Search results for "GRAVITATION"

showing 10 items of 743 documents

Twin paradox in curved spacetime

2022

The twin paradox has played an important role in the history of special relativity (SR). A precise calculation would require the application of the general theory of relativity (GR) but, neglecting the acceleration phases of the traveling twin, even in SR it is possible to find the correct solution without logical contradictions. Nowadays it is well known that the twin thought experiment seems a paradox as a consequence of a naive application of time dilation and the principle of relativity. The twin who goes on space travel is the one who, returning to the twin at rest, finds the aged brother. Continuing in this pedagogical tradition, we want to add a further consideration. In fact, the ex…

Twin paradoxgeneral relativityGeneral Physics and Astronomygravitational time dilationEducation
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Rescaling principle for isolated essential singularities of quasiregular mappings

2012

We establish a rescaling theorem for isolated essential singularities of quasiregular mappings. As a consequence we show that the class of closed manifolds receiving a quasiregular mapping from a punctured unit ball with an essential singularity at the origin is exactly the class of closed quasiregularly elliptic manifolds, that is, closed manifolds receiving a non-constant quasiregular mapping from a Euclidean space.

Unit sphereEssential singularityClass (set theory)Pure mathematicsmath.CVMathematics - Complex VariablesMathematics::Complex VariablesEuclidean spacemath.MGApplied MathematicsGeneral MathematicsPrimary 30C65 Secondary 53C21 32H02010102 general mathematics16. Peace & justiceMathematics::Geometric Topology01 natural sciencesRescaling010101 applied mathematicsQuasiregular mappingMathematics - Metric GeometryIsolated essential singularities111 MathematicsGravitational singularity0101 mathematicsMathematicsProceedings of the American Mathematical Society
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Search for transient sources with the ANTARES and KM3NeT neutrino telescopes in the multi-messenger astronomy era

2020

En el presente manuscrito se expone el trabajo realizado en el seno de la Collaboración ANTARES-KM3NeT sobre la astronomía multi-mensanjero con neutrinos, que se ha enfocado en dos ejes: la detección de neutrinos de supernova a bajas energías (MeV) con los telecopios KM3NeT y la búsqueda de neutrinos de alta energía (TeV-PeV) en ANTARES en coincidencia con fuentes transitorias detectadas en ondas gravitationales o rayos gamma de muy alta energía O(TeV). El primer análisis, explora la capacidad de los telescopios de neutrinos KM3NeT para detectar la señal de una explosión de supernova (CCSN), así como el potencial de explotar dicha detección para aprender sobre la física que hay detrás, en p…

UniversastroparticlesAstroparticulesTransitoire[PHYS.PHYS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]astrophysicsUNESCO::FÍSICAneutrinosmulti-messengerUNESCO::ASTRONOMÍA Y ASTROFÍSICATransientsgravitational waves:FÍSICA [UNESCO]supernovaHaute energieMulti-messagershigh-energyAstrophysique:ASTRONOMÍA Y ASTROFÍSICA [UNESCO]
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A MODEL FOR VESTIBULAR FUNCTION IN ALTERED GRAVITATIONAL STATES

1979

ABSTRACT During evolution, the vestibular organ was made to serve mainly two purposes: 1) to guide eye movements during sharp turns, so that the point of fixation in the visual field can be kept steady, a function accomplished by the semicircular canal system and 2) to indicate the terrestrial vertical, so that upright posture and gait can be maintained even in the dark. The otolith system serves the latter purpose. Since the function of the semicircular canal system does not depend on gravity, it is not grossly disturbed by gravitational levels different from 1 g . The proper function of the otolith system depends entirely on the presence of a gravitational force vector of 9.8/m/sec2 direc…

Vestibular systemGravitationPhysicsHypergravityInertial frame of referencemedicine.anatomical_structureSemicircular canalWeightlessnessFixation (visual)medicineAnatomyMechanicsOtolith
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Constraining the spin-dependent WIMP-nucleon cross sections with XENON1T

2019

We report the first experimental results on spin-dependent elastic weakly interacting massive particle (WIMP) nucleon scattering from the XENON1T dark matter search experiment. The analysis uses the full ton year exposure of XENON1T to constrain the spin-dependent proton-only and neutron-only cases. No significant signal excess is observed, and a profile likelihood ratio analysis is used to set exclusion limits on the WIMP-nucleon interactions. This includes the most stringent constraint to date on the WIMP-neutron cross section, with a minimum of 6.3 × 10−42 cm2 at 30 GeV/c2 and 90% confidence level. The results are compared with those from collider searches and used to exclude new paramet…

WIMP nucleon: interactionWIMP nucleon: scatteringParticle physicsCosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)IsoscalarDark matterNuclear TheoryMassive particleGeneral Physics and AstronomyFOS: Physical sciencesParameter spacedark matter: direct detectionGravitation and Astrophysicsspin: dependence01 natural scienceslaw.inventionHigh Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)WIMPlawisoscalar0103 physical sciencesS046DM1mediation010306 general physicsColliderPseudovectorPhysicsS030DN2S030DN1S030DP3S030DN3S030DP2S030DP1WIMP nucleon: cross sectionaxial-vectorHigh Energy Physics - PhenomenologyWIMPs Spin Dependent Cross Sections Neutron Cross Sections Likelihood methoddark matter: scattering[PHYS.HPHE]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Phenomenology [hep-ph]High Energy Physics::ExperimentNucleon[PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysicsexperimental results
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A relativistic approach to gravitational instability in the expanding Universe: second-order Lagrangian solutions

