Search results for "GRAZING"
showing 10 items of 143 documents
The Use of Analysis of Weather Types to Complete the Studies of Soil Erosion in Vineyards and Abandoned Areas
2019
This presentation aims to quantify water and soil losses due to rainfall and specific soil management practices in combination with an analysis of which kind of weather type and rainfall event is able to cause specific surface flows and soil loss rates. As study area, we used the specific case of the sloping vineyards of the Montes de Malaga (South Spain). Two different plots were used: one cultivated area and poorly managed abandoned one. The in situ measures were conducted using sediment collectors to estimate sediment yield (g m−1) and surface runoff (L m−1) and an analysis of the weather conditions during each rainfall event using different meteorological sources. The weather types that…
Agriculture and grazing environments
2019
Abstract The increase in world population increases the pressure on soil resources and triggers land degradation. Agricultural and grazing environments are one of the most vulnerable ecosystems to this process. Degradation affects importantly soil fertility. Millions of hectares are affected and soil productivity is endangered. This decreases soil ability to provide ecosystem services in quantity and quality. Managers and decision-makers should be open to adopt environmentally-friendly practices and contribute to land degradation neutrality. This chapter focuses on the problems induced by some of the most common soil degradation processes caused by in agriculture and grazing activities. Rev…
X-ray diffraction of a protein crystal anchored at the air/water interface
1995
We report the first successful in situ x-ray diffraction experiment with a 2D protein array at the lipid/water interface and demonstrate that the order can be controlled via lateral pressure or density. A protein (streptavidin) was bound to a monolayer of biotinylated lipid at the air/water interface, and diffraction of the protein layer could be measured to many orders. Compression of the monolayer changed the diffraction pattern drastically, indicating that the protein structure can be strongly influenced by external parameters like lateral pressure or density. From the width of the peaks, we find that aggregates consisting of as few as 100 monomers contribute to the diffraction. This ind…
Changes in terpene content in milk from pasture-fed cows
2006
International audience
Grasslands and Shrublands of Kazakhstan and Middle Asia
2020
Kazakhstan and Middle Asia comprise 4 million km2 of plains, uplands and tall mountain ranges in the core of the Eurasian continent. The region’s semi-arid climate, grazing pressure by wild and domestic ungulates, and long pastoral tradition, have given rise to a variety of open habitat types and a distinct flora and fauna. Grasslands and shrublands are a natural and dominant vegetation type in the forest-steppe and steppe zone of northern and central Kazakhstan, as part of the Eurasian grassland biome. In Middle Asia, grasslands and shrublands are widespread habitat types in the Tian Shan, Pamir-Alai and Pamir—mountain systems that have been recently acknowledged as a global biodiversity h…
Milk quality as affected by grazing time of day in Mediterranean goats.
2008
We evaluated the effect of grazing time of day on goat milk chemical composition, renneting properties and milk fatty acid profile in a Mediterranean grazing system. Sixteen lactating Girgentana goats were divided into two experimental groups and housed in individual pens, where they received 500 g/d of barley grain. For 5 weeks the two groups were left to graze in two fenced plots on a ryegrass sward as follows: morning group (AM), from 9·00 to 13·00; afternoon group (PM), from 12·00 to 16·00. In selected herbage, water-soluble carbohydrates (WSC) increased in the afternoon (204 v. 174 g/kg dry matter, DM; P=0·01), whereas crude protein (CP) and linolenic acid decreased (respectively, 16·7…
Road verges provide alternative habitats for some, but not all, meadow plants
2021
Questions Agricultural intensification has led to the decline of biodiverse meadows and other semi-natural grasslands. Road verges offer potential alternative habitats for meadow species, but they may not be suitable for all meadow species due to different soil properties, frequent disturbances, pollution or suboptimal management. Are the communities of vascular plants and bryophytes similar or dissimilar to those in mown or grazed meadows? What kind of species are associated with road verges, mown meadows or grazed meadows? How do the habitat types differ in their soil conditions and disturbance intensity? Location The study was conducted on 36 sites in Central Finland. Methods We compared…
Fatty Acids as Biomarkers of the Production Season of Caciocavallo Palermitano Cheese
2021
Simple Summary In the Mediterranean environment, climatic variability determines a discontinuity in the forage availability of pastures. Caciocavallo Palermitano is a cheese obtained from the milk of the Cinisara cattle breed, mainly raised on pasture. The present study investigated the fatty acid profile of cheeses produced in two typical farms in the four seasons of the year, with the aim of identifying specific fatty acids that can be used as biomarkers to discriminate the productions obtained in the different seasons, in order to economically enhance those seasonal productions that have better health characteristics. The results revealed the possibility of distinguishing spring producti…
Dabiskie zālāji Vidzemes augstienes agroainavā: biodaudzveidība un tās saglabāšanas sociālekonomiskie aspekti
2015
Bakalaura darba „Dabiskie zālāji Vidzemes agroainavā: biodaudzveidība un tās saglabāšanas sociālekonomiskie aspekti” mērķis ir noskaidrot dabisko zālāju daudzveidību Vidzemes augstienē un tās saglabāšanas sociālekonomiskos faktorus. Visā Latvijas teritorijā dabisko zālāju platības samazinās, tomēr to saglabāšanai ir liela nozīme, jo dabiskajos zālājos ir ļoti augsta gan dzīvnieku, gan augu sugu daudzveidība. Dabiskie zālāji nespēj pastāvēt bez cilvēka klātbūtnes, tieši tāpēc ir svarīgi zināt iemeslus, kāpēc dabiskie zālāji tiek pamesti vai apsaimniekoti nepareizi. Dabisko zālāju biodaudzveidība Vidzemes augstienē samazinās, zemes īpašnieki novērtē dabas vērtību, bet, ņemot vērā šī brīža aps…
Thin plastic foil X-ray optics with spiral geometry
2007
Winding a plastic foil ribbon into spiral cylinder or spiral cones we can design and build single or multiple reflection X-ray grazing incidence focusing optics with potential applications in Astronomy as well as experimental physics. The use of thin plastic foils from common industrial applications and of a mounting technique which does not require the construction of mandrels make these optics very cost effective. A spiral geometry focusing optic produces an annular image of a point source with the angular size of the annulus depending mainly on the pitch of the winding and the focal length. We use a ray-tracing code to evaluate the performances of cylindrical, and double conical spiral g…