Search results for "Germination"
showing 10 items of 251 documents
Localization and Activity of Naphthylamidases in Germinating Seeds of Scots Pine, Pinus sylvestris
1976
Extracts prepared from endosperms of germinating seeds of Scots pine, Pinus sylvestris L., rapidly hydrolysed the β-naphthylamides of L-phenylalanine and L-leucine optimally at pH 6.5 and that of L-arginine at pH 7.7. Disc electrophoresis followed by activity staining showed that the activities were due to two naphthylamidases (aminopeptidases) with different substrate specificities. Seeds were allowed to germinate at 20°C on agar gel in the dark and the activities on the three substrates were assayed from separated endosperms and seedlings at various stages of germination. The activities in the endosperm of resting seeds were relatively high and they remained unchanged throughout the perio…
Ecophysiology of germination in Sicilian population of Ferula communis (Umbelliferae)
2010
Ferula communis L. is an umbelliferous plant widespread in the Mediterranean basin and particularly abundant in Sicily and Sardinia islands (Italy). In this species, two chemotypes have been distinguished: one is poisonous and responsible of hemorrhagic syndrome of livestock, known as ferulosis, while the other one (non- poisonous) has anticancer activity due to the presence of daucane esters. In Sicily the dry stem of this plant has commercial applications in special manufactured products. The object of the research was to investigate the germination ecophysiology of nine Sicilian populations of F. communis, in order to establish the correct germplasm conservation of the chemotypes economi…
Light induces expression of a dehydrin-encoding gene during seedling de-etiolation in sunflower (Helianthus annus L.)
2007
The effects of light quality on the expression of a sunflower dehydrin-encoding gene, HaDhn1, were studied during seedling de-etiolation. Seeds were germinated in the dark and, after 5 days, seedlings were maintained well watered and de-etiolated under different lights for 3, 6, 12, and 24h. Exposure to white light stimulated HaDhn1 transcript accumulation in the cotyledons of these seedlings, contrary to seedlings grown in the dark. HaDhn1 transcripts increased also treating plantlets with monochromatic lights, especially red light. The increase of HaDhn1 transcripts is provoked by the formation of the active form of phytochrome. Further experiments, performed saturating active phytochrome…
Seed dormancy and germination of an endangered coastal plantEryngium maritimum(Apiaceae)
2013
INTRODUCTION Eryngium maritimum L. is a littoral species growing on sand dunes and shingle beaches. Although it is listed among the species widespread in western and southern Europe, overall its population is declining (Van der Maarel & Van der Maarel-Versluys, 1996). The species is included in the Red Data Book of Latvia (Fatare, 2003) and is protected in several other European countries. In northern Europe and in the Baltic Region it grows near the limits of its current area of distribution and therefore is at a greater risk of extinction because in small and isolated populations there is a risk of inbreeding depression. For example, in Eryngium alpinum partial self-incompatibility causes…
Inbreeding depression in perennial Lychnis viscaria (Caryophyllaceae): effects of population mating history and nutrient availability.
2005
We studied inbreeding depression in a perennial plant, Lychnis viscaria, in three populations differing in their inbreeding history and population size by measuring several traits at two nutrient levels over the plant's life cycle. The observed levels of inbreeding depression (cumulative inbreeding depression, from -0.057 to 0.629) were high for a plant with a mixed mating system. As expected, the population with a low level of isozyme variation expressed the least inbreeding depression for seed germination. Highest inbreeding depression for germination was found in the largest and genetically most variable population. No clear differences between populations in expression of inbreeding dep…
1H NMR-based metabolic profiling for evaluating poppy seed rancidity and brewing
2015
Poppy seeds are widely used in household and commercial confectionery. The aim of this study was to demonstrate the application of metabolic profiling for industrial monitoring of the molecular changes which occur during minced poppy seed rancidity and brewing processes performed on raw seeds. Both forms of poppy seeds were obtained from a confectionery company. Proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) was applied as the analytical method of choice together with multivariate statistical data analysis. Metabolic fingerprinting was applied as a bioprocess control tool to monitor rancidity with the trajectory of change and brewing progressions. Low molecular weight compounds were found to be…
Differences in the activity and distribution of peroxidases from three different portions of germinating Brassica oleracea seeds
2002
Peroxidase (POD, EC 1.11.1.7) activity, cellular localization and isozyme patterns were investigated in the seed integument, cotyledon and embryo axis of Brassica oleracea cv. Cappuccio during pregermination and seedling growth. Seeds started to germinate after 24 h of imbibition. POD activity was localized in the pigmented layer of the integument and in procambial strands of the cotyledon and embryo axis in the first 24 h of imbibition. It was localized in the integumental cells of palisade, pigmented and aleurone layers and in epidermal, meristematic, procambial cells and xylem elements of the root and hypocotyl after 48 h of imbibition. POD activity increased during germination and early…
Olive embryo in vitro germination potential: Role of explant configuration and embryo structure among cultivars
2014
The in vitro germination of excised embryos can break dormancy rapidly and shorten the time required to produce seedlings, speeding up olive breeding programmes as well as rootstock production. In this study, the in vitro germination potential of four Sicilian olive cultivars was evaluated during two years of experiments, using explants with three different morphological configurations that represent three different degrees of embryo exposure: (1) intact stoneless seeds containing the embryo, the endosperm and the seed coat (Emb+En+SC), (2) seeds without the seed coat (Emb+En) and (3) naked, isolated embryos (seed coat and endosperm both removed: Emb). Differences were found in the germinat…
Morphological characterization, germination ecology and conservation of narrow endemic plant species of the Aeolian Islands (Sicily)
2016
This stusy is focused on four narrow endemic species of the Aeolian fora: Anthemis aeolica, Erysimum brulloi, Cytisus aeolicus and Silene hicesiae. Morphological characterization of seeds, seed germination and dormancy regulation have been investigated for these species.