Search results for "Gens"

showing 10 items of 3762 documents

The influence of major histocompatibility complex class II genes and T-cell Vbeta repertoire on response to immunization with HBsAg.

1998

Nonresponsiveness to HBsAg vaccination is observed in 5-10% of vaccine recipients and is possibly caused by a defect in the T helper cell compartment. The immune response to HBsAg is influenced by genes of the major histocompatibility complex. We have investigated MHC class I and class II antigens in 53 adult responders and 73 nonresponders. Results obtained in this first study were tested in a second study with 56 responders and 62 nonresponders from an infant vaccination trial. In addition, the peripheral Vbeta-chain T-cell receptor repertoire was investigated using monoclonal antibodies and flow-cytometry in 26 adult responders and 38 nonresponders. As previously reported, nonresponsiven…

AdultHBsAgT cellReceptors Antigen T-Cell alpha-betaImmunologyGenes MHC Class IIMajor histocompatibility complexCohort StudiesImmune systemGene FrequencyMHC class ImedicineImmunology and AllergyHumansHepatitis B VaccinesAllelesDiphtheria-Tetanus-Pertussis VaccineHepatitis B Surface AntigensbiologyT-cell receptorInfantGeneral MedicineT helper cellHLA-DR AntigensVirologyVaccinationmedicine.anatomical_structureImmunologybiology.proteinImmunizationHLA-DRB1 ChainsHuman immunology
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Transient CD15-positive endothelial phenotype in the human placenta correlates with physiological and pathological fetoplacental immaturity

2013

Abstract Objective Placental growth and villous maturation are critical parameters of placental function at the end of pregnancy. A failure in these processes leads to the development of placental dysfunction, as well as fetal and neonatal mortality and morbidity. The aim of the study was to determine the relevant diagnostic markers associated with pathological placental development. Study design Forty tissue samples from normal placentas of different gestational age and 68 pathological term placentas with defective villous maturation (GDM, idiopathic IUFD, preeclamsia, HELLP syndrome) comprised the comparative immunohistochemical study (CD15, CD45 and CD34). Positive immunohistochemical re…

AdultHELLP SyndromePathologymedicine.medical_specialtyStromal cellEndotheliumHELLP syndromePlacentaCD34Lewis X AntigenAntigens CD34Gestational AgePre-EclampsiaPregnancymedicineHumansPathologicalPregnancyFetusFetal Growth Retardationbusiness.industryEndothelial CellsObstetrics and GynecologyFucosyltransferasesmedicine.diseaseImmunohistochemistryPlacentationDiabetes Gestationalmedicine.anatomical_structureReproductive MedicineCase-Control Studiesembryonic structuresLeukocyte Common AntigensImmunohistochemistryFemalebusinessEuropean Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology
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Pregnancy-associated diseases are characterized by the composition of the systemic regulatory T cell (Treg) pool with distinct subsets of Tregs

2011

Dysregulations concerning the composition and function of regulatory T cells (T(regs)) are assumed to be involved in the pathophysiology of complicated pregnancies. We used six-colour flow cytometric analysis to demonstrate that the total CD4(+) CD127(low+/-) CD25(+) forkhead box protein 3 (FoxP3)(+) T(reg) cell pool contains four distinct T(reg) subsets: DR(high+) CD45RA(-), DR(low+) CD45RA(-), DR(-) CD45RA(-) T(regs) and naive DR(-) CD45RA(+) T(regs). During the normal course of pregnancy, the most prominent changes in the composition of the total T(reg) cell pool were observed between the 10th and 20th weeks of gestation, with a clear decrease in the percentage of DR(high+) CD45RA(-) and…

AdultHELLP Syndromemedicine.medical_specialtyTranslational StudiesRegulatory T cellImmunologyGestational Agechemical and pharmacologic phenomenaT-Lymphocytes RegulatoryImmunophenotypingFlow cytometryObstetric Labor PrematureImmunophenotypingPre-EclampsiaPregnancyT-Lymphocyte Subsetsimmune system diseaseshemic and lymphatic diseasesInternal medicinemedicineHomeostasisHumansImmunology and AllergyIL-2 receptorInterleukin-7 receptormedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryvirus diseasesFOXP3hemic and immune systemsFlow CytometryCoculture TechniquesPathophysiologyEndocrinologymedicine.anatomical_structureCervical Length MeasurementImmunologyLeukocyte Common AntigensFemaleUterine Cervical IncompetencebusinessHomeostasisClinical and Experimental Immunology
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Pregnant women as a sentinel population to target and implement hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccine coverage: a three-year survey in Palermo, Sicily.

