Search results for "Gif"

showing 10 items of 158 documents

TGF-β Signaling Pathways in Different Compartments of the Lower Airways of Patients With Stable COPD

2017

Background: The expression and localization of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) pathway proteins in different compartments of the lower airways of patients with stable COPD is unclear. We aimed to determine TGF-β pathway protein expression in patients with stable COPD. Methods: The expression and localization of TGF-β pathway components was measured in the bronchial mucosa and peripheral lungs of patients with stable COPD (n = 44), control smokers with normal lung function (n = 24), and control nonsmoking subjects (n = 11) using immunohistochemical analysis. Results: TGF-β1, TGF-β3, and connective tissue growth factor expression were significantly decreased in the bronchiolar epithelium…

MaleCCN2 connective tissue growth factorSmad Proteinsairway inflammationCritical Care and Intensive Care MedicineTRAP-1 transforming growth factor-β receptor-associated binding proteinPulmonary Disease Chronic ObstructiveLAP latency-associated peptideSMAD small mother against decapentaplegicBAMBI CTGF SMAD TGF-B airway inflammation autoimmunityLungTGF transforming growth factorLLC large latent complexBAMBI CTGF SMAD TGF-β Airway Inflammation AutoimmunityautoimmunityMiddle Agedrespiratory systemLTBP latent transforming growth factor-β binding proteinImmunohistochemistryTGIF 5′-TG-3′-interacting factorECM extracellular matrixTGFBI transforming growth factor-β-induced proteinFemaleCardiology and Cardiovascular MedicinePI3K phosphoinositide 3-kinaseSignal TransductionTGF-βPulmonary and Respiratory MedicineTGF-βR TGF-β receptorSocio-culturaleBronchiRespiratory MucosaArticleTGF-BTransforming Growth Factor beta1Transforming Growth Factor beta3Macrophages AlveolarHumansAgedBAMBI; CTGF; SMAD; TGF-β; airway inflammation; autoimmunityBAMBIMembrane ProteinsCTGFBMP bone morphogenetic proteinBAMBI; CTG; SMAD; TGF-β; airway inflammation; autoimmunityCTGBAMBI bone morphogenetic proteins and activin membrane-bound inhibitorrespiratory tract diseasesairway inflammation; autoimmunity; BAMBI; CTGF; SMAD; TGF-β; Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine; Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine; Cardiology and Cardiovascular MedicineCase-Control StudiesBiomarkersMAPK mitogen-activated protein kinaseSMAD

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Identification of Naïve Hcv-1 Patients with Chronic Hepatitis who may Benefit from Dual Therapy with Peg-Interferon and Ribavirin.

2014

Background & Aims The pool of HCV genotype 1 patients likely to be cured by peg-interferon and ribavirin remains to be quantified. Methods In 1045 patients treated with peg-interferon and ribavirin, two therapeutic strategies were confronted: the first one evaluated only baseline variables associated with sustained virological response (SVR), and the second one included the rapid virologic response (RVR) in addition to baseline predictors. An 80% SVR rate was the threshold to retain a strategy as clinically relevant. Results Overall, 414 patients (39.6%) attained SVR. In the first strategy, the hierarchy of features independently associated with SVR was IL28B CC genotype (OR 5.082; CI 3.637…

MaleIL28BChronic HCV liver diseaseHepacivirusGastroenterologyPolyethylene GlycolsVirological responseresponse predictorschemistry.chemical_compoundantiviral therapyGenotypeViralChronicchronic hepatitis C; antiviral therapy; response predictorsSettore MED/12 - Gastroenterologiavirus diseasesMiddle AgedHepatitis CRecombinant ProteinsCombinationHCVFemalePredictors of response; Ribavirin; Peg-interferon; HCV; Chronic HCV liver diseaseAdultmedicine.medical_specialtyGenotypeChronic HCV liver disease; HCV; Peg-interferon; Predictors of response; Ribavirin; Adult; Aged; Antiviral Agents; Drug Therapy Combination; Female; Genotype; Hepacivirus; Hepatitis C Chronic; Humans; Interferon-alpha; Male; Middle Aged; Polyethylene Glycols; RNA Viral; Recombinant Proteins; Ribavirin; HepatologyPredictors of responseViremiaAntiviral AgentsDrug TherapyChronic hepatitisInternal medicineRibavirinmedicinechronic hepatitis CHumansDual therapyRapid Virologic ResponseAgedgenotype 1Peg-interferonHepatologybusiness.industryRibavirinInterferon-alphamedicine.diseasedigestive system diseasesSurgeryPeg interferonPegIFNchemistryRNAbusiness

