Search results for "GWA"
showing 10 items of 94 documents
Definition and predictability of an OLR based West African monsoon onset
2008
The monsoon onset is documented in terms of latitudinal shift of deep convection areas within the ITCZ using an interpolated version of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Outgoing Longwave Radiation (OLR) at a 5-day time-step over West Africa for the period 1979–2004. Signals in moist convection derived from OLR values lower than 180 W/m2 allow better determination of onset dates (ODs) than the use of other thresholds or of the raw values of OLR. Such ODs are defined without any time filtering or spatial averaging along the meridional plane. They are also significantly correlated with ODs based on other datasets such as the CMAP and Global Precipitation Climatology P…
Time-resolving Analysis of Cryotropic Gelation of Water/Poly(Vinyl Alcohol) Solutions via Small Angle Neutron Scattering
2007
The structural transformations occurring in initially homogeneous aqueous solutions of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) through application of freezing (-13 degrees C) and thawing (20 degrees C) cycles is investigated by time resolving small-angle neutron scattering (SANS). These measurements indicate that formation of gels of complex hierarchical structure arises from occurrence of different elementary processes, involving different length and time scales. The fastest process that could be detected by our measurements during the first cryotropic treatment consists of the crystallization of the solvent. However, solvent crystallization is incomplete, and an unfrozen liquid microphase more concentr…
Genetic determinism of the plasticity of legume seed protein in different environments : role of sulfur metabolism
2021
The renewed interest in plant proteins has stimulated research aimed at developing markers to aid in the selection of legume varieties better adapted to nutritional needs. Among the traits to be improved and stabilized is the amino acid balance of seeds, the essential amino acids methionine and tryptophan being particularly under-represented in legume seeds. This thesis focuses on seed protein composition, which is a major determinant of the seed amino acid balance. The objective was to explore the genetic and environmental variability in this trait and to identify genes potentially involved in its plasticity when subjected to environmental stresses. In the first part of the thesis, the pro…
Plant genotype: a lever in the interactions between plant and its associated rhizosphere microbiome
2018
International audience; In the context of highly pressured agricultural production using low levels of inputs, cropping strategies could take advantage of existing plant-microbiome interactions that can improve both plant growth and health. We believe that plant genetics can provide some clues to better understand the mechanisms underlying microbiome recruitment by the plant.The aims of this work were (i) to assess plant genotype effect on the rhizosphere bacterial communities in relation to the plant nutritional strategies for a core collection of 155 genotypes of Medicago truncatula and (ii) to highlight the genetic determinisms potentially associated in these interactions. To achieve the…
Déterminisme génétique de la composition protéique des graines de légumineuses et de sa plasticité vis-à-vis de l’environnement
2018
Les légumineuses sont capables de produire des graines riches en protéines sans apport d’engrais azoté grâce à la symbiose racinaire avec des bactéries du genre rhizobium. Riches en lysine, ces protéines sont utilisées pour l’alimentation des animaux d’élevage et en nutrition humaine. Afin de promouvoir la culture des légumineuses, il est nécessaire d’optimiser et de stabiliser la qualité de cette fraction protéique. L’objectif de ma thèse est de mettre en évidence les déterminismes génétiques sous-jacents à la teneur et à la composition protéique des graines de légumineuses ainsi qu’à la plasticité de ces composantes vis-à-vis de l’environnement. Afin de répondre à cet objectif, l’approche…
Identification des déterminants génétiques impliqués dans les défenses du pois contre le puceron Acyrthosiphon pisum.
2021
National audience; Le pois (Pisum sativum) constitue une culture d’importance majeure parmi les légumineuses pour ses qualités de plante protéagineuse, notamment en Europe en réduisant la part de protéines végétales importées ainsi que pour son rôle dans la rotation des cultures en fixant l’azote atmosphérique dans le sol. Cependant, ces dernières années, les rendements ont été rendus instables dus aux contraintes biotiques et abiotiques. Pour lutter contre certains ravageurs, les producteurs ont recours à de grandes quantités de pesticides qui sont coûteuses et dangereuses pour l’environnement et la santé humaine. Pour ces raisons, des alternatives sont mises en œuvre tels que le développe…
Déterminisme génétique de la plasticité de la composition protéique des graines de légumineuses vis-à-vis de l'environnement : rôle du métabolisme du…
2021
The renewed interest in plant proteins has stimulated research aimed at developing markers to aid in the selection of legume varieties better adapted to nutritional needs. Among the traits to be improved and stabilized is the amino acid balance of seeds, the essential amino acids methionine and tryptophan being particularly under-represented in legume seeds. This thesis focuses on seed protein composition, which is a major determinant of the seed amino acid balance. The objective was to explore the genetic and environmental variability in this trait and to identify genes potentially involved in its plasticity when subjected to environmental stresses. In the first part of the thesis, the pro…
“This is country”. Observation as Imagination in The Sun Also Rises
2014
National audience; What Hemingway learned from journalism and later, in the 1920s, from his experiments in short stories is an indication of the tenuous distinction that may be drawn between imagined and lived realities in The Sun Also Rises. It was during these years of apprenticeship that Hemingway earned his place amongst a generation of modernist writers who examined and refashioned some of our traditional assumptions...
A two-stage genome-wide association study of sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
2009
The cause of sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is largely unknown, but genetic factors are thought to play a significant role in determining susceptibility to motor neuron degeneration. To identify genetic variants altering risk of ALS, we undertook a two-stage genome-wide association study (GWAS): we followed our initial GWAS of 545 066 SNPs in 553 individuals with ALS and 2338 controls by testing the 7600 most associated SNPs from the first stage in three independent cohorts consisting of 2160 cases and 3008 controls. None of the SNPs selected for replication exceeded the Bonferroni threshold for significance. The two most significantly associated SNPs, rs2708909 and rs2708851 …
O stylizacji gwarowej dyskusyjnie (na materiale wybranych utworów współczesnej prozy polskiej)
2017
Artykuł przedstawia problemy związane z pojęciem „stylizacji gwarowej” i rozbieżnościami w interpretacji zjawiska, jakie odnajdujemy w literaturze przedmiotu. Autor dokonuje krytyczne-go omówienia poglądów takich badaczy problematyki, jak S. Dubisz, A. Wilkoń, T. Kostkiewiczowa, T. Skubalanka. Za podstawę analityczną przyjmuje teorię stylizacji M.R. Mayenowej. Nie każde wprowadzenie do tekstu elementów gwary oznacza stylizację. Stylizacja gwarowa realizuje się przede wszystkim w tekstach stylu artystycznego, ale w utworach literackich jednostki gwarowe mogą być też cytatami bądź elementami realiów świata przedstawionego funkcjonującymi na zasadzie motywu. Autor artykułu omawia i ilustruje p…