Search results for "Gene expression"
showing 10 items of 4085 documents
mRNA as a versatile tool for exogenous protein expression.
2012
Several viral and non-viral vectors have been developed for exogenous protein expression in specific cells. Conventionally, this purpose is achieved through the use of recombinant DNA. But mainly due to the risks associated with permanent genetic alteration of cells, safety and ethical concerns have been raised for the use of DNA-based vectors in human clinical therapy. In the last years, synthetic messenger RNA has emerged as powerful tool to deliver genetic information. RNA vectors exhibit several advantages compared to DNA and are particularly interesting for applications that require transient gene expression. RNA stability and translation efficiency can be increased by cis-acting struc…
Pre-Analytical Determination of the Effect of Extended Warm or Cold Ischaemia on RNA Stability in the Human Ileum Mucosa
2015
The use of banked human tissue, obtained with informed consent after elective surgical procedures, represents a powerful model for understanding underlying mechanisms of diseases or therapeutic interventions and for establishing prognostic markers. However, donated tissues typically have varying times of warm ischaemia in situ due to blood arrest or cold ischaemia due to procurement and transportation. Hence, before using these tissues, it is important to carry out pre-analytical studies to ensure that they are representative of the in vivo state. In particular, tissues of the gastrointestinal tract have been thought to have low RNA stability. Therefore, this study aimed to determine if ext…
The transcription reinitiation properties of RNA polymerase III in the absence of transcription factors
2007
AbstractTranscription reinitiation by RNA polymerase (Pol) III proceeds through facilitated recycling, a process by which the terminating Pol III, assisted by the transcription factors TFIIIB and TFIIIC, rapidly reloads onto the same transcription unit. To get further insight into the Pol III transcription mechanism, we analyzed the kinetics of transcription initiation and reinitiation of a simplified in vitro transcription system consisting only of Pol III and template DNA. The data indicates that, in the absence of transcription factors, first-round transcription initiation by Pol III proceeds at a normal rate, while facilitated reinitiation during subsequent cycles is compromised.
In silico strategy for detection of target candidates for antibody therapy of solid tumors
2008
In contrast to earlier attempts for the identification of target candidates suitable for monoclonal antibody (mAb) based cancer therapies we concentrated on highly selective lineage-specific genes additionally preserved or even overexpressed in orthotopic cancers. In a script aided workflow we reduced all human entries of the RefSeq mRNA database to those encoding transmembrane domain bearing gene products and subjected them to BLAST analysis against the human EST database. All BLAST results were validated in a gene centric way allowing two types of data curation prior to expression profiling of matching ESTs in selected healthy tissues: (i) exclusion of questionable ESTs arising e.g. from …
Two distinct extracellular RNA signatures released by a single cell type identified by microarray and next-generation sequencing
2016
ABSTRACT Cells secrete extracellular RNA (exRNA) to their surrounding environment and exRNA has been found in many body fluids such as blood, breast milk and cerebrospinal fluid. However, there are conflicting results regarding the nature of exRNA. Here, we have separated 2 distinct exRNA profiles released by mast cells, here termed high-density (HD) and low-density (LD) exRNA. The exRNA in both fractions was characterized by microarray and next-generation sequencing. Both exRNA fractions contained mRNA and miRNA, and the mRNAs in the LD exRNA correlated closely with the cellular mRNA, whereas the HD mRNA did not. Furthermore, the HD exRNA was enriched in lincRNA, antisense RNA, vault RNA, …
Survival of Listeria monocytogenes in Soil Requires AgrA-Mediated Regulation
2015
ABSTRACT In a recent paper, we demonstrated that inactivation of the Agr system affects the patterns of survival of Listeria monocytogenes (A.-L. Vivant, D. Garmyn, L. Gal, and P. Piveteau, Front Cell Infect Microbiol 4:160, http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2014.00160 ). In this study, we investigated whether the Agr-mediated response is triggered during adaptation in soil, and we compared survival patterns in a set of 10 soils. The fate of the parental strain L. monocytogenes L9 (a rifampin-resistant mutant of L. monocytogenes EGD-e) and that of a Δ agrA deletion mutant were compared in a collection of 10 soil microcosms. The Δ agrA mutant displayed significantly reduced survival in these b…
A comprehensive RNA-Seq-based gene expression atlas of the summer squash (Cucurbita pepo) provides insights into fruit morphology and ripening mechan…
2021
[EN] Background Summer squash (Cucurbita pepo: Cucurbitaceae) are a popular horticultural crop for which there is insufficient genomic and transcriptomic information. Gene expression atlases are crucial for the identification of genes expressed in different tissues at various plant developmental stages. Here, we present the first comprehensive gene expression atlas for a summer squash cultivar, including transcripts obtained from seeds, shoots, leaf stem, young and developed leaves, male and female flowers, fruits of seven developmental stages, as well as primary and lateral roots. Results In total, 27,868 genes and 2352 novel transcripts were annotated from these 16 tissues, with over 18,0…
Age-dependent regulation of antioxidant genes by p38α MAPK in the liver
2018
p38α is a redox sensitive MAPK activated by pro-inflammatory cytokines and environmental, genotoxic and endoplasmic reticulum stresses. The aim of this work was to assess whether p38α controls the antioxidant defense in the liver, and if so, to elucidate the mechanism(s) involved and the age-related changes. For this purpose, we used liver-specific p38α-deficient mice at two different ages: young-mice (4 months-old) and old-mice (24 months-old). The liver of young p38α knock-out mice exhibited a decrease in GSH levels and an increase in GSSG/GSH ratio and malondialdehyde levels. However, old mice deficient in p38α had higher hepatic GSH levels and lower GSSG/GSH ratio than young p38α knock-…
Caveolin-1, breast cancer and ionizing radiation
2015
Breast cancer (BC) recovery has increased in recent years thanks to efforts of Omics-based research in this field. However, despite the important results obtained, BC remains a complex multifactorial pathology that is difficult to treat appropriately. Caveolin-1 (CAV1), the basic constituent protein of specialized plasma membrane invaginations called caveolae, is emerging as a potential therapeutic biomarker in BC. This factor may modulate BC response to chemotherapy and radiation therapy. In addition, recent reports describe the key role of CAV1 during cell response to oxidative stress. The aim of the present review was to describe the biological roles of CAV1 in BC considering its contras…