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Ultrastructure and formation of the physogastric termite queen cuticle

1982

0040-8166 (Print) Journal Article; The physogastric termite queen is the most striking example in insects of growth in size without cuticular moulting. This phenomenon has been studied with electron microscopy and histochemical tests in two species of higher termites, Cubitermes fungifaber and Macrotermes bellicosus. The abdominal hypertrophy (physogastry) is allowed by growth of the arthrodial membranes of the swarming imago. The growth is slow (over several years) but important: the cuticular dry weight is multiplied by 20 in C. fungifaber, by 100-150 in M. bellicosus. The termite queen cuticle arises from the transformation of the cuticle of the swarming imago or imaginal cuticle (unfold…

MaleInsectaMembranes/ultrastructureSwarming (honey bee)Arthropod cuticleElectronMacrotermes bellicosusAnimalsGlycosaminoglycansGlycosaminoglycans/analysisMicroscopyMembranesbiologyHistocytochemistryCell BiologyGeneral MedicineAnatomyPeriodic Acid-Schiff Reactionbiology.organism_classificationMicroscopy ElectronCubitermes fungifaberUltrastructureFemaleMoultingInsects/analysis/*growth & development/ultrastructureDevelopmental Biology

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Mathematical models for the diffusion magnetic resonance signal abnormality in patients with prion diseases

2014

In clinical practice signal hyperintensity in the cortex and/or in the striatum on magnetic resonance (MR) diffusion-weighted images (DWIs) is a marker of sporadic Creutzfeldt–Jakob Disease (sCJD). MR diagnostic accuracy is greater than 90%, but the biophysical mechanisms underpinning the signal abnormality are unknown. The aim of this prospective study is to combine an advanced DWI protocol with new mathematical models of the microstructural changes occurring in prion disease patients to investigate the cause of MR signal alterations. This underpins the later development of more sensitive and specific image-based biomarkers. DWI data with a wide a range of echo times and diffusion weightin…

MalePathologysCJD sporadic Creutzfeldt–Jakob diseaseROI region of interestPrion diseasePrPSc prion protein scrapieElectroencephalographyFOV field of viewlcsh:RC346-429Prion DiseasesADC apparent diffusion coefficientTI inversion timeRPE rapidly progressive encephalopathyAged 80 and overTE echo timeBrain Mappingmedicine.diagnostic_testBrainRegular ArticleMiddle AgedBIC Bayesian information criterionTR repetition timemedicine.anatomical_structureNeurologylcsh:R858-859.7FemaleMPRAGE magnetization-prepared rapid acquisition gradient-echoAbnormalitySS-SE single shot spin-echoAdultmedicine.medical_specialtyCognitive NeuroscienceCreutzfeldt–Jakob diseaseCNR contrast to noise ratioEPI echo-planar imagingNeuropathologyPrPC prion protein cellularGrey matterSpongiform degenerationlcsh:Computer applications to medicine. Medical informaticsEEG electroencephalogramDiffusion MRINeuroimagingImage Interpretation Computer-AssistedmedicineHumansRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imaginglcsh:Neurology. Diseases of the nervous systemAgedCJD Creutzfeldt–Jakob diseaseGSS Gerstmann–Sträussler–Scheinker syndromebusiness.industryDWI diffusion weighted imagingDiffusion MRI; Biophysical models; Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease; Prion disease; Spongiform degenerationMagnetic resonance imagingModels TheoreticalHyperintensityCreutzfeldt-Jakob diseaseDiffusion Magnetic Resonance ImagingNeurology (clinical)businessBiophysical modelsDiffusion MRINeuroImage: Clinical

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Differences in the Density of Fungiform Papillae and Composition of Saliva in Patients With Taste Disorders Compared to Healthy Controls

