Search results for "Geometric"

showing 10 items of 652 documents

Wedge-shaped bricks spires and domes. Construction and decorative aspects

2018

The use of maiolica bricks as artefact for surface decoration is widespread both in monumental and ordinary architectures in the Mediterranean regions, harmonizing the local construction traditions with the Islamic influences. This study presents an in-depth analysis of examples of spires and domes in Sicily featuring earthenware maiolica cladding serving both as decoration and structural element. Due to the limited knowledge of these artefacts, incautious construction operations led to an alteration of their material and technical features, putting at risk a centuries-old heritage. The systematic investigation on more than a hundred samples categorises these architectural polychrome elemen…

Polychromatic maiolica tiles wedge-shaped bricks parametric model geometric patterns conservation practice.Settore ICAR/10 - Architettura TecnicaSettore ICAR/17 - Disegno
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A Monte Carlo Study of Knots in Long Double-Stranded DNA Chains.

2016

We determine knotting probabilities and typical sizes of knots in double-stranded DNA for chains of up to half a million base pairs with computer simulations of a coarse-grained bead-stick model: Single trefoil knots and composite knots which include at least one trefoil as a prime factor are shown to be common in DNA chains exceeding 250,000 base pairs, assuming physiologically relevant salt conditions. The analysis is motivated by the emergence of DNA nanopore sequencing technology, as knots are a potential cause of erroneous nucleotide reads in nanopore sequencing devices and may severely limit read lengths in the foreseeable future. Even though our coarse-grained model is only based on …

PolymersMaterials by StructureMolecular biologyMaterials ScienceElectrophoretic techniquesDNA electrophoresisNucleotide SequencingMolecular Dynamics SimulationBiochemistryNanoporesSequencing techniquesMathematical and Statistical Techniquesstomatognathic systemGeneticsBiochemical SimulationsNanotechnologyDNA sequencingMaterials by AttributeNanomaterialsQuantitative Biology::BiomoleculesBiology and life sciencesMathematical Modelsfood and beveragesComputational BiologyDNAPolymer ChemistryMathematics::Geometric TopologyResearch and analysis methodsNucleic acidsChemistrysurgical procedures operativeMolecular biology techniquesMacromoleculesRandom WalkPhysical SciencesNucleic Acid ConformationEngineering and TechnologyMonte Carlo MethodResearch ArticlePLoS computational biology
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The Plateau-Bézier Problem

2003

We study the Plateau problem restricted to polynomial surfaces using techniques coming from the theory of Computer Aided Geometric Design. The results can be used to obtain polynomial approximations to minimal surfaces. The relationship between harmonic Bezier surfaces and minimal surfaces with free boundaries is shown.

PolynomialGeometric designMinimal surfaceMathematical analysisConstant-mean-curvature surfaceGeometryBézier curvePlateau (mathematics)Plateau's problemBernstein polynomialMathematics
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A Characterization of Quintic Helices

2005

A polynomial curve of degree 5, @a, is a helix if and only if both @[email protected]^'@? and @[email protected]^'@[email protected]^''@? are polynomial functions.

PolynomialTheorem of LancreteducationComputingMilieux_LEGALASPECTSOFCOMPUTINGCharacterization (mathematics)behavioral disciplines and activitiesMathematics::Algebraic TopologyCombinatoricsMathematics - Geometric TopologyTheoryofComputation_ANALYSISOFALGORITHMSANDPROBLEMCOMPLEXITYhealth services administrationComputingMethodologies_SYMBOLICANDALGEBRAICMANIPULATIONFOS: Mathematicshealth care economics and organizationsMathematicsPhysics::Biological PhysicsQuantitative Biology::BiomoleculesDegree (graph theory)InformationSystems_INFORMATIONSYSTEMSAPPLICATIONSApplied MathematicsMathematical analysisGeometric Topology (math.GT)Pythagorean hodograph curveshumanitiesQuintic functionComputational MathematicsGeneralized polynomial helices
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Singularity formation and separation phenomena in boundary layer theory

2009

In this paper we review some results concerning the behaviour of the incompressible Navier–Stokes solutions in the zero viscosity limit. Most of the emphasis is put on the phenomena occurring in the boundary layer created when the no-slip condition is imposed. Numerical simulations are used to explore the limits of the theory. We also consider the case of 2D vortex layers, i.e. flows with internal layers in the form of a rapid variation, across a curve, of the tangential velocity.

