Search results for "Gee"

Genome-wide meta-analyses of multiancestry cohorts identify multiple new susceptibility loci for refractive error and myopia

2013

Refractive error is the most common eye disorder worldwide and is a prominent cause of blindness. Myopia affects over 30% of Western populations and up to 80% of Asians. The CREAM consortium conducted genome-wide meta-analyses, including 37,382 individuals from 27 studies of European ancestry and 8,376 from 5 Asian cohorts. We identified 16 new loci for refractive error in individuals of European ancestry, of which 8 were shared with Asians. Combined analysis identified 8 additional associated loci. The new loci include candidate genes with functions in neurotransmission (GRIA4), ion transport (KCNQ5), retinoic acid metabolism (RDH5), extracellular matrix remodeling (LAMA2 and BMP2) and eye…

Gene expression in TGFbeta-induced epithelial cell differentiation in a three-dimensional intestinal epithelial cell differentiation model

2006

Abstract Background The TGFβ1-induced signal transduction processes involved in growth and differentiation are only partly known. The three-dimensional epithelial differentiation model, in which T84 epithelial cells are induced to differentiate either with TGFβ1 or IMR-90 mesenchymal cell-secreted soluble factors, is previously shown to model epithelial cell differentiation seen in intestine. That model has not been used for large scale gene expression studies, such as microarray method. Therefore the gene expression changes were studied in undifferentiated and differentiated three-dimensional T84 cultures with cDNA microarray method in order to study the molecular changes and find new play…

Protein interactions of GTP-ase of immunity associated protein 3

2014

Changes in gene expression linked with adult reproductive diapause in a northern malt fly species: a candidate gene microarray study

2010

Background: Insect diapause is an important biological process which involves many life-history parameters important for survival and reproductive fitness at both individual and population level. Drosophila montana, a species of D. virilis group, has a profound photoperiodic reproductive diapause that enables the adult flies to survive through the harsh winter conditions of high latitudes and altitudes. We created a custom-made microarray for D. montana with 101 genes known to affect traits important in diapause, photoperiodism, reproductive behaviour, circadian clock and stress tolerance in model Drosophila species. This array gave us a chance to filter out genes showing expression changes…

Genome-wide association study identifies five loci associated with lung function

2010

Pulmonary function measures are heritable traits that predict morbidity and mortality and define chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). We tested genome-wide association with forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) and the ratio of FEV1 to forced vital capacity (FVC) in the SpiroMeta consortium (n = 20,288 individuals of European ancestry). We conducted a meta-analysis of top signals with data from direct genotyping (n ≤ 32,184 additional individuals) and in silico summary association data from the CHARGE Consortium (n = 21,209) and the Health 2000 survey (n ≤ 883). We confirmed the reported locus at 4q31 and identified associations with FEV1 or FEV1/FVC and common variants at five ad…

De novo RNA sequencing enables transcriptome studies in non-model species : gene expression patterns involved in Drosophila montana reproductive diap…

2014

Monet pohjoiset hyönteiset selviävät talvesta lisääntymislepokaudessa, joka on geneettisesti määräytyvä ja hormonaalisesti ohjattu fysiologinen lepotila. Lisääntymislepokautta on pääosin tutkittu ekologisesta ja fysiologisesta näkökulmasta, mutta sen geneettisestä taustasta tiedetään vähemmän. Geneettisen tiedon puuttumiseen ovat vaikuttaneet sopivan tutkimuslajin ja menetelmien puute, sekä toisaalta lisääntymislepokauden varsin monimutkainen luonne. Nykyaikaiset sekvensointi-menetelmät mahdollistavat varsin laajat geneettiset tutkimukset lajeilla, joiden genomia ei ole vielä sekvensoitu, mutta joiden ekologiasta on paljon tutkimustietoa. Esimerkkinä kyseisenlaisesta tutkimuslajista lisäänt…

Effects of perilipin I & V on the phenotype of zebrafish embryos

2012

Tämä Pro Gradu-tutkielma on tehty yhteistyössä Tampereen yliopiston Biolääketieteel- lisen teknologian yksikön kanssa. Tutkimuksen tarkoituksena oli selvittää perilipiinien vaikutusta seeprakalan fenotyyppiin käyttäen tutkimusmenetelminä geenien hiljentämistä ja mikroskopiaa. Geenit säätelevät proteiinien tuotantoa elimistössä. Jokaista proteiinia koodaa geeni, jonka toimintaan puuttumalla voidaan esimerkiksi estää kyseisen proteiinin muodos- tuminen. Morfoliinot ovat oligonukleotideja, joiden avulla voidaan tilapäisesti estää geenien toimintaa. Tässä työssä hiljennettiin morfoliinojen avulla kaksi geeniä seep- rakaloilta: perilipiini 1 ja perilipiini 5. Perilipiinit ovat lipidien varastoit…

Experimental introgression in Drosophila : Asymmetric postzygotic isolation associated with chromosomal inversions and an incompatibility locus on th…

2022

Interspecific gene flow (introgression) is an important source of new genetic variation, but selection against it can reinforce reproductive barriers between interbreeding species. We used an experimental approach to trace the role of chromosomal inversions and incompatibility genes in preventing introgression between two partly sympatric Drosophila virilis group species, D. flavomontana and D. montana. We backcrossed F1 hybrid females from a cross between D. flavomontana female and D. montana male with the males of the parental species for two generations and sequenced pools of parental strains and their reciprocal 2nd generation backcross (BC2mon and BC2fla) females. Contrasting the obser…

Population genetic structure of aposematic alpine wood tiger moths (Parasemia plantaginis)

2012

Alpine landscape with natural fragmentation restricts gene flow among populations and causes spatio-genetic structuring (high genetic differentiation) in species living there. Consequently, alpine habitat fragmentation and dispersal barriers should make isolated populations such as wood tiger moth (Parasemia plantaginis) populations prone to lose genetic diversity by local adaptation and fixation of fittest phenotype in each local population. This species is also known to be aposematic. Yellow colour on the males’ hind wings in wood tiger moth is presumed to work more efficiently against visual hunting predators due to increased conspicuousness. In addition, in field experiments with wood t…

Terveyskäyttäytyminen ja työmarkkinamenestys : mitä geenit kertovat

2019

Terveys vaikuttaa monella tavalla yksilön hyvinvointiin. Geneettiset aineistot mahdollistavat tutkimusasetelmat, joiden avulla voidaan tarkastella terveyden ja terveyskäyttäytymisen vaikutuksia työmarkkina-asemaan kuten ansiotasoon. Lisäksi geneettisiä tietoja hyödyntäen on tutkittu, voidaanko esimerkiksi koulutuksella vaikuttaa terveyskäyttäytymiseen. Tutkimuksissa on vahvistettu ylipainon vaikuttavan negatiivisesti menestykseen työmarkkinoilla. Tämän lisäksi tutkimuksissa on kyetty arvioimaan koulutuksen suojaavaa vaikutusta terveyteen. Geenitietojen käyttö taloustieteellisessä tutkimuksessa on vasta alkumetreillä. nonPeerReviewed