Search results for "Generation"

showing 10 items of 3050 documents

Skeleta of affine hypersurfaces

2014

A smooth affine hypersurface Z of complex dimension n is homotopy equivalent to an n-dimensional cell complex. Given a defining polynomial f for Z as well as a regular triangulation of its Newton polytope, we provide a purely combinatorial construction of a compact topological space S as a union of components of real dimension n, and prove that S embeds into Z as a deformation retract. In particular, Z is homotopy equivalent to S.

Pure mathematicsPolynomialMathematicsofComputing_GENERALAffinePolytopeComplex dimensionTopological spaceTriangulation14J70Mathematics - Algebraic GeometryComputingMethodologies_SYMBOLICANDALGEBRAICMANIPULATIONFOS: MathematicsHomotopy equivalenceAlgebraic Topology (math.AT)Mathematics - Algebraic TopologyKato–Nakayama spaceAlgebraic Geometry (math.AG)SkeletonMathematicsToric degenerationTriangulation (topology)HomotopyLog geometry14J70 14R99 55P10 14M25 14T05RetractionHypersurfaceHypersurfaceNewton polytopeSettore MAT/03 - GeometriaGeometry and TopologyAffine transformationKato-Nakayama space14R99
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Amyloid-Beta Induces Different Expression Pattern of Tissue Transglutaminase and Its Isoforms on Olfactory Ensheathing Cells: Modulatory Effect of In…

2021

Abstract Alzhèimer Disease (AD) is characterized by protein aggregates in the brain, including amyloid-beta (Aβ), a substrate for tissue transglutaminase (TG2). We assessed the effect of full native peptide of Aβ (1–42), the fragments (25–35 and 35–25) on TG2 expression and its isoforms (Long and Short) on mouse Olfactory Ensheathing Cells (OECs). The levels of cytoskeletal proteins, Vimentin and Glial Fibrillary Acid Protein, were also studied. The effect of the pre-treatment with Indicaxanthin on cell viability, total Reactive Oxygen Species, superoxide anion and apoptotic pathway activation was assessed. Since Nestin is co-expressed in pluripotent stem cells with cyclin D1, their levels …

Pyridinestissue transglutaminase; olfactory ensheathing cells; amyloid-beta; oxidative stress; Indicaxanthin; self-renewalApoptosisAmyloid‐betaIndicaxanthinVimentinself-renewallcsh:ChemistryNestinMicechemistry.chemical_compoundProtein IsoformsCyclin D1lcsh:QH301-705.5SpectroscopybiologySuperoxideOpuntiaCell DifferentiationGeneral MedicineOlfactory Bulbamyloid-betaBetaxanthinsComputer Science ApplicationsCell biologyIndicaxanthinAmyloid betaTissue transglutaminase; Olfactory Ensheathing Cells; Amyloid-Beta; oxidative stress; In-dicaxanthin; self-renewalArticleGene Expression Regulation EnzymologicCatalysisInorganic ChemistryCyclin D1Alzheimer DiseaseGTP-Binding ProteinsGlial Fibrillary Acidic ProteinAnimalsHumansVimentinProtein Glutamine gamma Glutamyltransferase 2Viability assayPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryMolecular BiologyAmyloid beta-PeptidesTransglutaminasesOrganic ChemistryTissue transglutaminaseNestinSelf‐renewalNerve Regenerationlcsh:Biology (General)lcsh:QD1-999chemistryOxidative stressOlfactory ensheathing cellsbiology.proteinOlfactory ensheathing gliaReactive Oxygen SpeciesInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences
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Introducing a novel mesh following technique for approximation-free robotic tool path trajectories

2017

Abstract Modern tools for designing and manufacturing of large components with complex geometries allow more flexible production with reduced cycle times. This is achieved through a combination of traditional subtractive approaches and new additive manufacturing processes. The problem of generating optimum tool-paths to perform specific actions (e.g. part manufacturing or inspection) on curved surface samples, through numerical control machinery or robotic manipulators, will be increasingly encountered. Part variability often precludes using original design CAD data directly for toolpath generation (especially for composite materials), instead surface mapping software is often used to gener…

QA750209 industrial biotechnologyEngineeringComputational MechanicsMesh following techniqueCAD02 engineering and technologyTool path generationTriangular meshescomputer.software_genreNDT020901 industrial engineering & automationSoftwarelcsh:TA1740202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringComputer Aided DesignEngineering (miscellaneous)SimulationCommercial softwareSubtractive colorbusiness.industry020207 software engineeringRoboticsRoboticslcsh:Engineering designComputer Graphics and Computer-Aided DesignHuman-Computer InteractionComputational MathematicsModeling and SimulationComputer-aided manufacturingNumerical controlArtificial intelligencebusinessAlgorithmcomputerJournal of Computational Design and Engineering
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The ins and outs of cholesterol in the vertebrate retina

