Search results for "GENDER"
showing 10 items of 2420 documents
Do gender wage differences within households influence women's empowerment and welfare? : Evidence from Ghana
2021
Using household data from the latest wave of the Ghana Living Standards Survey, this paper utilizes machine learning techniques – IV LASSO – that allows for the treatment of unconfoundedness in the selection of observables and unobservables to examine the structural effect of gender wage differences within households on women's empowerment and welfare in Ghana. The structural parameters of the IV LASSO estimations show that a reduction in household gender wage gap significantly enhances women's empowerment. Also, a decline in household gender wage gap results meaningfully in improving household and women's welfare. Particularly, the increasing effect on women's welfare resulting from decrea…
Gender differences in the battle against COVID‐19: Impact of genetics, comorbidities, inflammation and lifestyle on differences in outcomes
2020
Abstract It has been over six months now since the entire globe was struck by the new Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID‐19; aka severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 [SARS‐CoV‐2]), which has affected 215 nations. The medical and scientific communities continue to search for and study potential treatments for COVID‐19 as well as an effective vaccine. As of 21 June 2020, 11.4 million cases have been confirmed worldwide, with approximately 530,000 deaths. A large number of scientific papers have been produced, hundreds of thousands of patients have been hospitalized and studied, several treatments and vaccines are being tested in randomized clinical trials, social distancing regulation…
Labour market reforms, institutions, and the quality of employment : should we all follow German Hartz model in reforming labour markets?
2015
Underemployment and aging population are major threats for several European economies. This study asks, whether partial labour market reforms, similar to German Hartz reforms, were good choices for other European countries, especially in terms of the quality of employment. Labour market liberalisation effects are assessed from macro-perspective on 25 OECD countries with fixed-effects panel data analysis. The effects for full-time, part-time, temporary, and low-wage employment are analysed separately for both genders, and also on young adults. The results find out strongly a gendered nature of labour market deregulation effects, which give support for dual labour market theory. There appears…
On the relations between parents’ and children’s implicit and explicit academic gender stereotypes.
2017
Although parents may represent influential sources of children’s gender stereotypes, to date no study has directly investigated the relations between parents’ and children’s gender stereotypes regarding academic abilities. Aiming at filling this gap, in the present study parents’ and their young children’s gender stereotypes about math and language were assessed using both explicit and implicit measures for each member of the family. Sixty-eight Italian 6-year-olds, their mothers, and their fathers (a) performed an Implicit Association Test designed to assess implicit gender stereotypes about math and language, and (b) completed a measure of the relevant explicit stereotypes. Fathers’, but …
Parenting Dimensions and Adolescent Peer Aggression: A Gendered Analysis
2020
The present study had two main goals. The first was to analyze the differences between parenting dimensions&mdash
Can fathers' leave take-up dismantle gendered parental responsibilities? Evidence from Finland
2022
Objective: This article reports on the associations of fathers' leave take-up with parents' care responsibilities when their child is around four years old. Background: In families with small children women continue to do more parental care work than men. Several studies, however, have suggested that fathers who take up parental leave also take more responsibility for childcare. Method: We applied logistic regression analysis to Finnish survey data collected in 2019 from the mothers and fathers of four-year-old children to find out whether father’s take-up and length of leave is related to fathers taking equal or more responsibility for different dimensions of parental responsibilities, inc…
A transsexual parent recounts his transition.
2015
Changes in family systems have concerned norms, roles and relational styles. The presence of a trans-sexual father or mother represents a specific condition in the parenting function. When a parent decides to come out about his or her transsexualism, the process of disclosure becomes a family issue and this coming-out may cause, in the transsexual’s partner, sexual rejection, disillusion, anger, identity crisis, alteration in one’s system of beliefs and concern for one’s children. The adjustment process to trans-sexual parenthood entails the acceptance of this new condition and a focusing on the care function, independently of the relationship of the couple. Moreover, difficulties at the le…
Stepmothers in narratives : negotiations on relatedness
2018
This study contributes to the existing stepmother research by focusing on interaction as an aspect of stepmother identity construction. Accordingly, identity is seen as negotiated through interaction with other family members. A narrative approach applied to 58 stories written by Finnish stepmothers yielded three identity types: identity restricted by a biological mother, stepmother-centred identity, and team parenthood identity. The most dominant feature, common to all the stories, was that stepmothers perceived themselves primarily in relation to the children’s biological mothers, a stance that often led them to feel threatened. Stepmother identity construction appeared to be problematic …
La sfida delle coppie a doppia carriera tra strategie di coping e nodi conflittuali. Un contributo di ricerca
2015
Nella dimensione privata e in quella sociale e organizzativa, il bilanciamento famiglia-lavoro e la genitorialita si risolvono in un sovraccarico di responsabilita a sfavore delle madri e nella effettiva disparita nella professione. Nelle famiglie a doppia carriera, il conflitto tra vita familiare e vita lavorativa ha effetti su varie dimensioni; la ricerca che presentiamo prende in esame la presenza di conflitti WIF (work to family) e conflitti FIW (family to work) in un campione di 483 genitori di coppie a doppia carriera e ha permesso di evidenziare che l’aumento dei compiti familiari relativi alla nascita e all’accudimento dei figli e associato a una strategia di bilanciamento che rifle…
Negotiating parenting practices: the arguments and justifications of Finnish couples
2021
This article explores Finnish different-sex couples’ (n = 12) negotiations on their parental division of labour. Theoretically, the article is based on the literature on gendered parenting practices and relational negotiations. Our discourse analysis reveals how the couples produced ‘togetherness’ and ‘our family’ by representing their care practices as agreements, irrespective of whether the care was described as equally shared or distinctly gendered. Disagreements reflecting more individualistic tones, and mainly resulting from the mothers’ sense of unfairness, were especially foregrounded when the distribution of household duties was discussed. The analysis also revealed how men cited in…