Search results for "GLIOBLASTOMA"

T2 mapping of the peritumoral infiltration zone of glioblastoma and anaplastic astrocytoma.

2021

Purpose To characterise peritumoral zones in glioblastoma and anaplastic astrocytoma evaluating T2 values using T2 mapping sequences. Materials and methods In this study, 41 patients with histopathologically confirmed World Health Organization high grade gliomas and preoperative magnetic resonance imaging examinations were retrospectively identified and enrolled. High grade gliomas were differentiated: (a) by grade, glioblastoma versus anaplastic astrocytoma; and (b) by isocitrate dehydrogenase mutational state, mutated versus wildtype. T2 map relaxation times were assessed from the tumour centre to peritumoral zones by means of a region of interest and calculated pixelwise by using a fit m…

Maximizing the Extent of Resection in High-Grade Glioma.

2019

High-grade gliomas (HGGs) are devastating tumors associated with one of the worst prognoses in oncology. Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most frequently reported histologic type, with a median survival after surgery and combined treatment with chemotherapy and radiotherapy of 12–16 months. Several studies have shown that the extent of resection (EOR) of the contrast-enhancing part of the tumor improves survival in patients with HGGs, although the quest to achieve optimal oncologic outcomes must be tempered with the neurologic result following radical resection. To date, limited evidence exists on the relationship between EOR and level of clinical benefit for patients with HGGs. Brown e…

Up-regulation of cholesterol associated genes as novel resistance mechanism in glioblastoma cells in response to archazolid B

2014

Treatment of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), the most common and aggressive lethal brain tumor, represents a great challenge. Despite decades of research, the survival prognosis of GBM patients is unfavorable and more effective therapeutics are sorely required. Archazolid B, a potent vacuolar H(+)-ATPase inhibitor influencing cellular pH values, is a promising new compound exerting cytotoxicity in the nanomolar range on wild-type U87MG glioblastoma cells and U87MG.∆EGFR cells transfected with a mutant epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) gene. Gene expression profiling using microarray technology showed that archazolid B caused drastic disturbances in cholesterol homeostasis. Cholesterol,…

The radiosensitization effect of titanate nanotubes as a new tool in radiation therapy for glioblastoma: A proof-of-concept

2013

Abstract Background and purpose One of the new challenges to improve radiotherapy is to increase the ionizing effect by using nanoparticles. The interest of titanate nanotubes (TiONts) associated with radiotherapy was evaluated in two human glioblastoma cell lines (SNB-19 and U87MG). Materials and methods Titanate nanotubes were synthetized by the hydrothermal treatment of titanium dioxide powder in a strongly basic NaOH solution. The cytotoxicity of TiONts was evaluated on SNB-19 and U87MG cell lines by cell proliferation assay. The internalization of TiONts was studied using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). Finally, the effect of TiONts on cell radiosensitivity was evaluated using …

A radiosensitizing effect of artesunate in glioblastoma cells is associated with a diminished expression of the inhibitor of apoptosis protein surviv…

2011

Abstract Background and purpose Novel strategies to overcome an irradiation resistant phenotype may help to increase therapeutic efficacy in glioblastoma multiforme. The present study aimed to elucidate radiation sensitizing properties of artesunate, a semi synthetic derivate of artemisinin and to assess factors involved in this effect. Materials and methods LN229 and U87MG cells were treated with various concentrations of artesunate and radiation response was determined by a colony forming assay. Cell numbers, apoptosis induction, cell cycle distribution, and DNA repair following combined modality treatment were monitored by MTT-, caspase 3/7 assay, cytofluorometry, and γ-H2AX foci formati…

Integrated approach to delineating molecular traits of recurrent glioblastoma using glioma stem cell models and tumor tissue profiling

2018

Case of multifocal glioblastoma with four fusion transcripts of ALK, FGFR2, NTRK2, and NTRK3 genes stresses the need for tumor tissue multisampling f…

2021

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most malignant brain tumor with patient mortality rate close to 100%, 5-yr survival rate of ∼5%, and a median survival of 14 mo. GBMs have notorious histomorphologic and molecular heterogeneities thus giving hope for development of future personalized therapies. We describe here a case of a 48-yr-old male patient with three-nodular GBM. To address the question of intratumoral molecular heterogeneity, a comparative analysis of gene expression was performed by using multiple samples collected from different tumor sites with the aid of intraoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Sixteen GBM biosamples from parietal, temporal, and temporo-polar localiza…

Leptin and Its Receptor are Overexpressed in Brain Tumors and Correlate with the Degree of Malignancy

2009

Although leptin and its receptor (ObR) have emerged as important cancer biomarkers, the role of the leptin system in brain tumor development remains unknown. We screened 87 human brain tumor biopsies using immunohistochemistry and detected leptin and ObR in 55.2% and 60.9% cases, respectively. In contrast, leptin and ObR were absent in 14 samples of normal brain tissue. The presence of leptin correlated with ObR with overall concordance 80.5%. The leptin/ObR system was highly expressed in glioblastomas and anaplastic astrocytomas, while lower expression of both markers was noted in low-grade astrocytomas and gangliogliomas. The association between leptin/ObR and the degree of tumor malignan…

Glioblastoma: development of new diagnostic tools based on EV-associated proteins

2021

Glioblastomas multiforme (GBM) are the most common malignant primary brain tumors in adults. They are highly aggressive and have an overall survival of <15 months despite maximal surgical resection and chemoradiation (Ostrom, 2019). GBMs are typically heterogeneous with a wide range of genetic and epigenetic variations among tumor cells. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) represent one of the plausible ways through which can be obtained a better understanding of the heterogeneous subpopulations of GBM / molecular signatures. EVs hold promise for the discovery of potential tumours biomarkers useful in clinical managment for GBM patient diagnosis and follow-up. Isolating EVs from body fluids and sc…

The Abundance of Tumor-Infiltrating CD8+ Tissue Resident Memory T Lymphocytes Correlates with Patient Survival in Glioblastoma

2022

Glial tumors alone account for 40% of all CNS tumors and present a low survival rate. The tumor microenvironment is a critical regulator of tumor progression and therapeutic effectiveness in glioma. Growing evidence from numerous studies of human solid tumor-infiltrating CD8(+) T cells indicates that tissue-resident memory T cells (TRM) represent a substantial subpopulation of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs). Although it is reported that some types of cancer patients with high immune infiltration tend to have better outcomes than patients with low immune infiltration, it seems this does not happen in gliomas. This study aimed to characterize TRMs cells in the glioma tumor microenviron…