Search results for "Geometry"

showing 10 items of 4487 documents

Twotrans-4-aminoazoxybenzenes

2001

Two isomeric trans-4-aminoazoxybenzenes, trans-1-(4-aminophenyl)-2-phenyldiazene 2-oxide (alpha, C(12)H(11)N(3)O) and trans-2-(4-aminophenyl)-1-phenyldiazene 2-oxide (beta, C(12)H(11)N(3)O), have been characterized by X-ray diffraction. The alpha isomer is almost planar, having torsion angles along the C(aryl)-N bonds of only 4.9 (2) and 8.0 (2) degrees. The relatively short C(aryl)-N bond to the non-oxidized site of the azoxy group [1.401 (2) A], together with the significant quinoid deformation of the respective phenyl ring, is evidence of conjugation between the aromatic sextet and the pi-electron system of the azoxy group. The geometry of the beta isomer is different. The non-substitute…

Azoxychemistry.chemical_compoundCrystallographyMolecular geometryChemistryStereochemistryHydrogen bondAtomMoleculeGeneral MedicineCrystal structureGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyActa Crystallographica Section C Crystal Structure Communications
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Bruhat–Tits Trees and Modular Groups

2019

In this chapter, we give background information and preliminary results on the main link between the geometry and the algebra used for our arithmetic applications: the (discrete-time) geodesic ow on quotients of Bruhat{Tits trees by arithmetic lattices.

Background informationMathematics::Group TheoryPure mathematicsGeodesicbusiness.industryLink (geometry)Algebra over a fieldModular designbusinessQuotientMathematics
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Estimation of Vegetation Structure Parameters From SMAP Radar Intensity Observations

2021

In this article, we present a multipolarimetric estimation approach for two model-based vegetation structure parameters (shape A and orientation distribution ψ of the main canopy elements). The approach is based on a reduced observation set of three incoherent (no phase information) polarimetric backscatter intensities (|S HH | 2 , |S HV | 2 , and |S VV | 2 ) combined with a two-parameter (A P and ψ) discrete scatterer model of vegetation. The objective is to understand whether this confined set of observations contains enough information to estimate the two vegetation structure parameters from the L-band radar signals. In order to disentangle soil and vegetation scattering influences on th…

Backscatter:Enginyeria de la telecomunicació::Radiocomunicació i exploració electromagnètica::Radar [Àrees temàtiques de la UPC]Incoherent scatterSynthetic aperture radarGeometryvegetation modelPhysics::GeophysicsBackscatterScatteringPolarimetryddc:550vegetation structureVegetacióDiscrete scattererElectrical and Electronic EngineeringpolarimetryVegetation mappingPhysicsRadarScatteringscatteringShapeOrder (ring theory)PlantsOrientation (vector space)DipoleVegetation structureDistribution (mathematics)Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP)Vegetation modelGeneral Earth and Planetary SciencesEstimationIntensity (heat transfer)radarIEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing
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Digital image analysis technique for measuring railway track defects and ballast gradation

2018

Abstract In order to guarantee safety and driving comfort and to maintain an efficient railway infrastructure, the first step is to carefully monitor the track geometry and wear level of the materials constituting the superstructure. To that end diagnostic trains are widely used on main lines, in that they can detect several geometric track parameters and rail wear, but under no circumstances they can yet detect ballast gradation. Due to the practical implications for the planning of maintenance operations on the railway network, this article presents a “DIP” digital image processing technique for measuring the transverse profile and corrugations of the rails as well as ballast gradation. T…

BallastStatistics and ProbabilityEngineering3304Aggregate gradationRail profile02 engineering and technologyRailway trackCondensed Matter PhysicTrack (rail transport)BallastAutomotive engineeringStereoscopic visionDigital image processing0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringRail profileSettore ICAR/04 - Strade Ferrovie Ed AeroportiTrack geometryElectrical and Electronic EngineeringInstrumentationbusiness.industryApplied Mathematics020208 electrical & electronic engineeringStructural engineeringCondensed Matter PhysicsRail inspection020201 artificial intelligence & image processingGradationTrainImage analysibusiness
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Toward the development of metal-based synthetic nucleases: DNA binding and oxidative DNA cleavage of a mixed copper(II) complex with N-(9H-purin-6-yl…

2009

Abstract The complex [Cu(N9-ABS)(phen) 2 ]·3.6H 2 O, H 2 N9-ABS  = N -(9 H -purin-6-yl)benzenesulfonamide and phen = 1,10-phenanthroline, has been synthesized and then characterized with the aid of X-ray diffraction, analytical, and spectroscopic techniques. The geometry of Cu(II) is distorted square pyramidal with the equatorial positions occupied by three N atoms from two phenantroline molecules and one N atom from the adenine ring of the sulfonamide ligand. The interaction of the complex with DNA was studied by means of viscosity measurements and fluorescence spectroscopy. The results pointed to a classic intercalation of the complex between the DNA base pairs. The complex was found to b…

Base pairStereochemistryIntercalation (chemistry)Antineoplastic AgentsApoptosisCleavage (embryo)BiochemistryJurkat cellsInorganic ChemistryJurkat Cellschemistry.chemical_compoundOrganometallic CompoundsHumansDNA CleavageCytotoxicitySulfonamidesChemistryDNASquare pyramidal molecular geometryProto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2ApoptosisCaco-2 CellsTumor Suppressor Protein p53CopperDNAPhenanthrolinesJournal of Inorganic Biochemistry
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Experimental observations of upstream overdeepening

