Search results for "GiST"

showing 10 items of 3463 documents

Legibility of Text and Pictograms in Variable Message Signs: Can Single-Word Messages Outperform Pictograms?

2018

The current research shows the advantage of single-word messages in the particular case of variable message signs (VMSs) with a high aspect ratio.Early studies on traffic sign design proposed that pictorial information would advantage equivalent text messages in static signs.We used a driving simulator to present individually 36 VMSs, showing six words (e.g., "congestion") and six danger signs (e.g., congestion traffic sign). In Experiment 1, 18 drivers read aloud the text or orally identified the pictograms as soon as they could correctly do it. In Experiment 2, a different sample of 18 drivers gave a motor response, according to the meaning of the message. We analyzed the legibility dista…

AdultAutomobile DrivingInjury controlComputer sciencePoison controlHuman Factors and Ergonomicscomputer.software_genreLegibilityPictogramText messageBehavioral Neuroscience0502 economics and businessHumans0501 psychology and cognitive sciences050107 human factorsApplied Psychology050210 logistics & transportationbusiness.industry05 social sciencesVariable (computer science)Pattern Recognition VisualReadingSpace PerceptionArtificial intelligencebusinessTraffic signcomputerWord (computer architecture)Natural language processingPsychomotor PerformanceHuman factors
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Rheological blood behavior is not only influenced by cardiovascular risk factors but also by aging itself. Research into 927 healthy Spanish Mediterr…

2013

It is not well-established whether the alterations that the hemorheological profile undergoes with aging are an effect of concomitant cardiovascular risk factors or are due to age itself. To clarify this issue, we investigated the effect of age on blood rheology in a population of 927 healthy subjects from eastern Spain aged between 16-85 years, divided into four age groups (<30, 30-44, 45-50, ≥60 years) with and without cardiovascular risk factors. We determined blood viscosity, corrected blood viscosity (BVc), plasma viscosity (PV), erythrocyte aggregation (EA), erythrocyte deformability (EEI60) and fibrinogen, along with glucose and plasma lipids. We found that corrected blood viscosity …

AdultBlood GlucoseErythrocyte AggregationMalemedicine.medical_specialtyAgingAdolescentPhysiologyBlood viscosityPopulationFibrinogenLogistic regressionErythrocyte aggregationYoung AdultRisk FactorsPhysiology (medical)Internal medicineMedicineErythrocyte deformabilityHumanseducationMean corpuscular volumeAgedAged 80 and overeducation.field_of_studymedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryAge FactorsFibrinogenHematologyMiddle AgedLipidsEndocrinologyCardiovascular DiseasesSpainConcomitantImmunologyHemorheologyFemaleCardiology and Cardiovascular Medicinebusinessmedicine.drugClinical hemorheology and microcirculation
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Influence of lifelong cumulative HIV viremia on long-term recovery of CD4+ cell count and CD4+/CD8+ ratio among patients on combination antiretrovira…

2015

OBJECTIVE We explored the impact of lifelong cumulative HIV viremia on immunological recovery during antiretroviral therapy, according to the timing of treatment initiation. METHODS We estimated lifelong cumulative HIV viremia in patients followed in the ANRS PRIMO cohort since primary infection, including 244 patients who started treatment during PHI and had at least one treatment interruption, and 218 patients who started treatment later but with no interruptions. The impact of cumulative viremia on current immunological status was analysed using linear and logistic regression models. RESULTS At the last visit on treatment, median CD4 cell count was 645 cells/μl in the early/intermittent …

AdultCD4-Positive T-LymphocytesMalePercentilemedicine.medical_specialtyTime FactorsImmunologyCD4-CD8 RatioHuman immunodeficiency virus (HIV)CD4-CD8 RatioHIV InfectionsViremiaCD8-Positive T-Lymphocytesmedicine.disease_causeLogistic regressionMedication AdherenceCohort StudiesAntiretroviral Therapy Highly ActiveInternal medicineSecondary PreventionmedicineHumansImmunology and AllergyLongitudinal StudiesProspective StudiesViremiaCd4 cell countbusiness.industrymedicine.diseaseAntiretroviral therapyCD4 Lymphocyte CountInfectious DiseasesAnti-Retroviral AgentsCohortImmunologyFemalebusinessAIDS
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How do age and social environment affect the dynamics of death hazard and survival in patients with breast or gynecological cancer in France?

