Search results for "Geometric"

showing 10 items of 652 documents

Theoretical Tools for the Description of Strong Field Laser-Molecule Interaction

2016

In this chapter, the main theoretical tools used in the work presented in the next two chapters on the laser control of the radiationless decay in pyrazine and of the tunneling dynamics in NHD\(_2\), are introduced.

PhysicsWork (thermodynamics)PyrazineStrong fieldLaserlaw.inventionchemistry.chemical_compoundGeometric phasechemistrylawMoleculeAtomic physicsRabi frequencyQuantum tunnelling
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Wavelength-flattened directional couplers for mirror-symmetric interferometers

2005

In the context of guided optics, we derive, analytically and geometrically, a rigorous general criterion to design wavelength insensitive interferometers with mirror symmetry, which are needed for wavelength multiplexing/demultiplexing. The criterion is applied to a practical case, resulting in an interferometer that works on a band wider than 70 nm.

Physicsbusiness.industryFOS: Physical sciencesPhysics::OpticsContext (language use)Optical directional couplersMultiplexingAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsWavelengthInterferometryOptical waveguide filtersOpticsOptical interferometryWavelength division multiplexingAstronomical interferometerPower dividers and directional couplersGeometric modelingbusinessMirror symmetryOptical planar waveguide componentsPhysics - OpticsOptics (physics.optics)
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Rotational Doppler Frequency Shift from Time‐Evolving High‐Order Pancharatnam–Berry Phase: A Metasurface Approach

2021

The Doppler frequency shift of sound or electromagnetic waves has been widely investigated in many different contexts and, nowadays, represents a formidable tool in medicine, engineering, astrophysics, and optics. Such effect is commonly described in the framework of the universal energy-momentum conservation law. In particular, the rotational Doppler effect has been recently demonstrated using light carrying orbital angular momentum. When a wave undergoes a cyclic adiabatic transformation of its Hamiltonian, it is known to acquire the so-called Pancharatnam–Berry (PB) phase. In this work, an experimental evidence of the direct connection between the high-order PB phase time evolution on th…

Physicsbusiness.industryPancharatnam–Berry phaseCondensed Matter PhysicsAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsMetasurfacesOpticsGeometric phaseorbital angular momentumDoppler frequencyrotational Doppler frequency shiftHigh orderbusinessLaser & Photonics Reviews
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Molecular correlation functions for uniaxial ellipsoids in the isotropic state

2006

We perform event-driven molecular dynamics simulations of a system composed by uniaxial hard ellipsoids for different values of the aspect-ratio and packing fraction . We compare the molecular orientational-dependent structure factors previously calculated within the Percus-Yevick approximation with the numerical results. The agreement between theoretical and numerical results is rather satisfactory. We also show that, for specific orientational quantities, the molecular structure factors are sensitive to the particle shape and can be used to distinguish prolate from oblate ellipsoids. A first-order theoretical expansion around the spherical shape and a geometrical analysis of the configura…

Physicshard ellipsoid; isotropic-nematic transition; structureGeometric analysisPHASE-DIAGRAMIsotropyStructure (category theory)General Physics and AstronomyFOS: Physical sciencesState (functional analysis)Condensed Matter - Soft Condensed MatterAtomic packing factorEllipsoidLINEAR-MOLECULESMolecular dynamicsClassical mechanicsNEMATIC TRANSITIONFLUIDSHARD ELLIPSOIDSParticleSoft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)Physical and Theoretical Chemistry
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Density-functional based tight-binding study of small gold clusters

2006

In this paper, we report the ability of self-consistent-charge density-functional based tight-binding method to describe small gold clusters. We concentrate our investigations mainly on anions, and find that the method describes their geometric and electronic structures fairly well, in comparison with density-functional calculations. In particular, the method correctly reproduces the planarity of ground-state structures up to cluster sizes in agreement with experiment and density-functional theory.

