Search results for "GRAVITATION"

showing 10 items of 743 documents

Deep-seated gravitational slope deformations in western Sicily: Controlling factors, triggering mechanisms, and morphoevolutionary models

2014

Abstract A study of deep-seated gravitational slope deformation (DSGSD) phenomena affecting areas of various geological and geomorphological settings in western Sicily is described. Western Sicily is underlain by a thin-skinned imbricate wedge of Meso–Cenozoic carbonate and siliciclastic rocks that formed by the stacking of several thrust nappes over the Iblean foreland. Locally, the original thrust sheets are folded and cut by high-angle faults. Large areas of western Sicily now display high relief energy due to Plio-Pleistocene block-faulting and uplifting, and the Quaternary morphogenetic phases are characterised by incision, thereby triggering widespread DSGSDs. To identify controlling …

Settore GEO/04 - Geografia Fisica E GeomorfologiaThrustNappechemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryMarlCarbonate rockCarbonateDeep-seated gravitational slope deformation Controlling factor Triggering cause Morphoevolutionary model Western Sicily ItalySiliciclasticPetrologyQuaternaryForeland basinSeismologyGeologyEarth-Surface Processes
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Axisymmetric simulations of magnetorotational core collapse: approximate inclusion of general relativistic effects

2006

We continue our investigations of the magnetorotational collapse of stellar cores discussing simulations performed with a modified Newtonian gravitational potential that mimics general relativistic effects. The approximate TOV potential used in our simulations catches several features of fully relativistic simulations quite well. It is able to correctly reproduce the behavior of models which show a qualitative change both of the dynamics and the gravitational wave signal when switching from Newtonian to fully relativistic simulations. If this is not the case, the Newtonian and the approximate TOV models differ quantitatively. The collapse proceeds to higher densities with the approximate TO…

Shock waveMagnetohydrodynamics (MHD)Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaFOS: Physical sciencesAstrophysicsAstrophysicsUNESCO::ASTRONOMÍA Y ASTROFÍSICAGravitational wavesGravitational potentialNewtonian fluidDifferential rotationPhysicsGravitational waveAstrophysics (astro-ph)Astronomy and AstrophysicsMechanicsNuclear matterStars:ASTRONOMÍA Y ASTROFÍSICA::Cosmología y cosmogonia [UNESCO]Magnetic fieldSupernovaeSpace and Planetary ScienceMagnetic fieldsMagnetohydrodynamics (MHD) ; Gravitational waves ; Stars ; Magnetic fields ; SupernovaeUNESCO::ASTRONOMÍA Y ASTROFÍSICA::Cosmología y cosmogoniaRelativistic quantum chemistry:ASTRONOMÍA Y ASTROFÍSICA [UNESCO]
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Capturing shock waves in inelastic granular gases

2005

Shock waves in granular gases generated by hitting an obstacle at rest are treated by means of a shock capturing scheme that approximates the Euler equations of granular gas dynamics with an equation of state (EOS), introduced by Goldshtein and Shapiro [J. Fluid Mech. 282 (1995) 75-114], that takes into account the inelastic collisions of granules. We include a sink term in the energy balance to account for dissipation of the granular motion by collisional inelasticity, proposed by Haff [J. Fluid Mech. 134 (1983) 401-430], and the gravity field added as source terms. We have computed the approximate solution to a one-dimensional granular gas falling on a plate under the acceleration of grav…

Shock wavePhysicsNumerical AnalysisEquation of statePhysics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)Applied MathematicsInelastic collisionEnergy balanceGas dynamicsDissipationComputer Science ApplicationsEuler equationsComputational Mathematicssymbols.namesakeClassical mechanicsGravitational fieldModeling and SimulationsymbolsJournal of Computational Physics
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Incoherent Dispersive Shocks and Spectral Collapse

2014

We predict the existence of incoherent dispersive shock waves and collapse-like singularities that occur in the spectral evolution of incoherent optical waves propagating in a noninstantaneous nonlinear medium.

Shock wavePhysicsWavefrontTurbulenceIncoherent scatterComputational physicsNOsymbols.namesakeQuantum mechanicsNonlinear mediumsymbolsGravitational singularityRaman scatteringCoherence (physics)
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Impact of self-steepening on incoherent dispersive spectral shocks and collapse-like spectral singularities

2014

International audience; Incoherent dispersive shock waves and collapselike singularities have been recently predicted to occur in the spectral evolution of an incoherent optical wave that propagates in a noninstantaneous nonlinear medium. Here we extend this work by considering the generalized nonlinear Schrödinger equation. We show that self-steepening significantly affects these incoherent spectral singularities: (i) It leads to a delay in the development of incoherent dispersive shocks, and (ii) it arrests the incoherent collapse singularity. Furthermore, we show that the spectral collapselike behavior can be exploited to achieve a significant enhancement (by two orders of magnitudes) of…

Shock wavespecklesIncoherent scatterDegree of coherencespeckles steepening shock waves01 natural sciencesNO010305 fluids & plasmasSingularity[ MATH.MATH-AP ] Mathematics [math]/Analysis of PDEs [math.AP][NLIN.NLIN-PS]Nonlinear Sciences [physics]/Pattern Formation and Solitons [nlin.PS]Quantum mechanicsNonlinear medium0103 physical sciences[MATH.MATH-AP]Mathematics [math]/Analysis of PDEs [math.AP][ NLIN.NLIN-PS ] Nonlinear Sciences [physics]/Pattern Formation and Solitons [nlin.PS]010306 general physicsPhysicsstatistical opticsshock wavesAtomic and Molecular Physics and Optics[MATH.MATH-PR]Mathematics [math]/Probability [math.PR]Nonlinear systemQuantum electrodynamicsGravitational singularitysteepening[ MATH.MATH-PR ] Mathematics [math]/Probability [math.PR]Coherence (physics)
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Supernova 1987A: a Template to Link Supernovae to their Remnants

