IRRADIATION"

showing 10 items of 20 documents

Modification of Structural and Luminescence Properties of Graphene Quantum Dots by Gamma Irradiation and Their Application in a Photodynamic Therapy

2015

Herein, the ability of gamma irradiation to enhance the photoluminescence properties of graphene quantum dots (GQDs) was investigated. Different doses of gamma-irradiation were used on GQDs to examine the way in which their structure and optical properties can be affected. The photoluminescence quantum yield was increased six times for the GQDs irradiated with high doses compared to the nonirradiated material. Both photoluminescence lifetime and values of optical band gap were increased with the dose of applied gamma irradiation. In addition, the exploitation of the gamma-irradiated GQDs as photosensitizers was examined by monitoring the production of singlet oxygen under UV illumination. T…

PhotoluminescenceMaterials scienceLuminescenceBand gapQuantum yieldgraphene quantum dot02 engineering and technology010402 general chemistryPhotochemistryMicroscopy Atomic Force01 natural scienceslaw.inventionchemistry.chemical_compoundlawQuantum DotsSpectroscopy Fourier Transform InfraredGeneral Materials ScienceIrradiationParticle SizePhotosensitizing Agentsgraphene quantum dotsSinglet OxygenGraphenebusiness.industrySinglet oxygenElectron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologygamma irradiation0104 chemical scienceschemistryPhotochemotherapyphotodynamic therapyQuantum dotGamma Raysgamma irradiation; graphene quantum dots; photodynamic therapy; photoluminescence; quantum yieldOptoelectronicsGraphiteSpectrophotometry Ultravioletphotoluminescence0210 nano-technologyLuminescencebusinessquantum yield
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Gamma rays induced synthesis of graphene oxide/gold nanoparticle composites: structural and photothermal study

2022

Gamma irradiation provides an alternative pathway to conventional gold nanoparticle synthesis because it is simple, fast, and economical. Here, we employed gamma irradiation at low doses (1–20 kGy) to obtain gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) anchored onto graphene oxide (GO) sheets. GO was selected as a suitable platform for the nucleation and growth of Au NPs because of its large surface area and good dispersibility in water due to the presence of polar oxygen-containing functional groups in its structure. Gamma irradiation at all the applied doses led to the reduction of chloroauric acid and the formation of evenly distributed Au NPs at the GO surface, simultaneously causing the reduction of GO…

RadiationOne-step synthesisGold nanoparticlesGamma irradiationPhotothermal propertiesSettore CHIM/02 - Chimica FisicaGraphene oxide
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Effects of Gamma Irradiation on the Kinetics of the Adsorption and Desorption of Hydrogen in Carbon Microfibres

2013

In this study, three types of carbon fibres were used, they were ex-polyacrylonitrile carbon fibres with high bulk modulus, ex-polyacrylonitrile fibres with high strength, and vapour grown carbon fibres. All the samples were subjected to a hydrogen adsorption process at room temperature in an over-pressured atmosphere of 25 bars. The adsorption process was monitored through electrical resistivity measurements. As conditioning of the fibres, a chemical activation by acid etching followed by ¿-ray irradiation with 60Co radioisotopes was performed. The surface energy was deter-mined by means of the sessile drop test. Both conditioning treatments are supplementary; the chemical activation works…

Raman SpectroscopyElectrical ResistivityMaterials scienceHydrogenHydrogen AdsorptionGeneral Engineeringchemistry.chemical_elementGrain sizeSurface energyGamma IrradiationHydrogen storageSessile drop techniqueAdsorptionchemistryChemical engineeringCarbon FiberDesorptionGrain boundaryAdvances in Materials Physics and Chemistry
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Assessment of contamination of <em>Salmonella</em> spp. in imported black pepper and sesame seed and salmonella inactivation by gamma irr…

2021

This study shows the frequency of seeds samples contaminated by Salmonella spp. collected randomly from local markets; on 30 black pepper sample no contaminated sample was found while Salmonella spp. was detected in 3 of 36 (8.3%) analyzed sesame samples; three different serotypes were identified: S. Montevideo, S. Stanleyville e S. Tilene. The efficacy of gamma irradiation to inactivate Salmonella Montevideo in black pepper and sesame irradiated between 1 and 5 kGy was evaluated. 3 kGy is sufficient to reduce of 3-4 log CFU/g; whereas 5 kGy have been need to reduce 5.5-6 log CFU/g for samples of black pepper and sesame. No statistically significant differences were found between black pepp…

Salmonella montevideoSalmonellaVeterinary medicinePeppermedicinefood and beveragesFood irradiationBiologyContaminationmedicine.disease_causeSesame seedFood ScienceGamma irradiationItalian Journal of Food Safety
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Gamma-ray irradiation tests on CCD and CMOS sensors used in imaging techniques

2012

Technologically-enhanced electronic devices are used in various fields as space imaging or diagnostic techniques in medicine. The devices can be exposed to intense radiation fluxes over time which may impair the functioning of the same apparatus, in particular in space applications. In this paper we report the results of a gamma irradiation tests on imaging sensors simulating the space radiation over a long time period. Two types of sensors are taken into consideration: CCD (Charge-Coupled Device) sensors and CMOS based on technology MOS (Metal Oxide semiconductor) used for the realization of transistors widely used in consumer electronics. The devices are supplied by Techno System (Italy),…

Settore ING-IND/20 - Misure E Strumentazione NucleariImaging techniques CCD CMOS Gamma irradiation.Settore ING-INF/01 - Elettronica
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Gamma Irradiation as a Tool for Modification of Graphene Oxide-Silver Nanowires Composites GAMMA IRRADIATION AS A TOOL FOR MODIFICATION OF GRAPHENE O…

