Search results for "GDP"
showing 10 items of 81 documents
Il consenso nel mercato dei dati personali: considerazioni al tempo dei big data
2022
Sullo sfondo della disciplina europea della tutela dei dati personali, il saggio esamina il rilievo dell’autodeterminazione individuale dell’utente al loro trattamento, al cospetto di fenomeni di rilievo economico, quali la crescente diffusione dei big data analytics e il loro utilizzo per la profilazione degli utenti nella cornice del capitalismo della sorveglianza. La “tenuta” della centralità del consenso, testimoniata dalla individuazione degli attributi del consenso nel GDPR e dall’affermazione pretoria del modello dell’opt-in, non argina la transizione verso un’autodeterminazione sempre più “economica”, che sollecita una regolazione europea più attenta a cogliere le peculiarità della …
Personu datu pārziņa un apstrādātāja tiesisko attiecību saturs VDAR kontekstā
2018
Vispārīgā datu aizsardzības regula (VDAR) ir Eiropas Sabiedrības jauns likums personas datu aizsardzības jomā. Tika doti divi gadi lai sagatavoties šim dokumentam. Sagatavošanas darbi bija jāveic gan valsts līmenī – iestādēm, organizācijām, gan privāto jomu pārstāvjiem – uzņēmumiem, fiziskajām personām. Neskatoties uz citiem prognozēm – ne tik pesimistiskām , autoraprāt, pilnībā gatavs nav neviens. Saeima turpina lemt un izskatīt nepieciešamo un Regulā noteikto deleģējuma saturu – Personas datu apstrādes līkumu. Likuma subjekti apmeklē seminārus, lasa vadlīnijas un komentārus un mēģina atrast risinājumus. Datu aizsardzības speciālisti turpina apmācības pēc vecā likuma, Datu valsts inspekcij…
Personas datu nosūtīšanas un pienācīgas drošības jēdzienu tvērums vispārīgās datu aizsardzības regulas kontekstā
2019
Personas dati tiek uzskatīt par jauno “zeltu”. Savukārt, šī ekonomiskā labuma pilnvērtīga apgūšana mūsdienu pasaulē nav iedomājama bez datu nosūtīšanas. Līdz ar to personas datu aizsardzības regulējuma attīstība un lielāku sodu piemērošana pārkāpumu gadījumā no valsts puses ir tikai loģisks solis, lai aizsargātu fizisku personu tiesības un intereses no pārmērīgas personu datu apstrādes komersantu interesēs. Darba mērķis ir noteikt “datu nosūtīšanas” un “pienācīgas aizsardzības” jēdzienu tvērumu VDAR kontekstā. Pētījuma ietvaros tiks atklātas datu nosūtīšanas regulējuma problēmas, kā arī apkopoti kritēriji, lai datu apstrādi varētu uzskatīt par pienācīgi aizsargātu.