2010

Thematic Review Series: Lipids and Lipid Metabolism in the Eye; International audience; The vertebrate retina has multiple demands for utilization of cholesterol and must meet those demands either by synthesizing its own supply of cholesterol or by importing cholesterol from extraretinal sources, or both. Unlike the blood-brain barrier, the blood-retina barrier allows uptake of cholesterol from the circulation via a lipoprotein-based/receptor-mediated mechanism. Under normal conditions, cholesterol homeostasis is tightly regulated; also, cholesterol exists in the neural retina overwhelmingly in unesterified form, and sterol intermediates are present in minimal to negligible quantities. Howe…

QD415-436Degeneration (medical)BiologyBlood–brain barrierBiochemistryRetina03 medical and health scienceschemistry.chemical_compoundSmith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome0302 clinical medicineEndocrinology[SDV.IDA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food engineeringmedicineAnimalsHumans[SPI.GPROC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineeringcholesterol/biosynthesis;eye/retina;Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome030304 developmental biologychemistry.chemical_classification0303 health sciencesRetinaCholesterolThematic ReviewBiological TransportCell Biologycholesterol/biosynthesismedicine.diseaseSterolDe novo synthesisCholesterolmedicine.anatomical_structureEnzymechemistryBiochemistryBlood-Brain BarrierSmith–Lemli–Opitz syndromeeye/retinaVertebrates030221 ophthalmology & optometrylipids (amino acids peptides and proteins)sense organs
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Corneal Epithelial Stem Cells-Physiology, Pathophysiology and Therapeutic Options.

2021

In the human cornea, regeneration of the epithelium is regulated by the stem cell reservoir of the limbus, which is the marginal region of the cornea representing the anatomical and functional border between the corneal and conjunctival epithelium. In support of this concept, extensive limbal damage, e.g., by chemical or thermal injury, inflammation, or surgery, may induce limbal stem cell deficiency (LSCD) leading to vascularization and opacification of the cornea and eventually vision loss. These acquired forms of limbal stem cell deficiency may occur uni- or bilaterally, which is important for the choice of treatment. Moreover, a variety of inherited diseases, such as congenital aniridia…

QH301-705.5PhysiologyReviewCorneal DiseasesCorneaCorneamedicineAnimalsHumansBiology (General)Corneal epitheliumbusiness.industrylimbusRegeneration (biology)Stem CellsEpithelium CornealEpithelial CellsGeneral Medicinemedicine.diseaseEpitheliumPathophysiologyeye diseasesTransplantationnichemedicine.anatomical_structuregraftsense organsStem cellbusinessepitheliumDyskeratosis congenitastem cell deficiencyStem Cell TransplantationtransplantationCells
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Inducible and reversible inhibition of mirna-mediated gene repression in vivo

2021

Although virtually all gene networks are predicted to be controlled by miRNAs, the contribution of this important layer of gene regulation to tissue homeostasis in adult animals remains unclear. Gain and loss-of-function experiments have provided key insights into the specific function of individual miRNAs, but effective genetic tools to study the functional consequences of global inhibition of miRNA activity in vivo are lacking. Here we report the generation and characterization of a genetically engineered mouse strain in which miRNA-mediated gene repression can be reversibly inhibited without affecting miRNA biogenesis or abundance. We demonstrate the usefulness of this strategy by invest…

QH301-705.5ScienceGene regulatory networkregenerative medicineMice TransgenicBiologyGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyMiceT6BPregnancystem cellsmicroRNAAnimalsHomeostasisRNA-Induced Silencing ComplexRegenerationmolecular biologyGene Regulatory NetworksTransgenesBiology (General)Tissue homeostasisargonautemousemiRNARegulation of gene expressionGeneral Immunology and MicrobiologymicroRNAGeneral NeuroscienceRegeneration (biology)QRRISCmiRISCGeneral MedicineCell BiologyArgonauteStem Cells and Regenerative MedicineCell biologyTNRC6MicroRNAsMedicineFemaleStem cellPeptidesFunction (biology)Research Article
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Alginate-Agarose Hydrogels Improve the In Vitro Differentiation of Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells in Chondrocytes. A Histological Study