2021

Graphene oxide (GO) was produced using the Hummers' method while silver nanowires (AgNWs) were obtained by polyol synthesis. Composite was produced by simple mixing of GO and AgNWs dispersions. The composite was produced in a form of free/standing films by vacuum filtration and exposed to gamma irradiation in an oxygen-free atmosphere. After irradiation, without any additional cleaning, the structure, morphology and electrical properties were investigated. Gamma irradiation was shown to be an efficient tool to induce a chemical reduction of GO, and it was able to improve the electrical conductivity of produced composites. Due to avoiding the usage of reagents and solvents, this method belon…

Silver NanowiresFree-standing filmComposite materialsGamma irradiationGraphene oxide
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An Approach on the Hydrogen Absorption in Carbon Black after Gamma Irradiation

2013

In this work, different samples of an industrial carbon black are used to study the hydrogen intake from an over pres-surized atmosphere and its changes due to alteration of its level of crystallinity produced by ¿-irradiation. The monitor-ing of the hydrogen adsorption was made by means of thermogravimetric analysis and by measurements of some elec-trical parameters as the Seebeck coefficient. X-ray diffraction shows that the irradiation diminishes the level of crystal-line perfection. These results show interesting possibilities to use carbon black as cheap hydrogen absorbers.

Thermogravimetric analysisMaterials scienceHydrogen StorageHydrogenRadiochemistryGeneral EngineeringAnalytical chemistrychemistry.chemical_elementCarbon blackCarbon SemiconductorGamma IrradiationAtmosphereHydrogen storageCrystallinitychemistryCarbon blackSeebeck coefficientsense organsIrradiationSeebeck’s EffectAdvances in Materials Physics and Chemistry
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Synthesis, characterisation and properties of α,β-poly(N-2-hydroxyethyl)-dl-aspartamide-graft-maleic anhydride precursors and their stimuli-responsiv…

2009

Abstract A family of poly(amino acid)-maleic anhydride hydrogels were designed and synthesized. Water soluble polymeric precursors were prepared by partially substituting the hydroxyl groups of the α,β-poly( N -2-hydroxyethyl)- dl -aspartamide backbone with maleic anhydride, so as to provide double bonds for crosslinking and carboxylic acid groups for pH and electric field responsiveness. Reaction conditions (reactive mixture composition and catalysis) were systematically varied in order to obtain PHEA–MA precursors with different and reliable graft-maleic anhydride levels. PHEA–MA precursors were characterised by titration, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ( 1 H NMR), Fourier-Transformed Infrare…

chemistry.chemical_classificationPolymers and PlasticsGeneral Chemical EngineeringCarboxylic acidSize-exclusion chromatographyResponsive hydrogeltechnology industry and agricultureMaleic anhydrideChemical modificationAcid–base titrationGamma irradiationmacromolecular substancesGeneral ChemistryBiochemistryPolyelectrolytechemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryPolymer synthesiSelf-healing hydrogelsPolymer chemistryMaterials ChemistryEnvironmental ChemistryRadical initiatorSettore CHIM/07 - Fondamenti Chimici Delle TecnologieSwellingReactive and Functional Polymers
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Influence of gamma-irradiation on thermally-induced mesoscopic gelation of degalactosylated xyloglucans

2014

Thermoresponsive degalactosylated xyloglucans have been already proposed as in situ gelling scaffolds for tissue engineering, due to their reversible macroscopic thermal gelation at body temperature and biodegradability. The highly branched, hydroxyl group-rich molecular structure renders xyloglucans interesting raw materials also in the form of micro/nanoparticles for application as nanoscalar drug delivery devices in cosmetic and pharmaceutical formulations. Owing to their natural source, xyloglucans show high average molecular weight, broad molecular weight distribution and poor water solubility, as large and compact aggregates usually form via inter-molecular hydrogen bonding. Co-60 gam…

chemistry.chemical_classificationRadiationAqueous solutionMaterials science60Co-gamma irradiationSize-exclusion chromatographyNanoparticledynamic light scatteringPolymerXyloglucanchemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryDynamic light scatteringChemical engineeringDrug deliverytemperature responsive polymerOrganic chemistryMolar mass distributionSettore CHIM/07 - Fondamenti Chimici Delle TecnologieCo-60 gamma-irradiationXyloglucanTemperature responsive polymersgel filtration chromatographyRadiation Physics and Chemistry
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Effects of gamma-irradiation on the alpha-tocopherol and fatty acids content of raw unpeeled almond kernels (Prunus dulcis)

2014

Abstract The present study evaluated fatty acid composition and α-tocopherol content of almond as a function of irradiation dose in order to determine dose levels causing minimal undesirable changes to almonds. Raw unpeeled almonds variety Tuono ( Prunus dulcis (Mill.) D. A. Webb) were irradiated using 60 Co source at dose of 0.5, 1.5, 3, 6, 8 and 10 kGy. Both control and irradiated samples were kept frozen and immediately analyzed. The data obtained showed no change in fatty acid compositions up to a dose of 10 kGy; on the contrary, a general trend observed is that increasing the dose of irradiation resulted in the decrease of α-tocopherol content. The study has shown that irradiation is a…

chemistry.chemical_classificationVitaminSettore CHIM/10 - Chimica Degli AlimentiVitamin Emedicine.medical_treatmentfood and beveragesFatty acidγ irradiationSettore CHIM/08 - Chimica FarmaceuticaPrunus dulcischemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryBiochemistrymedicineAlmonds Gamma irradiation Fatty acids a-TocopherolIrradiationTocopherolFood sciencealpha-TocopherolFood Science
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