Search results for "Gambling"

Expert appraisal of criteria for assessing gaming disorder: An international Delphi study

2021

Background and aims Following the recognition of ‘internet gaming disorder’ (IGD) as a condition requiring further study by the DSM‐5, ‘gaming disorder’ (GD) was officially included as a diagnostic entity by the World Health Organization (WHO) in the eleventh revision of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD‐11). However, the proposed diagnostic criteria for gaming disorder remain the subject of debate, and there has been no systematic attempt to integrate the views of different groups of experts. To achieve a more systematic agreement on this new disorder, this study employed the Delphi expert consensus method to obtain expert agreement on the diagnostic validity, clinical util…

Psychological variables characterizing different types of adolescent gamblers: A discriminant function analysis

2013

Objective: The study examined the effects of attachment attitudes, social support, and psychological and behavioral problems on pathological gambling among adolescents. Method: A total of 268 male adolescents, from 15 to 17 years of age (M = 16.23, SD = .39) completed self-report measures on gambling behaviors, attachment styles, social support, and internalizing and externalizing problems. Results and Conclusions. At-risk and pathological gamblers reported lower level of social support and higher level of fearful attachment and internalizing problems than non problematic-gamblers. Results from a discriminant function analysis, in which two discriminant functions emerged, were consistent wi…

Il disturbo da gioco d'azzardo: la dipendenza patologica come patologia della relazione

2020

Gambling disorder is placed in DSM-5 among addictive disorders in the subsection of “non-substance-related disorders”, defining it as «persistent and recurrent problematic gambling behavior leading to clinically significant impairment or distress, in a 12-month period» (APA, 2013). The aim of this paper, through a review of the literature and a description of a clinical case, is to highlight the relational aspect of the GAP disorder by describing different forms of “relationship pathology” among its main effects. National and international literature highlights how the gambling represents a traumatic family experience, that involves all the systems of the player life with both human and soc…

Il gioco d'azzardo patologico

2008

Il gioco d’azzardo rappresenta la più antica e studiata tra le dipendenze senza droga. Presente sin dalle epoche più antiche, negli anni è stato oggetto di numerose ricerche e di svariati modelli interpretativi (di matrice neurobiologica, psicodinamica, ecc.) rivolti alla conoscenza del gioco – anche nella sua variante tecnologica – come dipendenza comportamentale (con le caratteristiche condizioni di craving, tolleranza, assuefazione, astinenza), all’eziopatogenesi, alla comprensione della personalità del giocatore, con attenzione al giocatore adolescente. Vengono proposti, in particolare, l’inquadramento diagnostico del DSM IV, alcuni spunti interpretativi di matrice psicodinamica, il mod…

Interpreting Connexive Principles in Coherence-Based Probability Logic

2021

We present probabilistic approaches to check the validity of selected connexive principles within the setting of coherence. Connexive logics emerged from the intuition that conditionals of the form If \(\mathord {\thicksim }A\), then A, should not hold, since the conditional’s antecedent \(\mathord {\thicksim }A\) contradicts its consequent A. Our approach covers this intuition by observing that for an event A the only coherent probability assessment on the conditional event \(A|\bar{A}\) is \(p(A|\bar{A})=0\). Moreover, connexive logics aim to capture the intuition that conditionals should express some “connection” between the antecedent and the consequent or, in terms of inferences, valid…

The Italian Mafia. An Industry of Leisure

2013

Conjunction, Disjunction and Iterated Conditioning of Conditional Events

2013

Starting from a recent paper by S. Kaufmann, we introduce a notion of conjunction of two conditional events and then we analyze it in the setting of coherence. We give a representation of the conjoined conditional and we show that this new object is a conditional random quantity, whose set of possible values normally contains the probabilities assessed for the two conditional events. We examine some cases of logical dependencies, where the conjunction is a conditional event; moreover, we give the lower and upper bounds on the conjunction. We also examine an apparent paradox concerning stochastic independence which can actually be explained in terms of uncorrelation. We briefly introduce the…

Probabilistic semantics for categorical syllogisms of Figure II

2018

A coherence-based probability semantics for categorical syllogisms of Figure I, which have transitive structures, has been proposed recently (Gilio, Pfeifer, & Sanfilippo [15]). We extend this work by studying Figure II under coherence. Camestres is an example of a Figure II syllogism: from Every P is M and No S is M infer No S is P. We interpret these sentences by suitable conditional probability assessments. Since the probabilistic inference of \(\bar{P}|S\) from the premise set \(\{M|P,\bar{M}|S\}\) is not informative, we add \(p(S|(S \vee P))>0\) as a probabilistic constraint (i.e., an “existential import assumption”) to obtain probabilistic informativeness. We show how to propagate the…

Predictors of early dropout in treatment for gambling disorder: The role of personality disorders and clinical syndromes

2017

Several treatment options for gambling disorder (GD) have been tested in recent years; however dropout levels still remain high. This study aims to evaluate whether the presence of psychiatric comorbidities predicts treatment outcome according to Millon's evolutionary theory, following a six-month therapy for GD. The role of severity, duration of the disorder, typology of gambling (mainly online or offline) and pharmacological treatment were also analysed. The recruitment included 194 pathological gamblers (PGs) to be compared with 78 healthy controls (HCs). Psychological assessment included the South Oaks Gambling Screen and the Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory-III. The "treatment fail…

Heterogeneity in Disordered Gambling: Decision-Making and Impulsivity in Gamblers Grouped by Preferred Form

2019

Background: Previous research has indicated that disordered gamblers display deficits in impulsivity and risky decision-making, compared to healthy control groups. However, disordered gamblers are not a homogenous group, and differences in performance on neurocognitive tasks may be related to the form of gambling in which an individual chooses to engage. The present study used neurocognitive tasks and questionnaire measures to ascertain group differences in gamblers grouped by preferred form of gambling. Method: Treatment-seeking pathological gamblers from the National Problem Gambling Clinic, London (n = 101), completed a neurocognitive assessment comprising the Cambridge gamble task (CGT)…