2021

Several studies have investigated the association between net survival and social inequalities in people with cancer, highlighting a varying influence of deprivation depending on the type of cancer studied. However, few of these studies have accounted for the effect of social inequalities over the follow-up period, and/or according to the age of the patients. Thus, using recent and more relevant statistical models, we investigated the effect of social environment on net survival in women with breast or gynecological cancer in France. The data were derived from population-based cancer registries, and women diagnosed with breast or gynecological cancer between 2006 and 2009 were included. We …

AdultCancer ResearchDeprivationGenital Neoplasms FemalePopulationBreast NeoplasmsAffect (psychology)03 medical and health sciencesNet survival0302 clinical medicineBreast cancerBreast cancerMedicineHumansSocial inequality030212 general & internal medicineRegistrieseducationAgedCervical cancerAged 80 and overeducation.field_of_studybusiness.industryAge FactorsSocial environmentCancerMiddle Agedmedicine.diseasePrognosis3. Good healthSurvival RateSocial environmentOncologySocioeconomic Factors030220 oncology & carcinogenesisGynecological cancerFemale[SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologieFrancebusinessOvarian cancerDemographyFollow-Up Studies
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Cancer in children and adolescents in Europe: Developments over 20 years and future challengers

2006

This special issue contains 18 articles describing population-based analyses of incidence and survival for cancer among children and adolescents in Europe over the period 1978-1997. The analyses were derived from the large database of the ACCIS project (Automated Childhood Cancer Information System), which was built through collaboration of 62 population-based cancer registries in 19 European countries. Data on 88,465 cancers in children and 15,369 in adolescents (age 15-19 yrs) were included in the various analyses, making this the largest database on cancer in these age-groups in the world. National data were grouped into five European regions to allow comparisons of incidence and surviva…

AdultCancer ResearchPediatricsmedicine.medical_specialtycancer incidenceTime FactorsAdolescentDatabases FactualPopulationSDG 3 - Good Health and Well-beingNeoplasmsmedicineHumansRegistriesMortalityeducationChildeducation.field_of_studycancer incidence; Childhood cancers - survival - time trendsbusiness.industryPublic healthIncidence (epidemiology)IncidenceConfoundingInfant NewbornCancerInfantmedicine.diseaseSurvival AnalysisEuropeOncologyEl NiñoData qualityChild PreschoolEtiologybusinessChildhood cancers - survival - time trendsDemography
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Individual and neighbourhood socioeconomic measures and the risk of non-central nervous system solid tumours in children: A nationwide register-based…

2021

Abstract Background The aetiology for most solid tumours in childhood is largely unknown. The lack of evidence concerns also the relationship between socioeconomic position (SEP) and risk of childhood solid tumours other than in the central nervous system (CNS). We sought to access the association between individual and neighbourhood SEP measures and risk of childhood non-CNS solid tumours in Denmark and to evaluate whether associations varied by measure of SEP, time point of SEP assessment (during pregnancy versus before diagnosis) and tumour type. Methods We conducted a nationwide case-control study based on Danish registry data. We identified all children born in 1980–2013 and diagnosed …

AdultCancer ResearchRegister-based studyAdolescentEpidemiologyDenmarkPopulationCentral Nervous System NeoplasmsArea-based socioeconomic positionDanishYoung Adult03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicinePregnancyResidence CharacteristicsRisk FactorsmedicineHumansRegistries030212 general & internal medicineChildeducationSocioeconomic statusNeighbourhood (mathematics)Pregnancyeducation.field_of_studybusiness.industryChildhood solid tumoursInfant NewbornCase-control studyInfantmedicine.diseaselanguage.human_languageCancer registrySocioeconomic positionSocioeconomic FactorsOncologyCase-Control StudiesChild Preschool030220 oncology & carcinogenesislanguageEtiologyFemalebusinessDemographyCancer Epidemiology
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Treatment and outcomes of patients in the Brain Metastases in Breast Cancer Network Registry

2018

Brain metastases (BMs) have a major impact on life expectancy and quality of life for many breast cancer patients. Knowledge about treatment patterns and outcomes is limited.We analysed clinical data of 1712 patients diagnosed with BMs from breast cancer between January 2000 and December 2016 at 80 institutions.Median age at diagnosis of BMs was 56 years (22-90 years). About 47.8% (n = 732) of patients had HER2-positive, 21.4% (n = 328) had triple-negative and 30.8% (n = 471) had hormone receptor (HR)-positive, HER2-negative (luminal-like) primary tumours. The proportion of patients with HER2-positive BMs decreased comparing the years 2000-2009 with 2010-2015 (51%-44%), whereas the percenta…

AdultCancer Researchmedicine.medical_specialtyTime FactorsReceptor ErbB-2Posterior fossaAge at diagnosisBreast NeoplasmsTriple Negative Breast NeoplasmsYoung Adult03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineBreast cancerQuality of lifeRisk FactorsGermanyInternal medicineBiomarkers TumormedicineHumansRegistriesskin and connective tissue diseasesAgedRetrospective StudiesAged 80 and overBrain Neoplasmsbusiness.industryMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseTreatment OutcomeOncologyHormone receptor030220 oncology & carcinogenesisCohortLife expectancyFemalePrimary breast cancerbusiness030217 neurology & neurosurgeryEuropean Journal of Cancer
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Use of complementary and alternative medicine: A multicenter cross-sectional study in 1089 melanoma patients.

