Search results for "GLOMEROMYCOTA"

Mitochondrial genotyping of isolates of the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus "Glomus intraradices" from the isolate collection of the International Bank…

2011

International audience; The culture collection of the International Bank of Glomeromycota (BEG) provides an important service to scientific community and industry by acting as a repository for well-defined AMF isolates which are made available to the public. The most widely-used species has been referred to as "Glomus intraradices", and was recently renamed Rhizophagus irregularis. This species has emerged as a model organism for experimental research and is the subject of the first AMF genome to be sequenced. The only genetic marker that can currently be used to distinguish strains of R. irregularis in field settings is the mitochondrial large subunit (mtLSU). In addition, genetically dist…

Elucidating the population structure of the ubiquitous arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal species Rhizophagus irregularis: implications for fungal communi…

2012

Do crop genotypes have residual effects on Glomeromycota communities in agro-systems

2006

International audience

The Largest Subunit of RNA Polymerase II as a New Marker Gene to Study Assemblages of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi in the Field

2014

Due to the potential of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF, Glomeromycota) to improve plant growth and soil quality, the influence of agricultural practice on their diversity continues to be an important research question. Up to now studies of community diversity in AMF have exclusively been based on nuclear ribosomal gene regions, which in AMF show high intra-organism polymorphism, seriously complicating interpretation of these data. We designed specific PCR primers for 454 sequencing of a region of the largest subunit of RNA polymerase II gene, and established a new reference dataset comprising all major AMF lineages. This gene is known to be monomorphic within fungal isolates but shows an…

Fungal root endophyte associations of plants endemic to the Pamir Alay Mountains of Central Asia.

2011

The fungal root endophyte associations of 16 species from 12 families of plants endemic to the Pamir Alay Mountains of Central Asia are presented. The plants and soil samples were collected in Zeravshan and Hissar ranges within the central Pamir Alay mountain system. Colonization by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) was found in 15 plant species; in 8 species it was of the Arum type and in 4 of the Paris type, while 3 taxa revealed intermediate arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM) morphology. AMF colonization was found to be absent only in Matthiola integrifolia, the representative of the Brassicaceae family. The AM status and morphology are reported for the first time for all the species analyzed a…

Mycorrhizal benefit differs among the sexes in a gynodioecious species

2010

Both plant sex and arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) symbiosis influence resource acquisition and allocation in plants, but the interaction between these two components is not well established. As the different plant sexes differ in their resource needs and allocation patterns, it is logical to presume that they might differ in their relationship with AM as well. We investigate whether the association with AM symbiosis is different according to the host plant sex in the gynodioecious Geranium sylvaticum, of which, besides female and hermaphrodite plants, intermediate plants are also recognized. Specifically, we examine the effects of two different AM fungi in plant mass allocation and phosphorus …

<p><strong><em>Diversispora valentina</em></strong><strong> (Diversisporaceae), a new species of arbuscular mycor…

2020

A new arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal species, Diversispora valentina, is described and illustrated. In the field, this species is associated with marine dunes located along the Mediterranean coast in eastern Spain. Spores of D. valentina occurred in sporocarps, in clusters, and singly in the soil or inside the roots of Ammophila arenaria (Poaceae), Elymus farctus (Poaceae), Otanthus maritimus (Asteraceae), and Echinophora spinosa (Apiaceae) in the six locations studied. A single-species culture of D. valentina was obtained using Trifolium repens as a host plant. The small subunit internal transcribed spacer and large subunit (SSU-ITS1-5.8S-ITS2-LSU) nrDNA sequences place the new species in t…

Fungal root colonization and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi diversity in soils of grasslands with different mowing intensities

2022

management that has changed in recent decades. The intensity of human-induced disturbances (primarily removal of plant biomass by various methods) has decreased, leading to changes in plant species composition and declines in plant diversity in these communities. So far, no studies have shown how mowing affects fungal communities in both roots and soils and their relation with plant community parameters and soil chemical properties in different grassland types. We thus compared the impact of mowing intensity (low, moderate, high) on root colonization by common root-inhabiting fungi, namely arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), dark septate endophytes (DSE), and Olpidium spp., as well as on AM…

The role of symbiotic arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (Glomeromycota) in roots of the host plant Deschampsia flexuosa in vegetation succession of inland…

2013

Suurin osa maalla elävistä putkilokasvilajeista ja -heimoista elää symbioosissa mykorritsasienten kanssa. Mykorritsatyyppejä on useita, ja näistä yleisin ja vanhin on arbuskelimykorritsasymbioosi, jossa Glomeromycota-sienet muodostavat arbuskelimykorritsaa (AM) kasvien juurien sisällä. Tämä kasvin ja sienen välinen tiivis suhde on molempia osapuolia hyödyttävä symbioosi. Toisenvarainen AM sieni on riippuvainen kasvin tuottamasta orgaanisesta hiilestä, ja vastapalveluksena sieni voi parantaa kasvin ravinteiden- ja vedenottokykyä, sekä suojata tätä taudinaiheuttajilta, tuhohyönteisiltä ja laiduntajilta, sekä parantaa kasvin kuivuudensietokykyä. Vaikuttamalla isäntäkasvien kasvuun ja resurssie…