Search results for "Genetica"

showing 10 items of 906 documents

FANCD2 promotes mitotic rescue from transcription-mediated replication stress in SETX-deficient cancer cells

2022

AbstractReplication stress (RS) is a leading cause of genome instability and cancer development. A substantial source of endogenous RS originates from the encounter between the transcription and replication machineries operating on the same DNA template. This occurs predominantly under specific contexts, such as oncogene activation, metabolic stress, or a deficiency in proteins that specifically act to prevent or resolve those transcription-replication conflicts (TRCs). One such protein is Senataxin (SETX), an RNA:DNA helicase involved in resolution of TRCs and R-loops. Here we identify a synthetic lethal interaction between SETX and proteins of the Fanconi anemia (FA) pathway. Depletion of…

Settore BIO/18 - Geneticafancd2; replication stress; setxreplication stressfancd2Medicine (miscellaneous)setxGeneral Agricultural and Biological SciencesGenome instability Replication stress chromosome missegregationGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular Biology
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The fibroblasts: co-actors in cancer.

2008

Settore BIO/18 - Geneticafibroblast breast cancerSettore BIO/06 - Anatomia Comparata E Citologia
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CeRNA bioinformatic analysis on human telomerase

2013

Messenger RNA (mRNA) translation efficiency is regulated by microRNAs. Each microRNA is able to regulate the translation of multiple mRNAs and each mRNA is regulated by multiple microRNAs. Thus, cellular mRNAs pool competed for microRNAs pool and viceversa. The regulatory network between mRNAs and microRNAs can be studied in the perspective of Competing Endogenous RNAs or ceRNAs. Here it is presented a bioinformatic study on ceRNAs for human telomerase (hTERT). Several genes potentially involved in the regulatory network of hTERT have been harvested by this study. hTERT is essential for the telomeres integrity. Telomere dysfunctions have been widely reported to be involved in Ageing, Cancer…

Settore BIO/18 - GeneticahTERT telomerase PTEN dynein ceRNASettore BIO/11 - Biologia MolecolareSettore MED/13 - Endocrinologia
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Cytotoxic effect of the HDAC3 inhibitor Pojamide and its variants on MDA-MB231 breast cancer cells

2018

Settore BIO/18 - Geneticahistone deacetylase inhibitor breast cancer cytotoxicitySettore BIO/06 - Anatomia Comparata E Citologia
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Metilazione del DNA in artrite reumatoide

2005

Lo stato di metilazione del DNA genomico e del gene PTHrP è stato valutato con tecniche molecolari e citogenetiche in artrite reumatoide (AR), patologia autoimmune caratterizzata anche da alta incidenza di linfomi e da ipercalcemia per overespressione del gene PTHrP. La metilazione del DNA, infatti, ha un ruolo critico nello sviluppo delle malattie neoplastiche; il gene PTHrP avendo tre promotori uno dei quali contiene un’isola CpG è un buon candidato per la deregolazione da alterato pattern di metilazione locale. Le indagini sulla metilazione genomica, condotte su DNA estratto da sangue periferico di pazienti e di donatori e amplificato in reazioni di Methylation-Sensitive Arbitrarily Prim…

Settore BIO/18 - Geneticainstead chromosomes of controls were almost uniformly decorated by brilliant grains. Studies on methylation of PTHrP gene promoter 2 performed on five CpG island internal sites using the Methylation-Sensitive Restriction Endonuclease Multiplex (MSREM)-PCR showed that one of the sites nearest the trascription starting point is heavy methylated in a significantly high number of RA patients. Thus RA seems to be characterized by genomewide hypomethylation associated with local hypermethylation like the most part of tumors. This result raises the possibility that susceptibility to lymphomas is related to abnormal DNA methylation levels and suggests the opportunity to evaluate the DNA methylation status in RA patientin fact the demethylating therapies together with diet and life style can act towards an increase of tumor risk. Future studies using a larger number of subjects could confirm these findings.Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) is a chronic multisystem inflammatory disease characterized by high recurrence of lymphomas as well as hypercalcemia due to PTHrP overexpression. Because of DNA methylation plays a critical role in development of neoplasias we determined in RA patients the global DNA methylation status and local methylation pattern of the CpG island of one of the three promoters of PTHrP gene utilizing molecular and cytogenetic techniques. Investigations performed on DNA from peripheral blood of patients and donors amplified by Methylation-Sensitive Arbitrarily Primed (MeS-AP)-PCR indicated that RA is strongly associated with global DNA hypomethylation. Similarly chromosomal DNA methylation pattern analysis by indirect immunofluorescence technique with anti 5-methylcitosine antibody showed all peripheral lymphocyte metaphases from RA patients with chromosomes weakly fluorescent without discrete grain
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RNA quality control: RppH activity allows selective removal of nonsense messages in E. coli.