Prandtl's equations Separation Spectral Methods Complex singularities Blow up time Regularizing viscosityBoundary layerClassical mechanicsSingularityDynamical systems theoryGeometric mechanicsDifferential equationComputational mechanicsFluid mechanicsSettore MAT/07 - Fisica MatematicaBoundary element methodMathematicsMathematical physics
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Commensurability in Artin groups of spherical type

2019

Let $A$ and $A'$ be two Artin groups of spherical type, and let $A_1,\dots,A_p$ (resp. $A'_1,\dots,A'_q$) be the irreducible components of $A$ (resp. $A'$). We show that $A$ and $A'$ are commensurable if and only if $p=q$ and, up to permutation of the indices, $A_i$ and $A'_i$ are commensurable for every $i$. We prove that, if two Artin groups of spherical type are commensurable, then they have the same rank. For a fixed $n$, we give a complete classification of the irreducible Artin groups of rank $n$ that are commensurable with the group of type $A_n$. Note that it will remain 6 pairs of groups to compare to get the complete classification of Artin groups of spherical type up to commensur…

Primary 20F36 Secondary 57M07 20B30Group (mathematics)General MathematicsSpherical typeGeometric Topology (math.GT)Group Theory (math.GR)Type (model theory)Rank (differential topology)Commensurability (mathematics)CombinatoricsPermutationMathematics - Geometric TopologyMathematics::Group TheoryFOS: MathematicsMathematics - Group TheoryMathematics
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Differences in inner ear asymmetry levels between slow-moving and fast-moving primates

2021

International audience; The vestibular system of the inner ear, highly involved in maintaining balance during activities and positional behaviour of animals, has been deeply studied in order to link its morphology with the specific type of locomotion. Previous studies (e.g. Perier et al. 2016, Gonzales et al. 2018) have shown that, in primates, the amount of morphological variation is higher in slow-moving species than in fast-moving ones. These results indicate a lower selective pressure and a reduced functional demand for postural adjustments in the former group, and a higher selective pressure for balance and postural capabilities in the latter. In this study, we assessed if the differen…

Primates[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio]3D Geometric Morphometrics[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio][SDV.BA.ZV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology/Vertebrate ZoologyInner ear[SDV.BDD] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Development BiologyAsymmetry[SDV.BA.ZV] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology/Vertebrate Zoology[SDV.BDD]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Development BiologyLocomotion
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Edma 0-6 : educación matemática en la infancia

2018

There are numerous studies that support the interest of starting the development of algebraic thinking in Primary School. In this paper, we present a part of a research project aimed to explore the processes of solution of geometric pattern problems by students in Primary grades 4th to 6th. We analyze the behavior of students who were administered a teaching unit based on the resolution of this type of problems in the GeoPattern application, created by the authors for this purpose. A characteristic of the application is that it informs the students on the correctness of their answers and allows them to respond again to the same question when their answer was wrong. This causes the students …

Problem solvingenseñanza primariaGeneralizaciónGeometric patternstecnología de la educaciónEducación PrimariaFeedbackSoftware didácticoAlgebraenseñanza a distanciaÁlgebraEducational softwareRetroalimentaciónResolución de problemasdispositivo móvillogicalPatrones geométricos_Otro (geometría)GráficoPrimary SchoolOtro (metodologías)geometríaSoftware
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A Stevedore's protein knot.

2009

Protein knots, mostly regarded as intriguing oddities, are gradually being recognized as significant structural motifs. Seven distinctly knotted folds have already been identified. It is by and large unclear how these exceptional structures actually fold, and only recently, experiments and simulations have begun to shed some light on this issue. In checking the new protein structures submitted to the Protein Data Bank, we encountered the most complex and the smallest knots to date: A recently uncovered α-haloacid dehalogenase structure contains a knot with six crossings, a so-called Stevedore knot, in a projection onto a plane. The smallest protein knot is present in an as yet unclassified …

Protein FoldingHydrolasesProtein ConformationComputational Biology/Macromolecular Structure Analysis02 engineering and technologyBiologyMolecular Dynamics SimulationComputational Biology/Molecular DynamicsCombinatorics03 medical and health sciencesCellular and Molecular NeuroscienceKnot (unit)Protein structureGeneticsStructural motifDatabases ProteinMolecular Biologylcsh:QH301-705.5Ecology Evolution Behavior and Systematics030304 developmental biology0303 health sciencesTopological complexityQuantitative Biology::BiomoleculesEcologycomputer.file_format021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyProtein Data BankMathematics::Geometric TopologyComputational Theory and MathematicsBiochemistrylcsh:Biology (General)Modeling and SimulationProtein foldingStevedore knot0210 nano-technologySingle loopcomputerResearch ArticlePLoS Computational Biology
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Differences in the Response to Methacholine Between the Tidal Breathing and Dosimeter Methods

2008

Background It has been postulated that differences in provocative concentration of methacholine causing a 20% fall in FEV 1 (PC 20 ) values between the dosimeter method and tidal breathing method might be due to differences in the dose of agonist delivered to the mouth. The aim of the present study was to determine the influence of the dose of aerosol delivered to the mouth on differences in the response obtained with each challenge method. Methods This study measured airway responsiveness to methacholine by dosimeter method and tidal breathing method in 27 subjects with suspected asthma. The dosimeter was modified to deliver an identical volume to that obtained with the tidal breathing met…

Pulmonary and Respiratory MedicineDosimeterbusiness.industryCritical Care and Intensive Care Medicinemedicine.diseaseCrossover studyConfidence intervalAnesthesiamedicineMethacholineLung volumesGeometric meanCardiology and Cardiovascular MedicinebusinessTidal volumeAsthmamedicine.drugChest
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