2021

[EN] Matrix-assisted autologous chondrocyte implantation (MACI) has shown promising results for cartilage repair, combining cultured chondrocytes and hydrogels, including alginate. The ability of chondrocytes for MACI is limited by different factors including donor site morbidity, dedifferentiation, limited lifespan or poor proliferation in vitro. Mesenchymal stem cells could represent an alternative for cartilage regeneration. In this study, we propose a MACI scaffold consisting of a mixed alginate-agarose hydrogel in combination with human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs), suitable for cartilage regeneration. Scaffolds were characterized according to their rheological properties, and their…

QH301-705.5Type II collagenMedicine (miscellaneous)02 engineering and technologyhDPSCsGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyChondrocyteArticle03 medical and health sciencesTissue engineeringDental pulp stem cellsmedicinealginateBiology (General)cartilage regenerationAggrecan030304 developmental biology0303 health sciencesChemistryCartilageMesenchymal stem cell021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyChondrogenesisCell biologymedicine.anatomical_structuretissue engineeringMACIchondrocyte0210 nano-technologyagaroseBiomedicines
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Potential Biomarkers Associated with Multiple Sclerosis Pathology

2021

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a complex disease of the central nervous system (CNS) that involves an intricate and aberrant interaction of immune cells leading to inflammation, demyelination, and neurodegeneration. Due to the heterogeneity of clinical subtypes, their diagnosis becomes challenging and the best treatment cannot be easily provided to patients. Biomarkers have been used to simplify the diagnosis and prognosis of MS, as well as to evaluate the results of clinical treatments. In recent years, research on biomarkers has advanced rapidly due to their ability to be easily and promptly measured, their specificity, and their reproducibility. Biomarkers are classified into several categor…

QH301-705.5diagnosticInflammationReviewBioinformaticsmultiple sclerosisCatalysisInorganic ChemistryBlood serummedicineHumanspredictivePhysical and Theoretical ChemistryRemyelinationbiomarkers diagnostic multiple sclerosis predictive prognosis treatment response monitoringBiology (General)Molecular BiologyPathologicalQD1-999SpectroscopyInflammationbusiness.industryMultiple sclerosisOrganic ChemistryNeurodegenerationReproducibility of ResultsbiomarkersGeneral Medicinemedicine.diseaseComputer Science ApplicationsChemistrymedicine.anatomical_structureGliosisDisease ProgressionBiomarker (medicine)prognosismedicine.symptombusinesstreatment response monitoringInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences
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Spin‐Chain‐Star Systems: Entangling Multiple Chains of Spin Qubits

2022

We consider spin-chain-star systems characterized by N-wise many-body interactions between the spins in each chain and the central one. We show that such systems can be exactly mapped into standard spin-star systems through unitary transformations. Such an approach allows the solution of the dynamic problem of an XX$X X$ spin-chain-star model and transparently shows the emergence of quantum correlations in the system, based on the idea of entanglement between chains.

Quantum PhysicsSettore FIS/02 - Fisica Teorica Modelli E Metodi Matematicimulti-partite entanglement generationspin-chain-star systemsFOS: Physical sciencesGeneral Physics and Astronomymany-body interactionsCondensed Matter::Strongly Correlated ElectronsQuantum Physics (quant-ph)quantum spin models
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Génération et interfaçage de lumière à photon unique et contrôle de la dynamique atomique ultra-rapide pour l’information quantique

2010

We develop a robust and realistic mechanism for the generation of indistinguishable single-photon (SP) pulses with identical frequency and polarization. They are produced on demand from a coupled double-Raman atom-cavity system driven by a sequence of laser pump pulses. This scheme features a high efficiency, the ability to produce a sequence of narrow-band SP pulses with a delay determined only by the pump repetition rate, and simplicity of the system free from complications such as repumping process and environmental dephasing. We propose and analyze a simple scheme of parametric frequency conversion for optical quantum information in cold atomic ensembles. Its remarkable properties are m…

Quantum beatingsParametric interactionAtomic coherenceFour-wave-mixing processProcessus de mélange à quatre ondesCavity quantum electrodynamics[ PHYS.COND.CM-GEN ] Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Other [cond-mat.other]Single-photon generationCohérence atomiqueSelective excitationElectrodynamique quantique en cavitéExcitation sélective[PHYS.COND.CM-GEN] Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Other [cond-mat.other][PHYS.COND.CM-GEN]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Other [cond-mat.other]Conversion de fréquence quantiqueBattements quantiquesGénération de photons uniquesQuantum frequency conversionInteraction paramétrique
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