2004

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccine coverage was assessed using serologic patterns of infection (HBsAg, anti HBc) and vaccine-induced immunity (isolated anti HBs) among 3318 pregnant women attending the Obstetrical Unit of the University Hospital in Palermo who were screened over 3 years (2001-2003). Three thousand and eight of them (90.6%) were born in Sicily, whereas 310 (9.4%) were immigrants from non-EU countries. The overall prevalence of HBsAg was 1.1%, and it was significantly higher among immigrant than indigenous women (4.2% versus 0.8%; OR 5.26; p < 0.0001). Serologic evidence of past HBV infection (anti HBc) also was significantly higher in immigrants than in Sicilian women (24.5% ve…

AdultHepatitis B Surface AntigensAdolescentPregnant womenAge FactorsEmigration and ImmigrationMiddle AgedSettore MED/42 - Igiene Generale E ApplicataHepatitis BItalyPregnancyHumansFemaleHepatitis B VaccinesHepatitis AntibodiesSentinel SurveillanceHBV infectionHBV vaccinationVaccine
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Selection of a precore mutant after vertical transmission of different hepatitis B virus variants is correlated with fulminant hepatitis in infants

1995

The incidence of perinatal transmission of hepatitis B virus (HBV) depends on the HBeAg/anti-HBe status of the mother. While children of HBeAg-positive mothers have a 90% probability of acquiring a chronic hepatitis B virus carrier state, babies of anti-HBe-positive mothers are more likely to develop fulminant hepatitis within the first 3 to 4 months of life. There is evidence that precore (pre-C) mutations of the HBV can be associated with fulminant hepatitis. The pre-C region was therefore examined in sera from nine infants with fulminant hepatitis after vertical transmission, one HBeAg-positive and seven anti-HBe-positive mothers by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and direct sequence ana…

AdultHepatitis B virusAdolescentMolecular Sequence DataPopulationmedicine.disease_causeVirusPregnancyVirologymedicineHumansHepatitis B e AntigensFulminant hepatitiseducationHepatitis B viruseducation.field_of_studyBase Sequencebiologyvirus diseasesHepatitis BHepatitis Bmedicine.diseasebiology.organism_classificationVirologyInfectious Disease Transmission Verticaldigestive system diseasesInfectious DiseasesHepadnaviridaeHBeAgDNA ViralMutationImmunologyFemaleViral diseaseSequence AnalysisJournal of Medical Virology
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HLA-DRB1*1301 AND *1302 protect against chronic hepatitis B

1997

Abstract Background/Aims: The outcome of acute hepatitis B infection may be influenced by host factors like the major histocompatibility complex (MHC). We have investigated MHC class I and class II antigens in patients with chronic hepatitis B compared to a healthy control population. To confirm the findings of this first study we performed a second study in a group of subjects who had spontaneously recovered from acute hepatitis B infection. Methods: Frequencies of MHC class I and class II antigens were analyzed in patients with chronic hepatitis B virus infection and in control subjects. MHC class I typing was done by standard microlymphocytotoxicity assays. DRB1 and DQA1 genotypes were d…

AdultHepatitis B virusRemission SpontaneousPopulationEnzyme-Linked Immunosorbent AssayMajor histocompatibility complexmedicine.disease_causePolymerase Chain ReactionHLA-DQ alpha-ChainsVirusHLA-DQ AntigensMHC class ImedicineHumansSerologic TestsProspective StudiesHepatitis B AntibodieseducationHLA-DRB1AllelesHepatitis B viruseducation.field_of_studyMHC class IIHepatitis B Surface AntigensHepatologybiologyHLA-DR AntigensHepatitis BVirologyChronic infectionImmunoglobulin GChronic DiseaseDNA ViralImmunologybiology.proteinHLA-DRB1 ChainsJournal of Hepatology
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Extensive clinical experience: relative prevalence of different androgen excess disorders in 950 women referred because of clinical hyperandrogenism.

2005

CONTEXT: We undertook this study to estimate the prevalence of the various androgen excess disorders using the new criteria suggested for the diagnosis of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). SETTING: The study was performed at two endocrine departments at the University of Palermo (Palermo, Italy). PATIENTS: The records of all patients referred between 1980 and 2004 for evaluation of clinical hyperandrogenism were reevaluated. All past diagnoses were reviewed using the actual diagnostic criteria. To be included in this study, the records of the patients had to present the following available data: clinical evaluation of hyperandrogenism, body weight and height, testosterone (T), free T, dehyd…