Physicsself-consistent-field methodTight bindingOrbital-free density functional theoryCluster (physics)General Physics and AstronomyAtomic physicsspectroscopy and geometrical structure of clustersMolecular physicsPlanarity testingdensity functional theory
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Quantum Criticality of Spin Liquids in Novel Insulators and Magnets

2014

Strongly correlated Fermi systems are among the most intriguing and fundamental systems in physics, whose realization in some compounds is still under consideration. Quantum spin liquids are a promising new phases, where exotic quantum states of matter could be realized. Exotic quantum spin liquid (QSL) made of such hypothetic particles as fermionic spinons which carry spin \(1/2\) and no charge are considered in this chapter. Magnetic insulators with geometrical frustration produce important experimental facts shedding light on the nature of quantum spin liquid composed of spinons. We present a theory of the thermodynamic properties of quantum spin liquids, elucidating how their properties…

Physicssymbols.namesakeCondensed matter physicsQuantum stateGeometrical frustrationFermi levelQuasiparticlesymbolsCondensed Matter::Strongly Correlated ElectronsSpin engineeringQuantum spin liquidSpin (physics)Spinon
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Strictly convex corners scatter

2017

We prove the absence of non-scattering energies for potentials in the plane having a corner of angle smaller than $\pi$. This extends the earlier result of Bl{\aa}sten, P\"aiv\"arinta and Sylvester who considered rectangular corners. In three dimensions, we prove a similar result for any potential with a circular conic corner whose opening angle is outside a countable subset of $(0,\pi)$.

Plane (geometry)non-scattering energiesGeneral Mathematicsta111010102 general mathematicsMathematical analysis01 natural sciencescomplex geometrical optics solutions010101 applied mathematicsMathematics - Analysis of PDEscorner scatteringConic sectionFOS: MathematicsCountable set0101 mathematicsConvex functionMathematicsAnalysis of PDEs (math.AP)
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Some remarks on Geometric simple connectivity in dimension Four. Part A

2007

The present paper contains some complements and comments to the longer article Geometric simple connectivity in smooth four dimensional differential Topology, Part A. Its aim is to be a useful companion when reading that article,and also to help in understand how it fits into the first author’s programforthe Poincar´e conjecture.

Poincar´e conjecture.Geometric
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Presentations for the punctured mapping class groups in terms of Artin groups

1999

Consider an oriented compact surface F of positive genus, possibly with boundary, and a finite set P of punctures in the interior of F, and define the punctured mapping class group of F relatively to P to be the group of isotopy classes of orientation-preserving homeomorphisms h: F-->F which pointwise fix the boundary of F and such that h(P) = P. In this paper, we calculate presentations for all punctured mapping class groups. More precisely, we show that these groups are isomorphic with quotients of Artin groups by some relations involving fundamental elements of parabolic subgroups.

Pointwise20F38Class (set theory)presentationsGroup (mathematics)20F36Boundary (topology)Geometric Topology (math.GT)mapping class groupsSurface (topology)Mathematics::Geometric TopologyMapping class groupCombinatoricsMathematics - Geometric TopologyArtin groupsGenus (mathematics)FOS: MathematicsIsotopyGeometry and Topology57N0557N05 20F36 20F38MathematicsAlgebraic & Geometric Topology
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Maiolica bricks spires and domes in Sicily.Tipology, constructive and decorative elements

2018

The use of maiolica bricks as artefact for surface decoration is widespread both in monumental and ordinary architectures in the Mediterranean regions, harmonizing the local construction traditions with the Islamic influences. This study presents an in-depth analysis of examples of spires and domes in Sicily featuring earthenware maiolica cladding serving both as decoration and structural element. Due to the limited knowledge of these artefacts, incautious construction operations led to an alteration of their material and technical features, putting at risk a centuries-old heritage. The systematic investigation on more than a hundred samples categorises these architectural polychrome elemen…

Polychromatic maiolica tilegeometric patterns conservation practice.wedge-shaped brickparametric modelSettore ICAR/10 - Architettura TecnicaSettore ICAR/17 - Disegno
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