1994

A Lagrangian relativistic approach to the non--linear dynamics of cosmological perturbations of an irrotational collisionless fluid is considered. Solutions are given at second order in perturbation theory for the relevant fluid and geometric quantities and compared with the corresponding ones in the Newtonian approximation. Specifically, we compute the density, the volume expansion scalar, the shear, the ``electric" part, or tide, and the ``magnetic" part of the Weyl tensor. The evolution of the shear and the tide beyond the linear regime strongly depends on the ratio of the characteristic size of the perturbation to the cosmological horizon distance. For perturbations on sub--horizon scal…

Weyl tensorPhysicsGravitational waveAstrophysics (astro-ph)FOS: Physical sciencesPerturbation (astronomy)Astronomy and AstrophysicsAstrophysicsConservative vector fieldMetric expansion of spaceGeneral Relativity and Quantum Cosmologysymbols.namesakeClassical mechanicsSpace and Planetary ScienceHubble volumesymbolsNewtonian fluidPerturbation theory (quantum mechanics)Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
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Rotation Forms and Local Hamiltonian Monodromy

2017

International audience; The monodromy of torus bundles associated with completely integrable systems can be computed using geometric techniques (constructing homology cycles) or analytic arguments (computing discontinuities of abelian integrals). In this article, we give a general approach to the computation of monodromy that resembles the analytical one, reducing the problem to the computation of residues of polar 1-forms. We apply our technique to three celebrated examples of systems with monodromy (the champagne bottle, the spherical pendulum, the hydrogen atom) and to the case of non-degenerate focus-focus singularities, re-obtaining the classical results. An advantage of this approach …

[ MATH ] Mathematics [math]Pure mathematicsIntegrable systemFOCUS-FOCUS SINGULARITIESmath-phFOS: Physical sciencesDynamical Systems (math.DS)Homology (mathematics)01 natural sciencesSingularityMathematics::Algebraic Geometrymath.MPSYSTEMS0103 physical sciencesFOS: Mathematics0101 mathematicsAbelian groupMathematics - Dynamical Systems[MATH]Mathematics [math]010306 general physicsMathematics::Symplectic GeometryMathematical PhysicsMathematicsNEIGHBORHOODS[PHYS]Physics [physics][ PHYS ] Physics [physics]010102 general mathematicsSpherical pendulumStatistical and Nonlinear PhysicsTorusMathematical Physics (math-ph)37JxxMonodromyStatistical and Nonlinear Physics; Mathematical PhysicsGravitational singularityPOINTSmath.DS
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Geometric and numerical techniques to compute conjugate and cut loci on Riemannian surfaces

2014

International audience; We combine geometric and numerical techniques - the Hampath code - to compute conjugate and cut loci on Riemannian surfaces using three test bed examples: ellipsoids of revolution, general ellipsoids, and metrics with singularities on S2 associated to spin dynamics.

[ MATH.MATH-OC ] Mathematics [math]/Optimization and Control [math.OC]Code (set theory)Spin dynamicsGeometryspin dynamics01 natural sciencesoptimal controlsymbols.namesakeGaussian curvature0101 mathematicsGeneral ellipsoidMathematics010102 general mathematics[MATH.MATH-OC] Mathematics [math]/Optimization and Control [math.OC]Optimal controlUmbilical pointEllipsoidOptimal controlCalcul parallèle distribué et partagé010101 applied mathematicsSpindynaicssymbolsgeneral ellipsoidGravitational singularity[MATH.MATH-OC]Mathematics [math]/Optimization and Control [math.OC]Conjugate and cut lociConjugate
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Minimum Time Control of the Restricted Three-Body Problem

2012

The minimum time control of the circular restricted three-body problem is considered. Controllability is proved on an adequate submanifold. Singularities of the extremal flow are studied by means of a stratification of the switching surface. Properties of homotopy maps in optimal control are framed in a simple case. The analysis is used to perform continuations on the two parameters of the problem: The ratio of the masses, and the magnitude of the control.

[ MATH.MATH-OC ] Mathematics [math]/Optimization and Control [math.OC]Surface (mathematics)0209 industrial biotechnologyControl and OptimizationApplied MathematicsHomotopy010102 general mathematicsMathematical analysis[MATH.MATH-OC] Mathematics [math]/Optimization and Control [math.OC]02 engineering and technologyThree-body problemOptimal controlSubmanifold01 natural sciencesControllability020901 industrial engineering & automationSimple (abstract algebra)Gravitational singularity[MATH.MATH-OC]Mathematics [math]/Optimization and Control [math.OC]0101 mathematicsMathematicsSIAM Journal on Control and Optimization
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On some Riemannian aspects of two and three-body controlled problems

2009

The flow of the Kepler problem (motion of two mutually attracting bodies) is known to be geodesic after the work of Moser [20], extended by Belbruno and Osipov [2, 21]: Trajectories are reparameterizations of minimum length curves for some Riemannian metric. This is not true anymore in the case of the three-body problem, and there are topological obstructions as observed by McCord et al. [19]. The controlled formulations of these two problems are considered so as to model the motion of a spacecraft within the influence of one or two planets. The averaged flow of the (energy minimum) controlled Kepler problem with two controls is shown to remain geodesic. The same holds true in the case of o…

[ MATH.MATH-OC ] Mathematics [math]/Optimization and Control [math.OC]Work (thermodynamics)Geodesic010102 general mathematicsMathematical analysisMotion (geometry)[MATH.MATH-OC] Mathematics [math]/Optimization and Control [math.OC]Optimal control01 natural sciencesOptimal controlsymbols.namesakeFlow (mathematics)Kepler problemCut and conjugate loci0103 physical sciencesMetric (mathematics)symbolsGeodesic flowTwo and three-body problems49K15 53C20 70Q05Gravitational singularity[MATH.MATH-OC]Mathematics [math]/Optimization and Control [math.OC]0101 mathematics010303 astronomy & astrophysicsMathematics
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