2017

International audience; This study investigated the relation of the fungiform taste papillae density and saliva composition with the taste perception of patients suffering from diagnosed taste disorders. For this purpose, 81 patients and 40 healthy subjects were included. Taste was measured by means of regional and whole mouth chemosensory tests, and electrogustometry. Olfaction was assessed using the Sniffin Sticks. Fungiform papillae were quantified using the "Denver Papillae Protocol for Objective Analysis of Fungiform Papillae". In addition, salivary parameters [flow rate, total proteins, catalase, total anti-oxidative capacity (TAC), carbonic anhydrase VI (caVI), and pH] were determine…

MaleSalivaTastefungiforme papillaePhysiology[ SDV.AEN ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutritionsignal-detection measuresDentistryPhysiologyperceptiontasteBehavioral Neuroscience0302 clinical medicineMedicine030223 otorhinolaryngologyLingual papillaAged 80 and overElectrogustometryTaste PerceptionMiddle AgedTaste BudsSensory SystemsTaste disorderchorda tympani nerveFemalemedicine.symptomperformanceoleic-acidAdultgene polymorphismOlfactiontaste disordersbud density03 medical and health sciencesYoung Adultstomatognathic systemPhysiology (medical)HumansAgedsalivabusiness.industryBeck Depression Inventorytongue-regionAgeusiasensitivityCase-Control Studiesbusinessintensity[SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition030217 neurology & neurosurgery

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Food quality and nutraceutical value of nine cultivars of mango (Mangifera indica L.) fruits grown in Mediterranean subtropical environment

2019

Mango (Mangifera indica L.) quality is strongly influenced by genotype but individuating the most appropriate harvesting time is essential to obtain high quality fruits. In this trial we studied the influences of the ripening stage at harvest (mature-ripe or green-ripe) on quality of ready to eat mango fruits from nine cultivars (Carrie, Keitt, Glenn, Manzanillo, Maya, Rosa, Osteen, Tommy Atkins and Kensington Pride) grown in the Mediterranean subtropical climate through physicochemical, nutraceutical, and sensory analysis. Our results show a large variability among the different observed genotypes and in dependence of the ripening stage at harvest. With the exception of Rosa, mature-ripe f…

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Evaluation of genotoxicity and DNA protective effects of mangiferin, a glucosylxanthone isolated from Mangifera indica L. stem bark extract.

2012

Abstract Mangiferin is a glucosylxantone isolated from Mangifera indica L. stem bark. Several studies have shown its pharmacological properties which make it a promising candidate for putative therapeutic use. This study was focused to investigate the in vitro genotoxic effects of mangiferin in the Ames test, SOS Chromotest and Comet assay. The genotoxic effects in bone marrow erythrocytes from NMRI mice orally treated with mangiferin (2000 mg/kg) were also evaluated. Additionally, its potential antimutagenic activity against several mutagens in the Ames test and its effects on CYP1A1 activity were assessed. Mangiferin (50–5000 μg/plate) did not increased the frequency of reverse mutations …

MaleStereochemistryDNA damageBinucleated cellsXanthonesPharmacologyToxicologymedicine.disease_causeAmes testRats Sprague-Dawleychemistry.chemical_compoundMicemedicineAnimalsMangiferinMangiferaPlant StemsChemistryMutagenicity TestsPlant ExtractsGeneral MedicineDNARatsComet assaySOS chromotestComet AssayMicronucleusGenotoxicityFood Science

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Cost effectiveness of boceprevir or telaprevir for previously treated patients with genotype 1 chronic hepatitis C.

