Search results for "Genotype-phenotype correlation"

Genotype‐phenotype correlations in Brazilian patients with hereditary angioedema due to C1 inhibitor deficiency. [Carta]

2019

Cardio-facio-cutaneous syndrome and gastrointestinal defects: report on a newborn with 19p13.3 deletion including the MAP 2 K2 gene

2022

Abstract Background Cardio-facio-cutaneous syndrome (CFCS) belongs to RASopathies, a group of conditions caused by mutations in genes encoding proteins of the rat sarcoma/mitogen-activated protein kinase (RAS/MAPK) pathway. It is a rare syndrome, with about 300 patients reported. Main clinical manifestations include facial dysmorphisms, growth failure, heart defects, developmental delay, and ectodermal abnormalities. Mutations (mainly missense) of four genes (BRAF, MAP 2 K1, MAP 2 K2, and KRAS) have been associated to CFCS. However, whole gene deletions/duplications and chromosomal microdeletions have been also reported. Specifically, 19p13.3 deletion including MAP 2 K2 gene are responsible…

Male breast cancer in BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers: pathology data from the Consortium of Investigators of Modifiers of BRCA1/2

2016

Background BRCA1 and, more commonly, BRCA2 mutations are associated with increased risk of male breast cancer (MBC). However, only a paucity of data exists on the pathology of breast cancers (BCs) in men with BRCA1/2 mutations. Using the largest available dataset, we determined whether MBCs arising in BRCA1/2 mutation carriers display specific pathologic features and whether these features differ from those of BRCA1/2 female BCs (FBCs). Methods We characterised the pathologic features of 419 BRCA1/2 MBCs and, using logistic regression analysis, contrasted those with data from 9675 BRCA1/2 FBCs and with population-based data from 6351 MBCs in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (…

A novel mutation in KCNQ3-related benign familial neonatal epilepsy: electroclinical features and neurodevelopmental outcome.

2019

Benign familial neonatal epilepsy (BFNE) is caused, in about 5% of families, by mutations in the KCNQ3 gene encoding voltage-gated potassium channel subunits. Usually, newborns with BFNE show a normal neurological outcome, but recently, refractory seizures and/or developmental disability have been reported suggesting phenotype variability associated with KCNQ3-related BFNE. Here, we describe a proband from a BFNE family carrying a novel variant in the KCNQ3 gene. Regarding the paucity of data in the literature, we describe the presented case with a view to further establishing: (1) a genotype/phenotype correlation in order to define a BFNE phenotype associated with favourable outcome; (2) a…

A novel KCNQ3 mutation in familial epilepsy with focal seizures and intellectual disability

2015

Mutations in the KCNQ2 gene encoding for voltage-gated potassium channel subunits have been found in patients affected with early onset epilepsies with wide phenotypic heterogeneity, ranging from benign familial neonatal seizures (BFNS) to epileptic encephalopathy with cognitive impairment, drug resistance, and characteristic electroencephalography (EEG) and neuroradiologic features. By contrast, only few KCNQ3 mutations have been rarely described, mostly in patients with typical BFNS. We report clinical, genetic, and functional data from a family in which early onset epilepsy and neurocognitive deficits segregated with a novel mutation in KCNQ3 (c.989G>T; p.R330L). Electrophysiological stu…

A multi-centre clinico-genetic analysis of the VPS35 gene in Parkinson disease indicates reduced penetrance for disease-associated variants

2012

Abstract: Background Two recent studies identified a mutation (p.Asp620Asn) in the vacuolar protein sorting 35 gene as a cause for an autosomal dominant form of Parkinson disease. Although additional missense variants were described, their pathogenic role yet remains inconclusive. Methods and results We performed the largest multi-center study to ascertain the frequency and pathogenicity of the reported vacuolar protein sorting 35 gene variants in more than 15,000 individuals worldwide. p.Asp620Asn was detected in 5 familial and 2 sporadic PD cases and not in healthy controls, p.Leu774Met in 6 cases and 1 control, p.Gly51Ser in 3 cases and 2 controls. Overall analyses did not reveal any sig…

Long-term follow-up and novel genotype-phenotype analysis of monozygotic twins with ATP1A3 mutation in Alternating Hemiplegia of Childhood-2

2020

Alternating Hemiplegia of Childhood (AHC) is a rare disorder characterized by frequent, transient attacks of hemiplegia involving either side of the body or both in association to several other disturbances including dystonic spells, abnormal ocular movements, autonomic manifestations, epileptic seizures and cognitive impairment. The clinical manifestations usually start before the age of 18 months. Two forms of the disorder known as AHC-1 (MIM#104290) and AHC-2 (MIM#614820) depends on mutations in ATP1A2 and ATP1A3 genes respectively, with over 75% of AHC caused by a mutation in the ATP1A3 gene. Herewith, we report serial clinical follow-up data of monozygotic (MZ) twin sisters, who presen…

Autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease: case report of a newborn with rare PKHD1 mutation, rapid renal enlargement and early fatal outcome

2020

Abstract Introduction Autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease (ARPKD; MIM#263200) is one of the most frequent pediatric renal cystic diseases, with an incidence of 1:20,000. It is caused by mutations of the PKHD1 gene, on chromosome 6p12. The clinical spectrum is highly variable, ranging from late-onset milder forms to severe perinatal manifestations. The management of newborns with severe pulmonary insufficiency is challenging, and causes of early death are sepsis or respiratory failure. In cases of massive renal enlargement, early bilateral nephrectomy and peritoneal dialysis may reduce infant mortality. However, there is no conclusive data on the role of surgery, and decision-makin…

2q13 microdeletion syndrome: Report on a newborn with additional features expanding the phenotype

2021

In this paper we describe an additional newborn patient with craniofacial dysmorphisms, congenital heart disease, hypotonia and a 2q13 deletion of 1.7 Mb, whose clinical and genomic findings are consistent with the diagnosis of 2q13 microdeletion syndrome.

The child with overgrowth between clinical variability and genetic heterogeneity

2020

Either in the newborn or in the child overgrowth can be generalized or localized if it is limited to one or more body regions. When overgrowth depends on a metabolic imbalance, or it is constitutional, the excessive growth can be the only clinical sign. In most cases genomic or epigenetic alterations, which affect factors involved in cell proliferation and/or regulation of gene expression (observed also in tumours), are related to overgrowth syndromes, in which excess growth may be associated with dysmorphic features, neuromotor/intellectual disabilities and behavioural disorders. These rare conditions are characterized by clinical and molecular overlap. The paper describes the cases of thr…