Search results for "Gamma"

showing 10 items of 3093 documents

The transient gravitational-wave sky

2013

Interferometric detectors will very soon give us an unprecedented view of the gravitational-wave sky, and in particular of the explosive and transient Universe. Now is the time to challenge our theoretical understanding of short-duration gravitational-wave signatures from cataclysmic events, their connection to more traditional electromagnetic and particle astrophysics, and the data analysis techniques that will make the observations a reality. This paper summarizes the state of the art, future science opportunities, and current challenges in understanding gravitational-wave transients.

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)Explosive materialmedia_common.quotation_subjectELECTROMAGNETIC COUNTERPARTSFOS: Physical sciencesGeneral Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)01 natural sciencesGeneral Relativity and Quantum CosmologySPIN-DOWN LIMIT0103 physical sciencesPRESUPERNOVA EVOLUTIONCORE-COLLAPSE010306 general physics010303 astronomy & astrophysicsARMED SPIRAL INSTABILITYmedia_commonHigh Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)Astroparticle physicsPhysicsGAMMA-RAY BURSTSNEUTRINO PAIR ANNIHILATIONGravitational waveAstronomyMASS BLACK-HOLESUniverseBAR-MODE INSTABILITYInterferometrySkyData analysisTransient (oscillation)Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaDRIVEN SUPERNOVAgravitational waves neutron stars black holesAstrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic AstrophysicsClassical and Quantum Gravity
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Multicomponent Exercise Training Combined with Nutritional Counselling Improves Physical Function, Biochemical and Anthropometric Profiles in Obese C…

2020

Aerobics or strength exercise plus diet interventions have been shown to counteract childhood obesity. However, little is known with regard to periodized multicomponent exercise interventions combined with nutritional counselling, which might be less demanding but more enjoyable and respectful of children and adolescents&rsquo

CounselingMalePediatric ObesityPhysical fitnessPilot ProjectsOverweightBody Mass IndexAbsorptiometry Photon0302 clinical medicineinsulin resistanceLongitudinal StudiesProspective Studies030212 general & internal medicineChildNutrition and DieteticsAnthropometryAlanine Transaminasecardiovascular healthgamma-GlutamyltransferaseCombined Modality TherapyExercise TherapyC-Reactive ProteinTreatment Outcomemotor competenceHomeostatic model assessmentFemaleNutrition Therapymedicine.symptomExercise prescriptionlcsh:Nutrition. Foods and food supplymedicine.medical_specialtyAdolescentlcsh:TX341-641030209 endocrinology & metabolismArticleChildhood obesity03 medical and health sciencesPatient Education as Topichealth educationmedicineHumansoverweightbody compositionbusiness.industryCholesterol LDLAnthropometrymedicine.diseaseObesityphysical fitnessPhysical therapybusinessBody mass indexFood ScienceNutrients
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Probing the nature of particle–core couplings in 49Ca with γ spectroscopy and heavy-ion transfer reactions

2011

Neutron rich nuclei around 48Ca have been measured with the CLARA–PRISMA setup, making use of 48Ca on 64Ni binary reactions, at 5.9 MeV/A. Angular distributions of γ rays give evidence, in several transfer channels, for a large spin alignment (≈70%) perpendicular to the reaction plane, making it possible to firmly establish spin and parities of the excited states. In the case of 49Ca, states arising from different types of particle–core couplings are, for the first time, unambiguously identified on basis of angular distribution, polarization and lifetime measurements. Shell model and particle–vibration coupling calculations are used to pin down the nature of the states. Evidence is found fo…

CouplingPhysicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsPhononMagnetic spectrometerPolarization (waves)Multi-nucleon transferGamma spectroscopyExcited stateNeutronGamma spectroscopyParticle–core couplingMulti-nucleon transfer ; Gamma spectroscopy ; Magnetic spectrometer ; Particle–core couplingAtomic physicsSpectroscopyExcitationPhysics Letters B
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Impact of rare diseases in oral health

2016

Background Rare diseases (RD) are those that present a lower prevalence than 5 cases per 10.000 population. The main objective of this review was to study the effect on oral health in rare diseases, while the secondary objective of the study is theme upgrade. Material and Methods Comparative observational case-control studies were analysed and a systematic review was conducted in PubMed. Each rare disease listed on the statistical data record of the Health Portal of the Ministry of Equality, Health and Social Policies Board of Andalusia was associated with “oral health”. The variables studied included dental, oral mucosa and occlusion alterations, oral pathologies (caries, periodontal disea…

Cri-du-Chat SyndromePediatricsmedicine.medical_specialtyCri du Chat SyndromePopulationDentistryOral HealthMouth breathingRett syndromeReviewDental CariesHypogammaglobulinemia03 medical and health sciencesRare Diseases0302 clinical medicinemedicineHumans030212 general & internal medicineOral mucosaeducationGeneral Dentistryeducation.field_of_studybusiness.industry030206 dentistryEnamel hypoplasiaMedically compromised patients in Dentistry:CIENCIAS MÉDICAS [UNESCO]medicine.diseasestomatognathic diseasesmedicine.anatomical_structureOtorhinolaryngologyUNESCO::CIENCIAS MÉDICASBruxismSurgerymedicine.symptombusinessRare diseaseMedicina Oral Patología Oral y Cirugia Bucal
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"Table 3" of "Search for pairs of highly collimated photon-jets in $pp$ collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV with the ATLAS detector"

2018

The observed upper limits on the production cross-section times the product of branching ratios for the benchmark signal scenario involving a scalar particle $X$ with narrow width decaying via $X\rightarrow aa\rightarrow 4\gamma$, $\sigma_X\times B(X\rightarrow aa)\times B(a\rightarrow\gamma\gamma)^2$. The limits for $m_{a}$ = 5 GeV and 10 GeV do not cover as large a range as the other mass points, since the region of interest is limited to $ m_{a} < 0.01 \times m_{X}$.