2005

The issue of morphodynamic influence in meandering streams is investigated through a series of laboratory experiments on curved and straight flumes. Both qualitative and quantitative observations confirm the suitability of the recent theoretical developments (Zolezzi & Seminara 2001) that indicate the occurrence of two distinct regimes of morphodynamic influence, depending on the value of the width ratio of the channel β. The threshold value βR separating the upstream from the downstream influence regimes coincides with the resonant value discovered by Blondeaux & Seminara (1985). Indeed it is observed that upstream influence may occur only in relatively wide channels, while narrower stream…

BedformMechanics of MaterialsMechanical EngineeringOverdeepeningThe issue of morphodynamic influence in meandering streams is investigated through a series of laboratory experiments on curved and straight flumes. Both qualitative and quantitative observations confirm the suitability of the recent theoretical developments (Zolezzi & Seminara 2001) that indicate the occurrence of two distinct regimes of morphodynamic influence depending on the value of the width ratio of the channel β. The threshold value βR separating the upstream from the downstream influence regimes coincides with the resonant value discovered by Blondeaux & Seminara (1985). Indeed it is observed that upstream influence may occur only in relatively wide channels while narrower streams are dominated by downstream influence. A series of experiments has been carried out in order to check the above theoretical predictions and show for the first time evidence of the occurrence of upstream overdeepening. Two different sets of experiments have been designed where a discontinuity in channel geometry was present such that the channel morphodynamics was influenced in the upstream direction under super-resonant conditions (β >βR) and in the downstream direction under sub-resonant conditions (β <βR). Experimental results give qualitative and quantitative support to the theoretical predictions and allow us to clarify the limits of the linear analysis.MechanicsLinear analysisCondensed Matter PhysicsWidth ratioGeology
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How to learn a conceptual space

2005

the experiments proposed in the article by steels &amp; belpaeme (s&amp;b) can be considered as a starting point toward a general methodology for the automatic learning of conceptual spaces.

Behavioral NeuroscienceNeuropsychology and Physiological PsychologyConceptual frameworkConceptual blendingPhysiologyComputer scienceHuman–computer interactionConceptual systemConceptual model (computer science)Point (geometry)Conceptual spaceAutomatic learning
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Movement dependent position changes of the antennular flagellum ofPalaemon xiphias (Risso)

1977

The angular positions of the outer flagellum ofPalaemon xiphias were obtained by cinematographic measurements during different phases of locomotion. Contrary to the upright resting position the flagella are stretched forward into a distinct starting position preliminary to any forward movement, and then pushed down with acceleration of swimming speed. These phenomena are discussed in context with comparable behaviour in other decapods and in insects.

Behavioral NeuroscienceSwimming speedPhysiologyMovement (music)Position (vector)Animal Science and ZoologyGeometryContext (language use)AnatomyBiologyFlagellumEcology Evolution Behavior and SystematicsJournal of Comparative Physiology ? A
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Counter-complementarity control of the weak exchange interaction in a bent {Ni(ii)3 complex with a μ-phenoxide-μ-carboxylate double bridge

2019

We have prepared and structurally characterized a novel {Ni3} bent complex bearing a double μ-phenoxide-μ-carboxylate bridge. Both terminal Ni(ii) sites are symmetry related, offering a simplified exchange interaction scheme. DC magnetic data is consistent with a weak antiferromagnetic interaction between the central and terminal Ni(ii) ions. As expected for a Ni(ii) system, local zero-field splitting is observed, which can be experimentally established. Broken symmetry quantum chemical calculations, as well as ab initio CASSCF-SA-SOC computations that support the magnetic experimental data, were also performed. From the analysis of other reported closely related Ni(ii) systems, a counter-c…

Bent molecular geometryExchange interactionAb initioCiencias Químicas02 engineering and technologyGeneral ChemistryComputer Science::Computational Geometry010402 general chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyQuímica Inorgánica y Nuclear01 natural sciencesCatalysisSymmetry (physics)0104 chemical sciencesIonCrystallographychemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryMaterials ChemistryAntiferromagnetismCarboxylateSymmetry breaking0210 nano-technologyno correspondeCIENCIAS NATURALES Y EXACTAS
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Dimeres und Trimers 1-Methyl-1-aza-5-stannabicyclo[3.3.01,5]-octan sulfid [MeN(CH2CH2CH2)2SnS]n, Röntgenstrukturanalyse des Dimeren und Gleichgewicht…

1991

Abstract The crystal structure of the dimeric title compound has been determined and refined to R = 0.0266. The core of the nearly centrosymmetric dimer is formed by an almost perfect [SnS]2 rectangle (Sn-S 2.39 and 2.51 A). The two sulfur atoms of this rectangle establish the connecting edge of two distorted trigonal bipyramids around the two tin atoms (Sn … N 2.55 A). Solutions of the title compound contain in addition to the dimer (σ(119Sn) = −4.6 ppm) about 20% of the trimer (+ 10.3 ppm). By quick crystallization a mixture of both oligomers can be transferred into the solid state.

Bicyclic moleculeChemistryDimerOrganic ChemistryTrimerCrystal structureBiochemistrylaw.inventionInorganic ChemistryBond lengthCrystallographychemistry.chemical_compoundMolecular geometrylawX-ray crystallographyMaterials ChemistryPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryCrystallizationJournal of Organometallic Chemistry
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