2009

Polar effect, the reduced expression level of sequences downstream to mutations reducing translation efficiency, is usually due to transcription termination or inefficient translation reinitiation. Untranslated mRNAs are known to be quickly degraded, probably because of their increased accessibility to degradative enzymes due to the absence of translating ribosomes. In III-VI-I operon of phage f1, a strong polar effect is observed in a gIII 5’ proximal nonsense mutant, resulting in a very fast, RNaseE mediated, degradation of any full-length mRNA. RNaseE is a key component of the E. coli degradosome, the major RNA processing/degrading machinery. Its endonucleolytic activity is strongly enha…

Settore BIO/18 - GeneticamRNA degradationrppHnonsense mRNA
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Investigating CRISPR-CAS13b as a tool for the RNA editing of CFTR mRNA with premature stop codon

2020

Background and Rationale Some CF patients are compound heterozygous or homozygous for nonsense mutations in the CFTR gene. Mutant CFTR gene coding for transcripts with premature termination codons (PTCs) is responsible for truncated CFTR protein and for a severe form of the disease. In a precision medicine framework the “REPAIRv2” (RNA Editing for Programmable A to I Replacement v2) tool, developed in the laboratory of Dr. Feng Zhang (USA), seems a good alternative to restore the full-length CFTR protein by editing its mRNA containing PTCs. This new approach is based on the possibility of targeting a deaminase enzyme (huADAR2) to a specific Adenosine, to be edited to Inosine (G analogue), o…

Settore BIO/18 - GeneticamRNA editing CFTR CRISPR-dCAS13b
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Dal trascrittoma all’interattoma di miRNA: identificazione sperimentale e bioinformatica delle interazioni funzionali miRNA:mRNA

2013

I miRNA, piccole molecole endogene di RNA non codificante, regolano l’espressione genica attraverso la degradazione dei messaggeri (mRNA) o l’inibizione della traduzione. I miRNA maturi interagiscono con le proteine del complesso RISC (RNA-induced silencing complex) tra cui le proteine Argonaute (Ago), capaci di legare direttamente i miRNA e di mediare la regolazione dell’espressione genica in seguito alla interazione del miRNA con il proprio mRNA target. Un singolo miRNA può legare diversi mRNA e ciascun mRNA può essere regolato da diversi miRNA. La maggior parte dei software di predizione oggi disponibili individuano i putativi target di singoli miRNA ignorando caratteristiche di tipo glo…

Settore BIO/18 - GeneticamRNAbioinformaticamicroarraymiRNA
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Identification of mechanism(s) leading to hyperdiploidy in progenitor tumor cells derived from MCF7 breast cancer cells

2010

Stem cells are a minor population of mostly resting cells defined by their long life, high clonogenicity, self-replicating potential, plasticity, and drug resistance (Finn, 2008). Cells with these properties have been identified in various normal and cancerous human tissues (Wicha, 2006), as well as in several long-term tumor cell lines (Setoguchi, 2004). We have some preliminary data indicating that cells isolated from MCF7 line divide slowly and form spheres, both features of progenitors tumor cells, when grown in ultralow adherent plates and in absence of serum. Furthermore, these features were associated to two distinct populations characterized by different content in terms of number o…

Settore BIO/18 - Geneticamcf7 aneuploidy progenitor cells.
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Statistical validation of a comprehensive gene/miRNA expression profile dataset for miRNA:mRNA interctome analysis

2014

Settore BIO/18 - GeneticamiRNA gene expression Breast cancer
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