Search results for "General Pharmacology"
showing 10 items of 356 documents
Investigation of inhibitory effects on EPC-mediated neovascularization by different bisphosphonates for cancer therapy.
2013
Bisphosphonates (BPs) are potent drugs, used in metastatic cancer-like prostate or breast carcinoma. In recent studies, besides reduced bone remodeling, influences on angiogenesis and neovascularization were reported. Since BPs have the tendency to accumulate in the bones, the biological effect of various nitrogen- and non-nitrogen BPs on endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) that originated from bone marrow and mobilized under physiological and pathophysiological conditions, such as tumor neovascularization, was investigated. EPCs subsequent to 72-h treatment with different concentrations of bisphosphonates comprised the non-nitrogen-containing BP clodronate and the nitrogen-containing BPs i…
Introduction: The non-neuronal cholinergic system in humans
2003
Diabetes and cancer: A critical appraisal of the pathogenetic and therapeutic links.
2014
Diabetes and cancer represent two common, multifactorial, chronic and potentially fatal diseases, not infrequently co-diagnosed in the same patient. Epidemiological data demonstrate significant increases of the cancer incidence in patients with obesity and diabetes, which is more evident for certain site-specific cancers. Although there is increasing evidence that strongly indicates an augmented risk of cancer in diabetic patients, several confounding factors complicate the ability to precisely assess the risk. Mainly in insulin-resistant states (such as in type 2 diabetes mellitus and in metabolic syndrome), direct associations between obesity-related hyperinsulinemia and increasing circul…
TCH-039 Six Sigma in Healthcare: An Application in the Monitoring of Albumin
2013
Background The high off-label use of albumin persuaded the pharmacy to introduce a request form that uses the internationals guidelines to assess whether the use of albumin is appropriate. This has resulted in a clear reduction in the costs. Purpose To monitor the wards using six sigma methodology (a statistical concept that measures a process in terms of defects); to ensure that all procedures have been followed correctly. Materials and Methods 696 forms for albumin prescriptions coming from 26 wards (August to December 2011) were analysed using Minitab software, which cheques the frequency of the best correct requests (type 1), partially correct requests (type 2) and incorrect requests (t…
GRP-089 Implementation of a “Medication Safety” Curriculum as Part of the Continuing Education Programme For Pharmacists
2013
Background The ‘action plan for the improvement of medication safety’ issued by the German ministry of health demands a culture of safety awareness. To achieve this goal, an emphasis on medication safety should be placed in the education of health care professionals. In this context the German Society of Hospital Pharmacists (ADKA) has developed a curriculum on medication safety. Purpose A workshop has been developed to improve the awareness of health care professionals regarding medication errors and the risks involved. The tools allow the pharmacist to perform a self-contained failure analysis as a basis for a goal-oriented prevention strategy. Materials and Methods The curriculum consist…
Active caspase-3 detection to evaluate apoptosis induced by Verbena officinalis essential oil and citral in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia cells
2011
Verbena officinalis L., Verbenaceae, commonly known as vervain, is a plant widely used in medicine. Despite of its widespread use in different traditional practices, the mechanisms of pharmacological actions of the plant and its volatile oil are still unclear. We evaluated the pro-apoptotic activity of V. officinalis essential oil and of its main component, citral, on lymphocytes collected from ten patients with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL), a disease in which a faulty apoptotic mechanism is still retained one of the primary pathogenic events, by adding to treated mononuclear cells, annexin-V, propidium iodide, and CD19. Apoptosis was also evaluated using anti-active-caspase-3 monocl…
Safety and efficacy of cervical disc arthroplasty in preventing the adjacent segment disease: a meta-analysis of mid- to long-term outcomes in prospe…
2019
Objectives: Cervical disc arthroplasty (CDA) has become an alternative treatment for cervical radiculopathy and myelopathy. This technique preserves appropriate motion at both the index and adjacent disc levels and consequently may prevent adjacent segment degeneration (ASD). The authors performed a meta-analysis to compare the safety and efficacy of CDA to those of the gold standard, anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF). Both surgical and clinical parameters were employed to verify the hypothesis that CDA can reduce the risk of ASD. Methods: The meta-analysis comprised high-quality randomized controlled trials that compared CDA and ACDF treatments of cervical degenerative disc di…
Mucoadhesive Polymer Hyaluronan as Biodegradable Cationic/Zwitterionic-Drug Delivery Vehicle
2014
Mucoadhesive polymers in pharmaceutical formulations release drugs in mucosal areas. They interact and fix to mucus via molecular interpenetration, etc ., which increase drug bioavailability. Polymers physicochemical properties affect formulation mucoadhesion, rheological behaviour and drug absorption. Hyaluronan (HA) is selected as a mucoadhesive and biodegradable polymer. Geometric, topological and fractal analyses are carried out with program TOPO. Reference calculations are performed with algorithm GEPOL. Procedure TOPO underestimates molecular volume by 0.7%. Error results 5% in surface area and derived topological indices. Solvent-accessible surface is undercalculated by 3%: from hexa…
Physicochemical compatibility of nebuliser solution admixtures containing colistimethate and hypertonic saline or colistimethate, fluticasone-17-prop…
2012
Objectives For practical reasons, patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) tend to mix different inhalation solutions for concomitant inhalation instead of inhaling the different medications consecutively. A study was undertaken to examine the compatibility of colistimethate dissolved in 5.85% hypertonic sodium chloride (NaCl) solution and the quadripartite mixtures of colistimethate, fluticasone-17-propionate, ipratropium bromide and salbutamol sulfate. Methods The test solutions were prepared by mixing ordinary doses of the inhalation products and analysed immediately. Microbiological assays of antibiotics and high-performance liquid chromatography assays were used to determine chemical compati…