Search results for "GME"

showing 10 items of 5956 documents

Data from: Habitat discontinuities separate genetically divergent populations of a rocky shore marine fish

2017

Habitat fragmentation has been suggested to be responsible for major genetic differentiations in a range of marine organisms. In this study, we combined genetic data and environmental information to unravel the relative role of geography and habitat heterogeneity on patterns of genetic population structure of corkwing wrasse (Symphodus melops), a rocky shore species at the northern limit of its distribution range in Scandinavia. Our results revealed a major genetic break separating populations inhabiting the western and southern coasts of Norway. This genetic break coincides with the longest stretch of sand in the whole study area, suggesting habitat fragmentation as a major driver of genet…

medicine and health careSymphodus melopsparasitic diseasesfungiLife SciencesMedicinegenetic breakhabitat fragmentationcorkwing wrasse
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Artificial Neural Network Based Abdominal Organ Segmentations: A Review

2015

There are many neural network based abdominal organ segmentation approaches from medical images. Computed tomography images were mostly used in these approaches. Applied techniques are usually based on prior information regarding position, shape, and size of organs in these methods. In the literature, there are only a few neural network based techniques that were implemented to segment abdominal organs from magnetic resonance based images. In this paper, we present these methods and their results.

medicine.diagnostic_testArtificial neural networkbusiness.industryComputer sciencePosition (vector)ComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISIONmedicineMagnetic resonance imagingSegmentationComputer visionComputed tomographyArtificial intelligencebusiness2015 IEEE 14th International Conference on Machine Learning and Applications (ICMLA)
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Segmentation of Positron Emission Tomography Images Using Multi-atlas Anatomical Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)

2021

Positron emission tomography (PET), is a medical imaging technique, it provides information about the body’s cellular function rather than its anatomy. However, due to the functional nature of PET images, locating the anatomical structures in such an image remains a challenging task, indeed, PET images only provide very little anatomical information. Segmentation of PET images, therefore, requires the intervention of a medical expert. The expert proceeds to a manual segmentation of a volume slice by slice, which turns out to be very tedious and costly in terms of time. In this article, we present, evaluate, and make available a multi-atlas approach for automatically segmenting human brain P…

medicine.diagnostic_testComputer sciencebusiness.industryAtlas (topology)Magnetic resonance imagingImage segmentationMutual informationNeuroimagingPositron emission tomographyMedical imagingmedicineSegmentationComputer visionArtificial intelligencebusiness2021 International Conference on Recent Advances in Mathematics and Informatics (ICRAMI)
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Hybrid segmentation and virtual bronchoscopy based on CT images1

2004

Rationale and objectives Introduction of combination of the segmentation tool SegoMeTex and the virtual endoscopy system VIVENDI to perform virtual endoscopic inspections of the human lung. This virtual bronchoscopy system enables visualization of the tracheobronchial tree down to seventh generation. Furthermore, the modified virtual system visualizes hidden structures such as segmented vascular system or tumors. Materials and methods The segmentation is based on image data acquired by a multislice computed tomography scanner. SegoMeTex is used to segment the tracheobronchial tree by a hybrid system with minimal user action. Similarly, the complementary pulmonary arterial can be segmented, …

medicine.diagnostic_testComputer sciencebusiness.industryComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISIONData structureVisualizationRendering (computer graphics)SoftwareBronchoscopyHybrid systemPersonal computermedicineRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingSegmentationComputer visionArtificial intelligencebusinessAcademic Radiology
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An automatic method for metabolic evaluation of gamma knife treatments

2015

Lesion volume delineation of Positron Emission Tomography images is challenging because of the low spatial resolution and high noise level. Aim of this work is the development of an operator independent segmentation method of metabolic images. For this purpose, an algorithm for the biological tumor volume delineation based on random walks on graphs has been used. Twenty-four cerebral tumors are segmented to evaluate the functional follow-up after Gamma Knife radiotherapy treatment. Experimental results show that the segmentation algorithm is accurate and has real-time performance. In addition, it can reflect metabolic changes useful to evaluate radiotherapy response in treated patients.

medicine.diagnostic_testComputer sciencebusiness.industrymedicine.medical_treatmentComputer Science (all)PET imagingPattern recognitionLesion volumeRandom walkGamma knifeTheoretical Computer ScienceRadiation therapyBiological target volumeSegmentationBiological target volume Gamma Knife treatment PET imaging Random walk SegmentationPositron emission tomographymedicineSegmentationRadiotherapy treatmentGamma Knife treatmentArtificial intelligenceNoise levelbusinessImage resolution
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GPCALMA: An Italian mammographic database of digitized images for research

