Search results for "Genetically Modified"
showing 10 items of 345 documents
Courtship Behavior of Brain Mosaics in Drosophila
2000
0167-7063 (Print) Journal Article Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Sites in the brain that show functional, sexual dimorphism in courtship behavior have been mapped at high resolution in male/female mosaics of Drosophila melanogaster. The sex mosaics were produced by enhancer-trap expression of GAL4 driving the female-spliced form of the transformer gene (tra), revealing sites in the dorsal brain, lateral protocerebrum, suboesophageal, thoracic and abdominal ganglia, and suggesting the importance of cross-talk between these regions in the implementation of the courtship sequence.
Reduced levels of membrane-bound alkaline phosphatase in Vip3Aa-resistant Heliothis virescens
2020
ABSTRACTThe Vip3Aa insecticidal protein fromBacillus thuringiensis(Bt) is produced by specific transgenic corn and cotton varieties for efficient control of target lepidopteran pests. The main threat to this technology is the evolution of resistance in targeted insect pests, thus understanding the mechanistic basis of resistance is crucial to deploy the most appropriate strategies for resistance management. In this work, a laboratory-selected colony ofHeliothis virescens(Vip-Sel) highly resistant to the Vip3Aa protein was used to test whether an alteration of membrane receptors in the insect midgut might explain the resistance phenotype. Binding of125I-labeled Vip3Aa to brush border membran…
Genetic Engineering Strategies for Abiotic Stress Tolerance in Plants
2015
Crop plants are affected by a variety of abiotic stresses such as salinity, drought, extreme temperatures, and oxidative stress and cause a significant yield loss (more than 50 %). In the near future, these abiotic stresses might increase because of global climate change. Abiotic stresses lead to dehydration or osmotic stress through reduced availability of water for vital cellular functions and maintenance of turgor pressure and also result in high production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Plants are evolved with various mechanisms such as changes in cellular and metabolic processes to cope with the stress condition. Recent developments in molecular genetics have contributed greatly to …
NT3/TrkC pathway modulates the expression of UCP-1 and adipocyte size in human and murine adipose tissue
2020
ABSTRACTNT3, through activation of its tropomyosin-related kinase receptor C (TrkC), modulates neuronal survival and neural stem cell differentiation. It is widely distributed in peripheral tissues (specially vessels and pancreas) and this ubiquitous pattern suggests a role for NT3, outside the nervous system and related to metabolic functions. The presence of the NT3/TrkC pathway in the adipose tissue (AT) has never been investigated. Present work studies in human and murine adipose tissue (AT) the presence of elements of the NT3/TrkC pathway and its role on lipolysis and adipocyte differentiation. qRT-PCR and immunoblot indicate that NT3 was present in human retroperitoneal AT and decreas…
The role of plasma lipid transfer proteins in lipoprotein metabolism and atherogenesis.
2008
The plasma lipid transfer proteins promote the exchange of neutral lipids and phospholipids between the plasma lipoproteins. Cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) facilitates the removal of cholesteryl esters from HDL and thus reduces HDL levels, while phospholipid transfer protein (PLTP) promotes the transfer of phospholipids from triglyceride-rich lipoproteins into HDL and increases HDL levels. Studies in transgenic mouse models and in humans with rare genetic deficiencies (CETP) or common genetic variants (CETP and PLTP) highlight the central role of these molecules in regulating HDL levels. Human CETP deficiency is associated with dramatic elevations of HDL cholesterol and apolipopr…
Isolation and characterization of a Vitis vinifera transcription factor, VvWRKY1, and its effect on responses to fungal pathogens in transgenic tobac…
2007
International audience; Pathogen attack represents a major problem for viticulture and for agriculture in general. At present, the use of phytochemicals is more and more restrictive, and therefore it is becoming essential to control disease by having a thorough knowledge of resistance mechanisms. The present work focused on the trans-regulatory proteins potentially involved in the control of the plant defence response, the WRKY proteins. A full-length cDNA, designated VvWRKY1, was isolated from a grape berry library (Vitis vinifera L. cv. Cabernet Sauvignon). It encodes a polypeptide of 151 amino acids whose structure is characteristic of group IIc WRKY proteins. VvWRKY1 gene expression in …
Singular Location and Signaling Profile of Adenosine A2A-Cannabinoid CB1 Receptor Heteromers in the Dorsal Striatum
2018
The dorsal striatum is a key node for many neurobiological processes such as motor activity, cognitive functions, and affective processes. The proper functioning of striatal neurons relies critically on metabotropic receptors. Specifically, the main adenosine and endocannabinoid receptors present in the striatum, ie, adenosine A(2A) receptor (A(2A)R) and cannabinoid CB1 receptor (CB1R), are of pivotal importance in the control of neuronal excitability. Facilitatory and inhibitory functional interactions between striatal A(2A)R and CB1R have been reported, and evidence supports that this cross-talk may rely, at least in part, on the formation of A(2A)R-CB1R heteromeric complexes. However, th…
Oral Monosodium Glutamate Administration Causes Early Onset of Alzheimer's Disease-Like Pathophysiology in APP/PS1 Mice.
2019
Glutamate excitotoxicity has long been related to Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathophysiology, and it has been shown to affect the major AD-related hallmarks, amyloid-β peptide (Aβ) accumulation and tau phosphorylation (p-tau). We investigated whether oral administration of monosodium glutamate (MSG) has effects in a murine model of AD, the double transgenic mice APP/PS1. We found that AD pathogenic factors appear earlier in APP/PS1 when supplemented with MSG, while wildtype mice were essentially not affected. Aβ and p-tau levels were increased in the hippocampus in young APP/PS1 animals upon MSG administration. This was correlated with increased Cdk5-p25 levels. Furthermore, in these mice, we…
Sciences within European Young Researcher Community272The neuro-cardiac interaction defines an extracellular microdomain required for neurotrophic si…
2016
# 272 The neuro-cardiac interaction defines an extracellular microdomain required for neurotrophic signaling {#article-title-2} Purpose: Sympathetic neurons (SNs) innervate the myocardium with a defined topology that allows physiological modulation of cardiac activity. Limiting amounts of neurotrophins released by cardiac cells control SN viability and myocardial distribution, whose impairment has been described in a number of heart diseases (e.g. myocardial infarction, heart failure). Therefore, the fine control of cardiac innervation is crucial to ensure the physiological sympathetic function. It has been demonstrated that SNs directly interact with cardiomyocytes (CMs). Although it has b…
Copper transporter COPT5 participates in the crosstalk between vacuolar copper and iron pools mobilisation
2019
Copper (Cu) deficiency affects iron (Fe) homeostasis in several plant processes, including the increased Fe requirements due to cuproprotein substitutions for the corresponding Fe counterpart. Loss-of-function mutants from Arabidopsis thaliana high affinity copper transporter COPT5 and Fe transporters NATURAL RESISTANCE-ASSOCIATED MACROPHAGE PROTEIN 3/4 (NRAMP3 and NRAMP4) were used to study the interaction between metals internal pools. A physiological characterisation showed that the copt5 mutant is sensitive to Fe deficiency, and that nramp3nramp4 mutant growth was severely affected under limiting Cu. By a transcriptomic analysis, we observed that NRAMP4 expression was highly induced in …