Search results for "Genesis"

Pesticide residues in honey bees, pollen and beeswax: Assessing beehive exposure

2018

In order to study the distribution of pesticide residues in beekeeping matrices, samples of live in-hive worker honey bees (Apis mellifera), fresh stored pollen and beeswax were collected during 2016–2017 from 45 apiaries located in different landscape contexts in Spain. A total of 133 samples were screened for 63 pesticides or their degradation products to estimate the pesticide exposure to honey bee health through the calculation of the hazard quotient (HQ). The influence of the surrounding environment on the content of pesticides in pollen was assessed by comparing the concentrations of pesticide residues found in apiaries from intensive farming landscapes to those found in apiaries loca…

Obinutuzumab-Based Immunochemotherapy Prolongs Progression-Free Survival and Time to Next Anti-Lymphoma Treatment in Patients with Previously Untreat…

2018

Abstract Introduction: Immunochemotherapy is standard of care treatment for previously untreated patients (pts) with advanced stage follicular lymphoma (FL). However, the majority of pts relapse, with around 20% relapsing within 2 years. Obinutuzumab (GA101; G) is a glycoengineered type II anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody (mAb) with increased antibody-dependent cell-mediated phagocytosis and cytotoxicity, and direct B-cell killing, compared with the type I mAb rituximab (R). The randomized Phase III GALLIUM study (NCT01332968) compared the efficacy and safety of G-chemotherapy (G-chemo) vs R-chemotherapy (R-chemo) in previously untreated pts with advanced stage FL. In the primary analysis (PA)…

AMD3100: A Versatile Platform for CXCR4 Targeting 68 Ga-Based Radiopharmaceuticals

2016

International audience; CXCR4 is a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR), which is overexpressed in numerous diseases, particularly in multiple cancers. Therefore, this receptor represents a valuable target for imaging and therapeutic purposes. Among the different approaches, which were developed for CXCR4 imaging, a CXCR4 antagonist biscyclam system (AMD3100, also called Mozobil), currently used in the clinic for the mobilization of hematopoietic stem cells, was radiolabeled with different radiometals such as 62Zn, 64Cu, 67Ga, or 99mTc. However, cyclam is not an ideal chelator for most of these radiometals, and could lead to the release of the radionuclide in vivo. In the current study, a new …

2020

Bilberries (Vaccinium myrtillus L.) have been reported to hold a plentitude of health-promoting properties beyond basic nutrition, mainly attributed to their anthocyanin content and antioxidant activity. In this article, we built the phytochemical profile of three wild bilberry fruit extract formulations (aqueous, methanolic, and hydro-methanolic) using UHPLC-ESI-MS/MS putative analysis, identifying 88 individual phytochemicals, mainly flavonoids (total content 8.41 ± 0.11 mg QE/g dw), free amino acids, polyphenols (total content 21.68 ± 0.19 mg GAE/g dw), carboxylic acids, and vitamins. Furthermore, the antioxidant activity of the extract was assessed, reaching 78.03 ± 0.16% DPPH free radi…

Dietary polyphenols for managing cancers: What have we ignored?

2020

Abstract Although the chemoprevention and anti-cancer activities of dietary polyphenols have been evidenced through both in vitro and in vivo studies, most of the human clinical trials were unsuccessful or even harmful. Debates on the beneficial roles of dietary polyphenols in cancer therapy are increasing. Many dietary polyphenols studies are conducted by in vitro experiments, but the nature of these studies does not consider the complexity of metabolic processes that are present in vivo. These can often cause instability in the dietary polyphenols, thereby leading to unsuccessful extrapolation into animal or human studies. Dietary polyphenols often have low bioavailability, which is mainl…

Oxidative stress and antioxidants in the pathophysiology of malignant melanoma.

2018

Abstract The high number of somatic mutations in the melanoma genome associated with cumulative ultra violet (UV) exposure has rendered it one of the most difficult of cancers to treat. With new treatment approaches based on targeted and immune therapies, drug resistance has appeared as a consistent problem. Redox biology, including reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS and RNS), plays a central role in all aspects of melanoma pathophysiology, from initiation to progression and to metastatic cells. The involvement of melanin production and UV radiation in ROS/RNS generation has rendered the melanocytic lineage a unique system for studying redox biology. Overall, an elevated oxidative st…

DNA Methylation and Potential for Epigenetic Regulation in Pygospio elegans.

2015

Transitions in developmental mode are common evolutionarily, but how and why they occur is not understood. Developmental mode describes larval phenotypes, including morphology, ecology and behavior of larvae, which typically are generalized across different species. The polychaete worm Pygospio elegans is one of few species polymorphic in developmental mode, with multiple larval phenotypes, providing a possibility to examine the potential mechanisms allowing transitions in developmental mode. We investigated the presence of DNA methylation in P. elegans, and, since maternal provisioning is a key factor determining eventual larval phenotype, we compared patterns of DNA methylation in females…

Cardiolipin synthesis in brown and beige fat mitochondria is essential for systemic energy homeostasis

2018

Summary Activation of energy expenditure in thermogenic fat is a promising strategy to improve metabolic health, yet the dynamic processes that evoke this response are poorly understood. Here we show that synthesis of the mitochondrial phospholipid cardiolipin is indispensable for stimulating and sustaining thermogenic fat function. Cardiolipin biosynthesis is robustly induced in brown and beige adipose upon cold exposure. Mimicking this response through overexpression of cardiolipin synthase (Crls1) enhances energy consumption in mouse and human adipocytes. Crls1 deficiency in thermogenic adipocytes diminishes inducible mitochondrial uncoupling and elicits a nuclear transcriptional respons…

Dual Function Molecules and Processes in Cell Fate Decision: A Preface to the Special Issue

2020

A lot of water has passed under the bridge since 1999, when C.J. Jeffery stated in a pioneering review that “the idea of one gene-one protein-one function has become too simple” [...]

Drug Repurposing of the Anthelmintic Niclosamide to Treat Multidrug-Resistant Leukemia

2017

Multidrug resistance, a major problem that leads to failure of anticancer chemotherapy, requires the development of new drugs. Repurposing of established drugs is a promising approach for overcoming this problem. An example of such drugs is niclosamide, a known anthelmintic that is now known to be cytotoxic and cytostatic against cancer cells. In this study, niclosamide showed varying activity against different cancer cell lines. It revealed better activity against hematological cancer cell lines CCRF-CEM, CEM/ADR5000, and RPMI-8226 compared to the solid tumor cell lines MDA-MB-231, A549, and HT-29. The multidrug resistant CEM/ADR5000 cells were similar sensitive as their sensitive counterp…