2015

The emission of supernova remnants reflects the properties of both the progenitor supernovae and the surrounding environment. The complex morphology of the remnants, however, hampers the disentanglement of the two contributions. Here we aim at identifying the imprint of SN 1987A on the X-ray emission of its remnant and at constraining the structure of the environment surrounding the supernova. We performed high-resolution hydrodynamic simulations describing SN 1987A soon after the core-collapse and the following three-dimensional expansion of its remnant between days 1 and 15000 after the supernova. We demonstrated that the physical model reproducing the main observables of SN 1987A during …

Shock wavesupernovae: individual (SN 1987A)Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaFOS: Physical sciencesAstrophysicsAstrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic AstrophysicsPower lawSpectral lineGravitational collapseAstrophysics::Solar and Stellar AstrophysicsHydrodynamics instabilities ISM: supernova remnants shock waves supernovae: individual (SN 1987A) X-rays: ISM.EjectaAstrophysics::Galaxy AstrophysicsISM: supernova remnantsHigh Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)PhysicsNebulaAstronomy and AstrophysicsObservableshock wavesX-rays: ISMhydrodynamics instabilities ISM: supernova remnants shock waves supernovae: individual: SN 1987A X-rays: ISMSupernovainstabilitiesSpace and Planetary ScienceHydrodynamicsAstrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
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Neck and Shoulder Muscle Activation Among Experienced and Inexperienced Pilots in +Gz Exposure

2017

Background The aim of the present study was to compare differences in electromyography (EMG) activation of the neck and shoulder muscles between groups of inexperienced and experienced pilots during controlled +Gz exposure in a centrifuge. Methods The subjects were volunteer cadets (inexperienced group) and lieutenants (experienced group) undergoing their first centrifuge training. The first group did not have any high performance aircraft (HPA) experience, while the latter one had a 1-yr experience of intense flying of HPA. During the centrifuge run, EMG activity was recorded from the left and right shoulder, neck flexor, and neck extensor muscles. Results The pilots without HPA experience…

Shoulderelectromyographymedicine.medical_specialtyhigh performance aircraftCentrifugationHypergravityElectromyographycervical spineYoung Adult03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicinePhysical medicine and rehabilitationNeck MusclesHumHumansMedicine0501 psychology and cognitive sciences050102 behavioral science & comparative psychologyMuscle activityMuscle Skeletalta315VolunteerFinlandmedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industry05 social sciences030208 emergency & critical care medicineMuscle activationta3142General MedicineAnatomyShoulder muscleNeck musclesG forcePilotsMilitary PersonnelAerospace MedicineAviation medicinebusinessGravitationAerospace Medicine and Human Performance
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Cell-average WENO with progressive order of accuracy close to discontinuities with applications to signal processing

2020

In this paper we translate to the cell-average setting the algorithm for the point-value discretization presented in S. Amat, J. Ruiz, C.-W. Shu, D. F. Y\'a\~nez, A new WENO-2r algorithm with progressive order of accuracy close to discontinuities, submitted to SIAM J. Numer. Anal.. This new strategy tries to improve the results of WENO-($2r-1$) algorithm close to the singularities, resulting in an optimal order of accuracy at these zones. The main idea is to modify the optimal weights so that they have a nonlinear expression that depends on the position of the discontinuities. In this paper we study the application of the new algorithm to signal processing using Harten's multiresolution. Se…

Signal processing0209 industrial biotechnologyDiscretizationComputer science02 engineering and technologyClassification of discontinuitiesCell-averageMathematics::Numerical Analysis020901 industrial engineering & automationImproved adaption to discontinuitiesNew optimal weightsPosition (vector)Multiresolution schemesFOS: Mathematics0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringMathematics - Numerical AnalysisSignal processingWENO65D05 65D17 65M06 65N0612 MatemáticasApplied MathematicsOrder of accuracyMatemática Aplicada020206 networking & telecommunicationsNumerical Analysis (math.NA)Expression (mathematics)Computational MathematicsNonlinear systemGravitational singularityAlgorithmApplied Mathematics and Computation
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Deep learning algorithms for gravitational waves core-collapse supernova detection

2021

The detection of gravitational waves from core-collapse supernova (CCSN) explosions is a challenging task, yet to be achieved, in which it is key the connection between multiple messengers, including neutrinos and electromagnetic signals. In this work, we present a method for detecting these kind of signals based on machine learning techniques. We tested its robustness by injecting signals in the real noise data taken by the Advanced LIGO-Virgo network during the second observation run, O2. We trained three newly developed convolutional neural networks using time-frequency images corresponding to injections of simulated phenomenological signals, which mimic the waveforms obtained in 3D nume…

Signal-to-noise ratioNoise (signal processing)Computer sciencebusiness.industryGravitational waveRobustness (computer science)Deep learningArtificial intelligencebusinessConvolutional neural networkAlgorithmTime–frequency analysisConstant false alarm rate2021 International Conference on Content-Based Multimedia Indexing (CBMI)
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Harmonic maps and singularities of period mappings

2015

We use simple methods from harmonic maps to investigate singularities of period mappings at infinity. More precisely, we derive a harmonic map version of Schmid’s nilpotent orbit theorem. MSC Classification 14M27, 58E20

Simple (abstract algebra)Applied MathematicsGeneral Mathematicsmedia_common.quotation_subjectMathematical analysisHarmonic mapNilpotent orbitGravitational singularityMathematics::Representation TheoryInfinityPeriod (music)media_commonMathematicsProceedings of the American Mathematical Society
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