Search results for "GRAM-NEGATIVE BACTERIA"
showing 10 items of 118 documents
Human bile microbiota: A retrospective study focusing on age and gender
2021
Aims: The emerging biliary colonization of microorganisms in patients with biliary diseases may be devastating. Recent evidence suggests that age and gender may influence changes in the microbial composition of gut microbiota. To study the relationship between these parameters on bile microbiota, we retrospectively reviewed positive bile cultures following an endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) in a QA-certified academic surgical unit of a single institution. Methods: 449 positive bile cultures from 172 Italian patients with diseases of the biliopancreatic system hospitalized from 2006 through 2017 were investigated for aerobic, anaerobic, and fungal organisms. The patient…
Predicting resistant etiology in hospitalized patients with blood cultures positive for Gram-negative bacilli
2018
Abstract Objective To develop a risk-scoring tool to predict multidrug-resistant (MDR) etiology in patients with bloodstream infections (BSI) caused by Gram-negative bacilli (GNB). Methods A prospective multicenter study analyzed patients with BSI hospitalized in 31 Internal Medicine wards in Italy from March 2012 to December 2012. Patients with BSI caused by MDR-GNB (non-susceptible to at least one agent in three antimicrobial categories) were compared to those with BSI due to susceptible GNB. A logistic regression to identify predictive factors of MDR-GNB was performed and the odds ratio (OR) were calculated. A score to predict the risk of MDR was developed. Results Of 533 BSI episodes, 2…
Colonization of pressure ulcers by multidrug-resistant microorganisms in patients receiving home care
2011
Colonization and/or infection with multidrug-resistant microorganisms (MDRO) of pressure ulcers in patients receiving care at home have seldom been investigated. The objective of this study was to assess the prevalence of MDRO colonization in pressure ulcers of patients receiving home care in Palermo, Italy. Vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE), methicillinresistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), and multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacilli (MDRGN) were isolated, identifi ed, and characterized from pressure ulcers and selected home environment surfaces. Thirty-two patients were enrolled, of whom 12 were under antimicrobial therapy. Five patients had been admitted to hospital in the prece…
Neonatal sepsis caused by Ralstonia pickettii
2008
e describe the clinical case of apremature newborn, born at 26weeks by cesarean delivery, followed inthe neonatal intensive care unit. Themother was diabetic with adequate con-trol during pregnancy.Neonatal weight was 930 g;APGAR score 3 at 1 minute and 8 at 5minutes. She received forced ventilationby endotracheal tube and parenteralnutrition by a central venous catheter.She was treated with ampicillin for thefirst 20 days of life. At 25 days, apneaand bradychardia episodes occurredwith a progressive increment in sever-ity and frequency. Leukocytes, C-re-active protein, cerebral echography,and echocardiogram were normal.Oralfeeding was transiently stopped and rani-tidine treatment was starte…
CSF shunt infections in children
1993
The incidence of shunt infections and possible risk factors was investigated by chart analysis. From 1986 to 1989 350 shunt procedures were performed including 273 ventriculoperitoneal shunts and 75 ventriculoatrial shunts. Twenty-eight infectious episodes (8%) occurred in 25 patients during a median follow-up time of 20 months. For 204 patients the follow-up time could be prolonged until September 1992. In these patients no infectious episodes occurred in the extended observation period. In 24 cases (85.7%) a causative organism could be isolated. The infecting organisms were gram-positive cocci in 22 cases (78.6%) and gram-negative bacilli in two cases. The main signs and symptoms were fev…
Efficacy of immunoglobulins in gram-negative infections in experimentally induced peritonitis in the rat
1985
The effect of adjuvantly administered, newly developed immunoglobulin preparations in combination with an antibiotic is investigated by means of an animal experimental model. The animal model was peritonitis which was induced by a left-open colotomy in the rat. Administration of a combination therapy of immunoglobulins and an antibiotic succeeded in reducing lethality and shock index (according to Staub [15]) significantly by up to 50% as compared to the untreated control group. Using sub-therapeutic dosage of the antibiotic (50% of the human equivalent dose) the synergistic effect of the immunoglobulins could be confirmed clearly. A single summation of the offered immunoglobulin preparatio…
Effect of antibiotic treatment on vegetation size and complication rate in infective endocarditis
1997
Background: Infective endocarditis is associated with significant morbidity and mortality, with valvular destruction, and with congestive heart failure. Embolic events are more common in patients with echocardiographically discernible vegetations, especially when vegetations are >10 mm in diameter. Hypothesis: The objective of the study was to follow vegetation morphology during native valve endocarditis, to compare it with the clinical course and antibiotic treatment chosen, and to evaluate whether the impact on vegetation size and complication rate of antibiotic regimens differed in patients with positive and negative blood cultures. Methods: The effect of different antibiotic regimes on …
Surveillance of multidrug-resistant gram-negative bacilli in a neonatal intensive care unit: prominent role of cross transmission
2007
Background Multidrug-resistant gram-negative bacilli (MDRGN) are an important cause of nosocomial infections in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs). We conducted a 1-year prospective surveillance study in an NICU to assess the epidemiology of MDRGN among newborns and the relative importance of acquisition routes. Methods Neonates admitted at the NICU of the Dipartimento Materno-Infantile, University Hospital, Palermo, Italy, from January 7, 2003, to January 6, 2004, were included in the study. Colonization of patients with MDRGN was assessed by cultures of rectal swabs sampled twice a week. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis was used to determine relatedness among MDRGN isolates. Extended-s…
Er:YAG laser treatment in supportive periodontal therapy.
2012
To assess clinical and microbiological outcomes of an Er:YAG laser in comparison with sonic debridement in the treatment of persistent periodontal pockets in a prospective randomized controlled multicentre study design.A total of 78 patients in supportive periodontal therapy with two residual pockets were included, 58 were available for the whole follow-up period. Root surfaces were instrumented either with a sonic scaler (Sonicflex(®) 2003 L) or with an Er:YAG laser (KEY Laser(®) 3). Clinical attachment levels (CAL), Probing depths (PD), Plaque control record (PCR) and Bleeding on probing (BOP) were assessed at baseline, 13 and 26 weeks after treatment. In addition, microbiological analysi…
Genome-Wide Expression Profiles in Very Low Birth Weight Infants With Neonatal Sepsis
2014
BACKGROUND: Bacterial sepsis is associated with high morbidity and mortality in preterm infants. However, diagnosis of sepsis and identification of the causative agent remains challenging. Our aim was to determine genome-wide expression profiles of very low birth weight (VLBW) infants with and without bacterial sepsis and assess differences. METHODS: This was a prospective observational double-cohort study conducted in VLBW (<1500 g) infants with culture-positive bacterial sepsis and non-septic matched controls. Blood samples were collected as soon as clinical signs of sepsis were identified and before antibiotics were initiated. Total RNA was processed for genome-wide expression an…