Search results for "Gastrointestinal agent"
showing 10 items of 35 documents
Comparison of octreotide and hyoscine butylbromide in controlling gastrointestinal symptoms due to malignant inoperable bowel obstruction
2000
In advanced cancer patients with inoperable bowel obstruction, the administration of antisecretive and antiemetic drugs has proved to be effective in controlling gastrointestinal symptoms caused by bowel obstruction. However, controlled studies concerning the most effective antisecretive drug are lacking. The aim of this randomized controlled study was to determine whether octreotide or hyoscine butylbromide was the more effective antisecretive drug for use in states of inoperable bowel obstruction. Eighteen patients with inoperable bowel obstruction randomly received octreotide 0.3 mg daily (n = 9) or hyoscine butylbromide (HB) 60 mg daily (n = 9) s.c. The following parameters were measure…
Unilateral and irreversible optic neuropathy associated to infliximab treatment: 3-year follow-up.
2016
Sir,We have recently read with interest the article by Clemmensen et al. [1] We presented a similar case [2] and we followed it up for more than 3 years. A 54-year-old female presented sudden-onset...
Pancreatic enzyme therapy in childhood celiac disease. A double-blind prospective randomized study.
1995
The validity of pancreatic enzyme substitution therapy in the two months following diagnosis of celiac disease was investigated. Twenty patients (8 males, 12 females), mean age 14.2 months (group A) received an enzyme substitution preparation. The control group (group B) included 20 patients (9 males, 11 females), mean age 14.5 months, treated with placebo. Before starting treatment, we performed a stratification for age, weight-for-age at diagnosis, and degree of pancreatic insufficiency. The therapies were then administered randomly in double-blind fashion. On diagnosis and 30 and 60 days after commencement of a gluten-free diet with identical calorie intake in both groups, a series of an…
Effectiveness and safety of biologics in pediatric inflammatory boweldisease: Real-life data from the Sicilian Network
2019
Background: Biological therapies have modified the disease course of pediatric inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and are routinely used in clinical practice. Our observational study aims to evaluate effectiveness and safety of biologics in IBD. Method: Clinical benefit and safety data of 93 children with IBD, receiving biologics (Infliximab – IFX, Adalimumab – ADA, Golimumab – GOL) from January 2013 to December 2017, were extracted from the cohort of the Sicilian Network of IBD. Results: Among 87 children aged 7–17 years (63 Crohn's disease [CD], 24 Ulcerative colitis [UC]), 101 out of 108 biologic treatments were considered. Evaluation of 74 biologic treatments in CD patients at 26, 52, 104…
INFLAMMATION IN IRRITABLE BOWEL SYNDROME: MYTH OR NEW TREATMENT TARGET?
2016
Low-grade intestinal inflammation plays a key role in the pathophysiology of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), and this role is likely to be multifactorial. The aim of this review was to summarize the evidence on the spectrum of mucosal inflammation in IBS, highlighting the relationship of this inflammation to the pathophysiology of IBS and its connection to clinical practice. We carried out a bibliographic search in Medline and the Cochrane Library for the period of January 1966 to December 2014, focusing on publications describing an interaction between inflammation and IBS. Several evidences demonstrate microscopic and molecular abnormalities in IBS patients. Understanding the mechanisms u…
Role of Nitric Oxide in Gastrointestinal Inflammatory and Ulcerative Diseases: Perspective for Drugs Development
2001
Nitric oxide is a ubiquitous molecule involved in a variety of biological processes. The specific action of NO depends on its enzymatic sources namely neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS), endothelial NOS (eNOS) and inducible NOS (iNOS) and all three isoforms have been localized in the gastrointestinal tract. Constitutive synthesis of NO by nNOS or eNOS isoforms is involved in the maintaining of the gastrointestinal mucosal integrity through modulation of gastric mucosal blood flow, epithelial secretion and barrier function. However, large amounts of NO synthesized from the inducible isoform have been implicated in tissue injury in the gut during inflammatory reactions. In this review we p…
Optimizing the use of linaclotide in patients with constipation-predominant irritable bowel syndrome : an expert consensus report
2017
INTRODUCTION: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a functional bowel disorder characterized by chronic or recurrent abdominal pain in association with defecation or a change in bowel habits. A predominant disorder of bowel habits, IBS is classified into three main subtypes: constipation-predominant IBS (IBS-C), diarrhea-predominant IBS (IBS-D) and IBS alternating between constipation and diarrhea (IBS-M). Linaclotide is a first-in-class, oral, once-daily guanylate cyclase-C receptor agonist (GC-CA) that is licensed for the symptomatic treatment of moderate-to-severe IBS-C in adults. This review aims to facilitate and optimize clinical practices, establishing common guidelines to monitor patie…
Cytomegalovirus Pneumonia: A Possible Cause of Death in Patients With Crohn's Disease
2013
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Octreotide for malignant bowel obstruction: Twenty years after
2012
Malignant bowel obstruction (MBO) is a challenging complication of advanced cancer. Conservative treatment of inoperable MBO in terminal cancer patients has been found to be effective in controlling the distressing symptoms caused by this complication in inoperable cancer patients. Twenty years ago, octreotide was proposed to treat symptoms related to malignant bowel obstruction. Since then several reports have confirmed the efficacy of octreotide in the management of gastrointestinal symptoms of MBO. Fifteen randomized controlled trials or observational reports with a significant number of patients treated with octreotide have been reviewed; 281 patients were surveyed. Authors reported a t…
Optimization of the treatment with immunosuppressants and biologics in inflammatory bowel disease
2014
Many placebo controlled trials and meta-analyses evaluated the efficacy of different drugs for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), including immunosuppressants and biologics. Their use is indicated in moderate to severe disease in non responders to corticosteroids and in steroid-dependent patients, as induction and maintainance treatment. Infliximab, as well as cyclosporine, is considered a second line therapy in the case of severe ulcerative colitis, or non-responders to intravenous corticosteroids. An adequate dosage and duration of therapy with thiopurines should be reached before evaluating their efficacy. Methotrexate is a valid option in patients with Crohn’s disease bu…