Search results for "Gestational"
showing 10 items of 352 documents
Maternal Vitamin D Status in Pregnancy and Risk of Lower Respiratory Tract Infections, Wheezing, and Asthma in Offspring
2011
Background Adequate vitamin D status in mothers during pregnancy may influence the health status of the child later in life. We assessed whether maternal circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) concentrations in pregnancy are associated with risk of lower respiratory tract infections, wheezing, and asthma in the offspring. Methods Data were obtained from 1724 children of the INfancia y Medio Ambiente (INMA) Project, a population-based birth cohort study. Maternal circulating 25(OH)D concentrations were measured in pregnancy (mean gestational age = 12.6 [SD = 2.5] weeks). When the child was age 1 year, parents were asked if their child had a physician-confirmed history of lower respiratory…
A Decision-Tree Approach to Assist in Forecasting the Outcomes of the Neonatal Brain Injury
2021
Neonatal brain injury or neonatal encephalopathy (NE) is a significant morbidity and mortality factor in preterm and full-term newborns. NE has an incidence in the range of 2.5 to 3.5 per 1000 live births carrying a considerable burden for neurological outcomes such as epilepsy, cerebral palsy, cognitive impairments, and hydrocephaly. Many scoring systems based on different risk factor combinations in regression models have been proposed to predict abnormal outcomes. Birthweight, gestational age, Apgar scores, pH, ultrasound and MRI biomarkers, seizures onset, EEG pattern, and seizure duration were the most referred predictors in the literature. Our study proposes a decision-tree approach b…
Speech and language development of children born at 32 weeks' gestation: a 5-year prospective follow-up study
2008
Speech and language comprehension and production were assessed at the age of 5 years in a cohort of children born preterm at 32 weeks' gestational age (N=55) in comparison with children born at term and of similar age, sex, and social backgrounds. Data both including and excluding major neurological disabilities are presented. Mean performance for the entire group of preterm children was significantly lower than for the controls on most of the measures including the composite IQ scores. When the nine children who had major neurological disabilities were excluded from the preterm “group, statistically significant differences were found on four of the total 12 speech and language measures. In…
Economic analysis of the costs associated with prematurity from a literature review
2012
International audience; Abstract : Objectives : To analyse published cost-of-illness studies that had assessed the cost of prematurity according to gestational age at birth. Methods : A review of the literature was carried out in March 2011 using the following databases: Medline, ScienceDirect, The Cochrane Library, Econlit and Business Source Premier, and a French Public-Health database. Key-word sequences related to ‘prematurity’ and ‘costs’ were considered. Studies that assessed costs according to the gestational age (GA) at the premature birth (<37 weeks of gestation) in industrialized countries and during the last two decades were included. Variations in the reported costs were anal…
Prenatal exposure to traffic-related air pollution and fetal growth in a cohort of pregnant women
2012
Objectives Scant evidence is available on effects of air pollution on longitudinally measured fetal biometry, and thus it remains unclear as to whether there are critical windows of exposure or specificity of effects. Our objective was to examine the association between exposure to nitrogen dioxide (NO2) during pregnancy and fetal and neonatal anthropometry in a cohort of Spanish women. Methods Temporally adjusted land-use regression was used to estimate exposure to NO2 at home addresses. Biparietal diameter (BPD), abdominal circumference (AC), femur length (FL) and estimated fetal weight (EFW) were evaluated in each trimester by ultrasound. As neonatal outcomes, weight, length and head cir…
Interactive Guidance Intervention to Address Sustained Social Withdrawal in Preterm Infants in Chile: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial
2020
Background Preterm newborns can be exposed early to significant perinatal stress, and this stress can increase the risk of altered socioemotional development. Sustained social withdrawal in infants is an early indicator of emotional distress which is expressed by low reactivity to the environment, and if persistent, is frequently associated with altered psychological development. Infants born prematurely have a higher probability of developing sustained social withdrawal (adjusted odds ratio 1.84, 95% CI 1.04-3.26) than infants born full term, and there is a correlation between weight at birth and sustained social withdrawal at 12 months of age. Objective The aims of this study are to comp…
Studies on the kinetics and renal excretion of low and high molecular weight dextrans in preterm babies, newborns and young infants.
1977
Administration of low and high molecular weight dextrans in the initial phase of shock is no longer controversial. The special conditions in newborns, however, have been insufficiently considered in planning therapy. This investigation aimed at determining the biological half-lives of dextran 40 (Rheomacrodex®) and dextran 60 (Macrodex®) in this age group. The half-life of dextran 40 was found to be 60 min and that of dextran 60 3 h. Preterm babies and newborns excrete up to 25% less dextran 40 and 60 in 24 h than infants and adults. Normal adult values for excretion are only reached towards the end of the first year of life.
Prevalence of hypospadias in Italy according to severity, gestational age and birthweight: an epidemiological study
2009
Abstract Background Hypospadias is a congenital displacement of the urethral meatus in male newborns, being either an isolated defect at birth or a sign of sexual development disorders. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence rate of hypospadias in different Districts of Italy, in order to make a comparison with other countries all over the world. Methods We reviewed all the newborns file records (years 2001–2004) in 15 Italian Hospitals. Results We found an overall hypospadias prevalence rate of 3.066 ± 0.99 per 1000 live births (82.48% mild hypospadias, 17.52% moderate-severe). In newborns Small for Gestational Age (birthweight th percentile) of any gestational age the prevalen…
Neonatal problems of late and moderate preterm infants.
2012
International audience; Late and moderate preterm infants account for \textgreater80% of premature births. These newborns experience considerable mortality and morbidity in comparison with full-term born infants. The purpose of this paper is to summarise the most common morbidities of late and moderate preterm infants in the neonatal period, their incidence, severity, risk factors and need for admission to the different levels of care. The recent findings on preventive strategies and management priorities for clinical care of these vulnerable babies are also reviewed.
PO-0483 Prospective Observational Study Of Doxapram For The Treatment Of Apnea Of Prematurity
2014
Background and aims After the implementation of a local treatment protocol at our NICU, we aimed to systematically evaluate if intubation for apnea of prematurity was avoided by doxapram. We asked, if frequency and severity of apneas were affected and if side effects occurred. Methods We prospectively analysed all premature infants 2 and side effects an hour before, at the start of, and during 48 h after onset of treatment. Results 21 of 66 (31.8%) infants (mean gestational age 25.5 weeks, mean birth weight 705 g) were treated during 2½ years. All of them had been treated with caffeine and CPAP before doxapram was applied. In 13 of 67 (19%) therapy courses, infants were intubated because of…