AdultHirsutismAdolescent17-alpha-HydroxyprogesteroneBody WeightOvaryAlopeciaBody HeightBody Mass IndexPelvisDiagnosis DifferentialPolycystic ovary syndrome HyperandrogenismNeoplasmsAcne VulgarisAndrogensHumansFemaleTestosteroneHyperandrogenismProgesteroneAnovulationPolycystic Ovary SyndromeRetrospective StudiesUltrasonography
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Ovine corticotropin-releasing factor and dexamethasone responses in hyperandrogenic women

1990

Eighteen hyperandrogenic, hirsute women received ovine corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF; 1 microgram/kg) as well as a dexamethasone (DEX) suppression test. Nine of the 18 hirsute women exhibited increased DEX sensitivity. Plasma adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) responses after ovine CRF were significantly lower in the DEX-sensitive subgroup, but serum androstenedione was higher. Baseline serum androgen levels could not predict DEX responses. A significant negative correlation existed between the suppression of androgens after DEX and the increase in ACTH after ovine CRF. The suppression of androgen correlated with the ratio of the increase in androgen to the increase in ACTH after ovin…

AdultHirsutismendocrine systemmedicine.medical_specialtyAdolescentCorticotropin-Releasing Hormonemedicine.drug_classMicrogramAdrenocorticotropic hormoneDexamethasoneAdrenocorticotropic HormoneInternal medicinepolycyclic compoundsAnimalsHumansMedicineAndrostenedioneDexamethasonehirsutismSheepbusiness.industryHyperandrogenismObstetrics and GynecologyAndrogen AntagonistsAndrogenmedicine.diseasePathophysiologyEndocrinologyReproductive MedicineAndrogensFemalebusinesshormones hormone substitutes and hormone antagonistsmedicine.drugFertility and Sterility
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Physiological Estrogen Replacement May Enhance the Effectiveness of the Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Agonist in the Treatment of Hirsutism

1994

GnRH agonists (GnRH-A) have been used for the treatment of hirsutism in women with ovarian hyperandrogenism. However, significant side-effects, including vasomotor symptoms and bone loss, have prevented the long term use of this therapy. In this study, we evaluated the effects of low dose (physiological) estrogen replacement on the side-effects and clinical and hormonal parameters of 22 hirsute women with ovarian hyperandrogenism when treated with a long-acting GnRH-A, Decapeptyl. Ten patients with Ferriman-Gallwey (FG) scores averaging 13.4 +/- 1.5 were randomly assigned to be treated with Decapeptyl alone (3.75 mg, im, every 28 days for 6 months), and 12 other patients with FG scores aver…

AdultHirsutismendocrine systemmedicine.medical_specialtyAdolescentmedicine.drug_classEndocrinology Diabetes and MetabolismClinical BiochemistryOvaryMedroxyprogesterone AcetateGonadotropin-releasing hormoneBiochemistryGonadotropin-Releasing HormoneEndocrinologyGonadotropin-releasing hormone agonistInternal medicinemedicineHumansMedroxyprogesterone acetateEstrogen replacementConjugated Equine EstrogensTestosteronehirsutismTriptorelin PamoateVasomotorbusiness.industryEstrogen Replacement TherapyBiochemistry (medical)HyperandrogenismObstetrics and GynecologyDrug SynergismGeneral Medicinemedicine.diseaseMenstruationmedicine.anatomical_structureEndocrinologyEstrogenGonadotropins PituitaryAndrogensDrug Therapy CombinationFemalebusinesshormones hormone substitutes and hormone antagonistsHormonemedicine.drugObstetrical &amp; Gynecological Survey
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The autoantigen La/SS-B: Analysis of the expression of alternatively spliced La mRNA isoforms

1996

The gene for the nuclear autoantigen La/SS-B encodes two La mRNA isoforms. In order to study the function and expression of both La mRNA forms, an in situ hybridization procedure was developed allowing the selective identification of either exon 1 or exon 1'. For this purpose, digoxigenin-labeled exon-specific sense and anti-sense probes were prepared by in vitro transcription from plasmids that contained the respective exon sequence. Detection of the probes was carried out by using rhodamine-conjugated anti-digoxigenin antibody and confocal laser scanning microscopy. Both La mRNAs were found in the cytoplasm of endothelial cells but not in smooth muscle cells. In addition to the in situ te…

AdultHistologyMolecular Sequence DataGene ExpressionIn situ hybridizationBiologyAutoantigensPolymerase Chain ReactionPathology and Forensic MedicineExonExon trappingIsomerismGene expressionHumansSaphenous VeinEndotheliumRNA MessengerMammary ArteriesGeneIn Situ HybridizationMessenger RNABase SequenceExonsCell BiologyMolecular biologyAlternative SplicingLiverRibonucleoproteinsCytoplasmPrimer (molecular biology)DNA ProbesTranscription Factors
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