Cross-section$pp\rightarrow X \rightarrow aa \rightarrow 4\gamma$Observed limit13000Photon-jet
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"Table 4" of "Search for pairs of highly collimated photon-jets in $pp$ collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV with the ATLAS detector"

2018

The expected upper limits on the production cross-section times the product of branching ratios for the benchmark signal scenario involving a scalar particle $X$ with narrow width decaying via $X\rightarrow aa\rightarrow 4\gamma$, $\sigma_X\times B(X\rightarrow aa)\times B(a\rightarrow\gamma\gamma)^2$. The limits for $m_{a}$ = 5 GeV and 10 GeV do not cover as large a range as the other mass points, since the region of interest is limited to $ m_{a} < 0.01 \times m_{X}$. Additionally, the expected limits are not provided for a small number of points, indicated with a hyphen, because of a technical failure with the computation.

Cross-sectionExpected limit$pp\rightarrow X \rightarrow aa \rightarrow 4\gamma$13000Photon-jet
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Room Temperature Instability of E′γ Centers Induced by γ Irradiation in Amorphous SiO2

2008

We study by optical absorption measurements the stability of E'(gamma) centers induced in amorphous silica at room temperature by gamma irradiation up to 79 kGy. A significant portion of the defects spontaneously decay after the end of irradiation, thus allowing the partial recovery of the transparency loss initially induced by irradiation. The decay kinetics observed after gamma irradiation with a 0.6 kGy dose closely resembles that measured after exposure to 2000 pulses of pulsed ultraviolet (4.7 eV) laser light of 40 mJ/cm(2) energy density per pulse. In this regime, annealing is ascribed to the reaction of the induced E'(gamma) centers with diffusing H(2) of radiolytic origin. At higher…

CrystallographyTemperature instabilityChemistryAnalytical chemistrysistemi amorfi difetti di puntoPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryAmorphous silicaγ irradiationAmorphous solidGamma irradiationThe Journal of Physical Chemistry A
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Timing techniques applied to distributed modular high-energy astronomy: the H.E.R.M.E.S. project

2021

The HERMES-TP/SP (High Energy Rapid Modular Ensemble of Satellites -- Technologic and Scientific Pathfinder) is an in-orbit demonstration of the so-called distributed astronomy concept. Conceived as a mini-constellation of six 3U nano-satellites hosting a new miniaturized detector, HERMES-TP/SP aims at the detection and accurate localisation of bright high-energy transients such as Gamma-Ray Bursts. The large energy band, the excellent temporal resolution and the wide field of view that characterize the detectors of the constellation represent the key features for the next generation high-energy all-sky monitor with good localisation capabilities that will play a pivotal role in the future …

CubeSatsHigh energyHigh-energy astronomyReal-time computingFOS: Physical sciences01 natural sciences7. Clean energy010309 opticsX-rays0103 physical sciencesNano-satellitesTemporal triangulationInstrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)010303 astronomy & astrophysicsConstellationHigh Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)Physicsbusiness.industryDetectorAstrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for AstrophysicsModular designPathfinderTemporal resolutionGamma Ray BurstsTransient (oscillation)Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaAstrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for AstrophysicsbusinessSpace Telescopes and Instrumentation 2020: Ultraviolet to Gamma Ray
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Quantum gravity with THESEUS

2021

AbstractIn this paper we explore the possibility to search for a dispersion law for light propagation in vacuo with a sample of Gamma-Ray Bursts detected by the THESEUS satellite. Within Quantum Gravity theories, different models for space-time quantization predict relative discrepancies of the speed of photons w.r.t. the speed of light that (in a series expansion) depend on a given power of the ratio of the photon energy to the Planck energy. This ratio is as small as 10− 23 for photons in the soft γ −ray band (100 keV). The dominant effect is determined by the first significant term of this expansion. If the first order in this expansion is relevant, these theories imply a Lorentz Invaria…

CubeSatsSettore FIS/05 - Astronomia E AstrofisicaAll-sky monitorSpace and Planetary ScienceAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaX-raysQuantum gravityGravitational wave counterpartsAstronomy and AstrophysicsGamma-ray burstsNano-satellitesTemporal triangulationExperimental Astronomy
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The HERMES-Technologic and Scientific Pathfinder

2020

HERMES-TP/SP (High Energy Rapid Modular Ensemble of Satellites Technologic and Scientific Pathfinder) is a constellation of six 3U nano-satellites hosting simple but innovative X-ray detectors, characterized by a large energy band and excellent temporal resolution, and thus optimized for the monitoring of Cosmic High Energy transients such as Gamma Ray Bursts and the electromagnetic counterparts of Gravitational Wave Events, and for the determination of their positions. The projects are funded by the Italian Ministry of University and Research and by the Italian Space Agency, and by the European Union Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Program under Grant Agreement No. 821896. HERMES-TP/S…

CubeSatsmedia_common.quotation_subjectCubeSats; Gamma Ray Bursts; Nano-satellites; X-raysFOS: Physical sciencesAstrophysics01 natural sciences7. Clean energyAstrophysics - Instrumentation and MethodsSettore FIS/05 - Astronomia E Astrofisica0103 physical sciencesX-raysmedia_common.cataloged_instanceEuropean unionAerospace engineeringNano-satellites010306 general physics010303 astronomy & astrophysicsInstrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)media_commonConstellationPhysicsHigh Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)COSMIC cancer databasebusiness.industryGravitational waveModular designPathfinderSkyTemporal resolutionGamma Ray BurstsbusinessAstrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaAstrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
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