Search results for "GASTROINTESTINAL"

Terlipressin or vasopressin plus transdermal nitroglycerin in a treatment strategy for digestive bleeding in cirrhosis

1994

Between 1988 and 1990 an unblinded, randomized trial of terlipressin or vasopressin plus transdermal nitroglycerin, as part of a treatment strategy including emergency sclerotherapy for actively bleeding varices, was conducted during 165 admissions in 137 patients with cirrhosis and upper digestive bleeding. Eighty-four patient admissions were assigned to terlipressin (2 mg every 6 h) and 81 to vasopressin (0.4 to 0.8 unit per min) plus transdermal nitroglycerin (20 to 80 mg). The two groups were comparable for relevant clinical data, but there were slightly more patients with hepatocellular carcinoma or terminal conditions in the terlipressin group. After the 24-h study period, failure to …

Investigational agents for Crohn's disease.

2010

IMPORTANCE OF THE FIELD: Increased understanding of the biological mechanisms of Crohn's disease has opened the door to a large number of new molecules; some of these are approved for clinical use, while others remain under evaluation. In this review, we examine the clinical efficacy of all the new drugs that have been evaluated in controlled trials in the last 12 years. AREAS COVERED IN THIS REVIEW: Anti-TNF therapy has been reviewed briefly, given the many comprehensive reviews on this topic; attention is focused mainly on the other biological therapies. In assessing the clinical efficacy of these molecules, we consider only the remission rate, as this is considered the most meaningful en…

Out-of-pocket costs in gastrointestinal cancer patients: Lack of a perfectly framed problem contributing to financial toxicity

2021

Abstract Fighting cancer is an economically expensive challenge for both health care payers, and the patients and their families and the median costs for cancer care are rapidly increasing in the last decade. Although both direct and indirect costs of medical assistance have been a frequent source of distress and contention, however analysis of the non-medical expenses incurred directly by cancer patients has not received adequate attention. Developing a deeper understanding of so-called "out-of-pocket" costs may be necessary. Out-of-pocket costs for medical care range from 7 % to 11 % of medical costs for all payers. However, the range of out-of-pocket costs shows considerable variability …

Oligometastases of Gastrointestinal Cancer Origin

2017

284 Hemospray for Non-Variceal Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding: Results of the Seal Dataset (Survey to Evaluate the Application of Hemospray in the L…

2012

Octreotide prevents the pathological alterations of bowel obstruction in cancer patients

1996

Tu1253 How Safe Is Sedation in Gastrointestinal Endoscopy? a Prospective Multicenter Trial: an Interim Analysis of 73,941 Endoscopies. Data From Pros…

2013

were those plausibly associated with the procedure and severe enough for the patient to seek medical attention. We compared the proportion of patients with adverse events associated with gastrointestinal endoscopy identified with direct patient contact to the proportion identified through our current infrastructure using the chi-square statistic. Results: During the study period, 11,710 endoscopic procedures were performed on 9,683 patients. Our study personnel made 3205 calls over a three month period and ultimately made contact with 1999 (17%; 84.5% of those called) patients. 28 (1.4%) adverse events were identified through direct patient contact. Our adverse event tracking infrastructure…

Bowel ultrasonography in acute abdomen: beyond acute appendicitis.

2021

Acute abdomen is a common reason for consultation in the emergency department. A broad spectrum of entities, including diverse diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, can cause acute abdomen. Although computed tomography is the technique most widely used to evaluate acute abdomen in the emergency department, abdominal ultrasound is often performed first and allows bowel disease to be suspected. This article describes the ultrasound features of diverse bowel diseases that can cause acute abdomen, such as acute diverticulitis, bowel obstruction, gastrointestinal perforation, bowel ischemia, intraabdominal fat necrosis, and miscellaneous processes such as endometriosis, foreign bodies, or vasc…

Conventional Radiology in the Evaluation of the Small Bowel

2015

For many years, the small bowel has been considered as the “black box” of the gastrointestinal system because it could not be evaluated through endoscopy. For this reason, the conventional radiological methods, such as small bowel enteroclysis and small bowel follow-through, have been considered the standard approach for the evaluation of the small bowel in the diagnosis and management of Crohn’s disease for years. However, due to technological limits, the study of small bowel through conventional radiology has been focused mainly on its function than on its anatomy. To date, the conventional examination with the study of intestinal transit is now rarely used, if not obsolete, but it has st…

Advanced Endoscopic Imaging Methods

2021

Endoscopic imaging is the mainstay of gastrointestinal endoscopy and has experienced remarkable improvements in recent decades. Further endoscopic innovations stemming from major technological advances such as artificial intelligence and deep learning are at advanced stages of development and will be increasingly deployed in routine clinical practice. These will improve the detection and enable real-time optical diagnosis of pathologies in the gastrointestinal tract. Furthermore, the utilization of endoscopic robots may result in higher diagnostic yield and greater patient comfort. This chapter covers the most recent developments around computer-assisted diagnosis, hypoxia and three-dimensi…