2016

Abstract Background About half of patients with cancer use complementary and alternative medicine (CAM). So far, data on melanoma patients are missing. Objective The aim of our study was to evaluate the prevalence and predictors for the use of CAM in this patient group. Methods All patients with melanoma being attended at one of 7 skin cancer centres in Germany between March 2012 and March 2013 were invited to take part in a survey using a structured questionnaire on CAM. The physicians filled in a second part on the diagnosis, state and former and current therapy. Results Nearly half of the 1089 participants (41.0%) used CAM and half of those using CAM (56.8%) marked that this made them fe…

AdultComplementary TherapiesCancer Researchmedicine.medical_specialtyHealth Knowledge Attitudes Practiceanimal structuresCross-sectional studyAlternative medicine03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineGermanymedicineHumans030212 general & internal medicinePatient groupMelanomaAgedAged 80 and overbusiness.industryPrint mediaMelanomaCancerMiddle AgedPatient Acceptance of Health Caremedicine.diseaseCross-Sectional StudiesLogistic ModelsOncology030220 oncology & carcinogenesisFamily medicineFemaleSkin cancerbusinessPsychosocialEuropean journal of cancer (Oxford, England : 1990)
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Morbidity and mortality in Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania in the 1980's.

1993

The purpose of the present study was to examine the general morbidity and mortality rates in the three Baltic republics — Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania during a decade before the collapse of the Soviet Union. Official statistical data were used to compare morbidity and mortality rates. A method of standardization and life table functions were employed. Soviet morbidity statistics were predominantly descriptive, and based mainly on crude rates registered cases of illness during a year per 100 000 population. The death rates during the Soviet period are a better indicator of the health of the populations than more specific health indicators. A general deterioration of the ecological, social …

AdultCross-Cultural ComparisonEstoniaMalemedicine.medical_specialtyAdolescentPopulationDeveloping country050109 social psychology03 medical and health sciencesEconomic situationLife ExpectancySex FactorsCause of DeathAbsenteeismmedicineHumans0501 psychology and cognitive sciencesLife TablesRegistriesMortalityeducationChildHealth policyAgedAged 80 and overeducation.field_of_study030505 public healthPublic healthMortality rate05 social sciencesPublic Health Environmental and Occupational HealthAge FactorsInfantReproducibility of ResultsLithuaniaMiddle AgedLatviaDemographic analysisGeographySocioeconomic FactorsChild PreschoolLife expectancyFemaleMorbidity0305 other medical scienceDemographyScandinavian journal of social medicine
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Follow-Up Data Improve the Estimation of the Prevalence of Heavy Alcohol Consumption.

2018

Aims. We aim to adjust for potential non-participation bias in the prevalence of heavy alcohol consumption. Methods. Population survey data from Finnish health examination surveys conducted in 1987–2007 were linked to the administrative registers for mortality and morbidity follow-up until end of 2014. Utilising these data, available for both participants and non-participants, we model the association between heavy alcohol consumption and alcohol-related disease diagnoses. Results. Our results show that the estimated prevalence of heavy alcohol consumption is on average of 1.5 times higher for men and 1.8 times higher for women than what was obtained from participants only (complete case an…

AdultData AnalysisMaleAlcohol Drinking030508 substance abuseongelmakäyttöheavy drinking03 medical and health sciencesHealth examination0302 clinical medicineEnvironmental healthfollow-upPrevalenceMedicineHumans030212 general & internal medicineRegistriesFinlandPopulation surveyAgedEstimationta112Heavy drinkingbusiness.industryFollow up studiesPercentage pointta3142General MedicineMiddle Agedalcohol drinkingHealth SurveysFemaleseurantatutkimusalkoholinkäyttö0305 other medical sciencebusinessAlcohol consumptionAlcohol-Related Disorderssurvey-tutkimusCase analysisFollow-Up StudiesAlcohol and alcoholism (Oxford, Oxfordshire)
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