2006

In this work the implementation of a database of digitized mammograms is described. The digitized images were collected since 1999 by a community of physicists in collaboration with radiologists in several Italian hospitals, as a first step in order to develop and implement a Computer Aided Detection (CAD) system. 3369 mammograms were collected from 967 patients; they were classified according to the type and the morphology of the lesions, the type of the breast tissue and the type of pathologies. A dedicated Graphical User Interface was developed for mammography visualization and processing, in order to support the medical diagnosis directly on a high-resolution screen. The database has be…

medicine.diagnostic_testDatabasePoint (typography)business.industryComputer scienceInvasive Lobular Carcinoma Grid Technology Mammographic Image Digitize Mammogram Italian HospitalComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISIONCADcomputer.software_genreVisualizationGrid computingmedicineMedical imagingMammographyMedical diagnosisbusinesscomputerGraphical user interface
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SIFT Texture Description for Understanding Breast Ultrasound Images

2014

Texture is a powerful cue for describing structures that show a high degree of similarity in their image intensity patterns. This paper describes the use of Self-Invariant Feature Transform (SIFT), both as low-level and high-level descriptors, applied to differentiate the tissues present in breast US images. For the low-level texture descriptors case, SIFT descriptors are extracted from a regular grid. The high-level texture descriptor is build as a Bag-of-Features (BoF) of SIFT descriptors. Experimental results are provided showing the validity of the proposed approach for describing the tissues in breast US images.

medicine.diagnostic_testFeature transformbusiness.industryTexture DescriptorInformationSystems_INFORMATIONSTORAGEANDRETRIEVALComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISIONScale-invariant feature transformPattern recognitionTexture (geology)ComputingMethodologies_PATTERNRECOGNITIONmedicineDegree of similarityComputer visionArtificial intelligencebusinessBreast ultrasoundMathematics
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Analysis of complement C3 activation products in human atherosclerotic lesions.

1991

Abstract Cleavage of the complement C3 protein is essential for complement activation. Saline extracts of human atherosclerotic lesions were examined by various techniques for the presence of C3 cleavage fragments. Crossed intermediate gel immunoelectrophoresis revealed that native C3 was the predominate C3 protein in extracts and that the C3dg fragment was also detected. SDS-PAGE/ Western blot analyses of lesion extracts employing monoclonal antibodies directed at C3c and C3dg fragment determinants demonstrated molecular weight bands corresponding to the known molecular weights of all the physiologic C3 cleavage fragments, except Cab which is known to have a short half-life. After C3, the …

medicine.diagnostic_testMolecular massArteriosclerosisBlotting WesternEnzyme-Linked Immunosorbent AssayImmunoelectrophoresisArteriesComplement C3BiologyCleavage (embryo)C3-convertasePeptide FragmentsComplement systemBlotBiochemistryWestern blotComplement C3bmedicineHumansLipid particleCardiology and Cardiovascular MedicineComplement ActivationImmunoelectrophoresisAtherosclerosis
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The number of contacts in random fibre networks

2012

There is a wide range of materials that can be considered as nonwoven random networks of fibres. Such materials include glass-fibre mats, filters, various paper products and structural components of cells and tissues. The mechanical properties of these kinds of networks have been studied extensively for many decades. As many of such networks form more or less two-dimensional structures, they can, to a good approximation, be considered to consist of randomly distributed fibres or filaments connected at their crossings points. Recent development of the resolution of X-ray computed tomography have enabled imaging of the three dimensional structure of such materials with a resolution sufficient…

medicine.diagnostic_testProperty (programming)Computer scienceResolution (electron density)Fiber networkSegment lengthForestryComputed tomographyTopologymedicineRange (statistics)General Materials ScienceDevelopment (differential geometry)TomographyNordic Pulp & Paper Research Journal
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Kinetic analysis of functional images: The case for a practical approach to performance prediction

1999

We present the first parallel medical application for the analysis of dynamic positron emission tomography (PET) images together with a practical performance model. The parallel application may improve the diagnosis for a patient (e. g. in epilepsy surgery) because it enables the fast computation of parametric images on a pixed level as opposed to the traditionally used region of interest (ROI) approach which is applied to determine an average parametric value for a particular anatomic region of the brain. We derive the performance model from the application context and show its relation to abstract machine models. We demonstrate the accuracy of the model to predict the runtime of the appli…

medicine.diagnostic_testRelation (database)Computer sciencebusiness.industryComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISIONFunctional imagingPositron emission tomographyRegion of interestPerformance predictionmedicineArtificial intelligencebusinessAlgorithmParametric statistics
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