2013

Background & Aims Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) show that triple therapy (TT) with peginterferon alfa, ribavirin, and boceprevir (BOC) or telaprevir (TVR) is more effective than peginterferon-ribavirin dual therapy (DT) in the treatment of genotype 1 (G1) chronic hepatitis C (CHC) patients with previous relapse (RR), partial response (PAR), and null-response (NR). We assess the cost-effectiveness of TT compared to no therapy in the treatment of patients previously treated with G1 CHC. Methods The available published literature provided the data source. The target population was made up of previously treated Caucasian patients with G1 CHC and these were evaluated over a lifetime horizo…

MaleTVRCost effectivenessCost-Benefit AnalysisPIPeginterferon-alfaBOCHepacivirusBOC Boceprevir CHC Cost-effectiveness DT G1 ICER NR PAR PI PegIFN RBV RR TVR Telaprevir boceprevir chronic hepatitis C dual therapy genotype 1 incremental cost-effectiveness ratio non-response partial response pegylated interferon protease inhibitors relapse ribavirin telaprevirTelaprevirTelaprevirchemistry.chemical_compoundPegylated interferonnon-responseboceprevirincremental cost-effectiveness ratioRBVTreatment FailureDThealth care economics and organizationsRandomized Controlled Trials as Topicrelapsecost effectivenessICERMiddle AgedMarkov ChainsModels EconomicItalyQuality-Adjusted Life YearsSettore SECS-P/02 - politica economicaSettore SECS-S/01 - StatisticaIncremental cost-effectiveness ratioOligopeptidesmedicine.drugmedicine.medical_specialtyGenotypeProlineribavirinSettore MED/12 - GASTROENTEROLOGIAprotease inhibitorsNRRRAntiviral AgentsInternal medicineBoceprevirG1medicineHumanschronic hepatitis Cpegylated interferongenotype 1Hepatologybusiness.industryRibavirindual therapyHepatitis C ChronicQuality-adjusted life yearSurgeryCHCPegIFNchemistryCost-effectivenesspartial responsebusinessPAR

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Spatial analysis of bovine spongiform encephalopathy in Galicia, Spain (2000–2005)

2007

Abstract In Spain, the first bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) case was detected in 2000 in a cow born in the Galicia region (Northwestern Spain). From then and until October 2005, 590 cases were detected, 223 of them in Galicia. In 1994, meat and bone meal (MBM) was banned on ruminant feed and, in 1996, an EU decision mandating an overall change in MBM processing was implemented. This decision was gradually applied in the territory and not enforced before July 1998. The objective of this study was to explore clustering of BSE cases and estimate the standard incidence ratio (SIR) of BSE in Galicia. Our study was based on the BSE cases detected during the surveillance period 2000–2005 i…

MaleVeterinary medicineBovine spongiform encephalopathyPopulationFood ContaminationFood AnimalsRisk FactorsmedicineAnimalseducationeducation.field_of_studyIncidenceBayes Theoremmedicine.diseaseAnimal FeedMeat and bone mealEncephalopathy Bovine SpongiformGeographySpainSpace-Time ClusteringBirth dateCattleFemaleAnimal Science and ZoologySentinel SurveillanceDemographyPreventive Veterinary Medicine

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A Large Scale Test of the Effect of Social Class on Prosocial Behavior

2015

Does being from a higher social class lead a person to engage in more or less prosocial behavior? Psychological research has recently provided support for a negative effect of social class on prosocial behavior. However, research outside the field of psychology has mainly found evidence for positive or u-shaped relations. In the present research, we therefore thoroughly examined the effect of social class on prosocial behavior. Moreover, we analyzed whether this effect was moderated by the kind of observed prosocial behavior, the observed country, and the measure of social class. Across eight studies with large and representative international samples, we predominantly found positive effect…

MaleVolunteersaltruistic behaviorsoziale Schichtlcsh:Medicineeveryday lifeinternationaler Vergleichbehavioral researchsozioökonomische Faktorencredibilityddc:150Psychologyvoluntarinesslcsh:ScienceVerhaltensforschungFreiwilligkeitpanelClass (computer programming)GlaubwürdigkeitAlltagdonationMiddle AgedProsocial behaviorCharitiesDonationIncomeFemalePsychologySozialpsychologieSocial psychologysocial stratumResearch ArticleAdultSocial PsychologyScale testsocioeconomic factorsFamily incomeSocial classTrustYoung Adultprosoziales VerhaltenHumansMessungInterpersonal RelationsOccupationsSocial BehaviorSpendeISSPField (Bourdieu)Psychological researchlcsh:RSOEPinternational comparisonZuverlässigkeitGift GivingtrustworthinessSocial ClassPsychologielcsh:Qsoziale Klassemeasurementsocial class

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