Naftas un gāzes rūpniecības ietekmes analīze uz valsts ekonomisko vidi
2020
Valsts, kura ražo un eksportē naftu parasti tiek uzskatīta par attīstības valsti. Kazahstānas Republika ir viena no attīstības valsts piemēriem ar lielām naftas un gāzes rezervēm. Šī darba pirmajās daļās tiek aprakstīta globālās ekonomikas tekošā situācija naftas un gāzes industrijā, un kādu vietu šī nozare ieņem Kazahstānā. Darba autora veiktie pētījumi, iekļauj sevī PESTLE analīzi, kas uzskatāmi parāda naftas un gāzes industrijas ietekmi uz Kazahstānas ekonomiku, ņemot vērā starptautisko korporāciju ietekmi uz tādām nozarēm kā politika, ekonomika, tehnoloģijas un apkārtējā vide. Pētījuma rezultāti attēlo negatīvas un pozitīvas ietekmes faktoru virkni, kuri savukārt var būt paaugstināti va…
Operationalization of un-captured GDP - Innovation stream under new global mega-trends
2016
With the understanding that current ICT-driven global development depends on a trend shifting from traditional co-evolution of computer-initiated ICT, captured GDP, and economic functionality to new co-evolution of the Internet, un-captured GDP, and supra-functionality beyond economic value, the following hypothetical view was postulated: The disparity between the world's ICT leader countries with respect to happiness/welfare amidst great stagnation (Finland) or conspicuous economic growth (Singapore) can be attributed to the difference of the state in the above shifting trends. The foregoing hypothetical view was demonstrated on the basis of an empirical analysis measuring dependency on un…
A new paradox of the digital economy - Structural sources of the limitation of GDP statistics
2018
The Internet has dramatically changed the way we conduct business and our daily lives by provided us with unprecedented services and conveniences. However, contrary to such accomplishments, productivity in industrialized countries is now experiences an apparent decline. This has raised the question of a possible productivity paradox in the digital economy. The limitation of GDP statistics in measuring the advancement of the digital economy has thus become an important subject. This paper analyzed the structural sources of this problem. Utilizing the results of empirical analyses of national, industrial, and individual behavior in the digital economy, solutions to these critical issues were …
Beyond GDP: an analysis of the socio-economic diversity of European regions
2019
International audience; This paper aims to analyze the socioeconomic diversity of the European Union (EU-28) regions from a dynamic perspective. For that purpose, we combine a series of exploratory space-time analysis approaches to multiple Factor Analysis (MFA) applied to a large range of indicators collected at the NUTS-2 level for the period 2000–2015 for the EU-28. First, we find that the first factor of MFA, interpreted as economic development (ECO-DEV), is spatially clustered and that a moderate convergence process is at work between European regions from 2000 to 2015. Second, when comparing these results with those obtained for Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita, we show that th…
Glosa do wyroku Naczelnego Sądu Administracyjnego z dnia 25 maja 2022 r., sygn. akt III OSK 2273/21
2023
Glosowany wyrok dotyczy dwóch istotnych zagadnień związanych ze stosowaniem przez jednostki organizacyjne Kościoła katolickiego na terytorium Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej auto- nomicznych, szczegółowych zasad ochrony osób fizycznych w związku z przetwarzaniem ich danych. Pierwsze odnosi się do możliwości dalszego stosowania tychże autonomicznych, szczegółowych zasad po wejściu w życie RODO. Drugie – zdolności powołania i statusu niezależnego odrębnego organu nadzorczego – Kościelnego Inspektora Ochrony Danych. Aprobując stanowisko zawarte w wyroku NSA, w glosie przedstawiono argumenty przemawiające za tym, że w momencie wejścia w życie RODO w Kościele katolickim istniała regulacja dotyczącą pr…
Sub-central Governments and Debt Crisis in Spain over the Period 2000–2011
2013
This chapter studies the quantitative evolution of sub-central sovereign debt in Spain over the period 2000–2011 and compares it with the evolution of central debt. As an intense process of political and fiscal decentralization has taken place since the mid eighties, the paper examines whether this drive to decentralization has been paralleled by any fiscally undisciplined behavior on the part of Spanish sub-central governments over the period considered. Some key formal legal rules and informal behavioral norms present at sub-central politics in Spain are examined, including legal controls on borrowing by sub-central governments. The empirical analysis will be based on the internationally …
Assessment of the economic development of Latvia and Ukraine
2020
The global financial crisis and the ensuing global recession not only adversely affected global growth and poverty, but also presented constraints and challenges to public policy. Even though the world economy is slowly returning to growth, the recovery was difficult and lasted for almost 10 years. Preparing for the future requires an assessment of the consequences of the crisis and future challenges. Since 2010 economic growth in Latvia has been one of the fastest in the EU (from 2011-2018, GDP, on average, increased by 3.5% annually), however in 2019 economic growth has moderated. Growth opportunities are limited both by the uncertainty in the external environment (“trade wars” on the glo…