Search results for "Gluon"

showing 10 items of 697 documents

A glimpse of gluons through deeply virtual compton scattering on the proton

2017

The internal structure of nucleons (protons and neutrons) remains one of the greatest outstanding problems in modern nuclear physics. By scattering high-energy electrons off a proton we are able to resolve its fundamental constituents and probe their momenta and positions. Here we investigate the dynamics of quarks and gluons inside nucleons using deeply virtual Compton scattering (DVCS)—a highly virtual photon scatters off the proton, which subsequently radiates a photon. DVCS interferes with the Bethe-Heitler (BH) process, where the photon is emitted by the electron rather than the proton. We report herein the full determination of the BH-DVCS interference by exploiting the distinct energ…

Genetics and Molecular Biology (all)PhotonProtonHigh Energy Physics::LatticeNuclear TheoryGeneral Physics and AstronomyVirtual particleparton: distribution functionBiochemistry01 natural sciencesHigh Energy Physics - ExperimentHigh Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)[PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex]p: structure functionNuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)[ PHYS.NEXP ] Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex]lcsh:ScienceNuclear ExperimentNuclear ExperimentPhysicsenergy: highMultidisciplinarystrong interactionChemistry (all)QCompton scattering: form factorphoton: energy spectrumHigh Energy Physics - Phenomenologyconfinementelectron p --> electron p photonchannel cross section: measuredQuarkelectron p: deep inelastic scatteringParticle physicselectron: polarized beamScienceStrong interactionFOS: Physical sciencesBethe-Heitler[PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex]ArticleGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular Biologyenergy dependencequarkPhysics and Astronomy (all)[ PHYS.HEXP ] Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex]photon: emissiondeeply virtual Compton scattering0103 physical sciencesstructure010306 general physicsquantum mechanics: interference010308 nuclear & particles physicsHigh Energy Physics::PhenomenologyCompton scatteringGeneral ChemistrygluonsensitivityGluon[PHYS.HPHE]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Phenomenology [hep-ph]Quark–gluon plasmalcsh:Q[ PHYS.HPHE ] Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Phenomenology [hep-ph]High Energy Physics::ExperimentholographyChemistry (all); Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular Biology (all); Physics and Astronomy (all)photon: virtualexperimental results
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Searches for transverse momentum dependent flow vector fluctuations in Pb-Pb and p-Pb collisions at the LHC

2017

The measurement of azimuthal correlations of charged particles is presented for Pb-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}}=$ 2.76 TeV and p-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}}=$ 5.02 TeV with the ALICE detector at the CERN Large Hadron Collider. These correlations are measured for the second, third and fourth order flow vector in the pseudorapidity region $|��|<0.8$ as a function of centrality and transverse momentum $p_{\rm T}$ using two observables, to search for evidence of $p_{\rm T}$-dependent flow vector fluctuations. For Pb-Pb collisions at 2.76 TeV, the measurements indicate that $p_{\rm T}$-dependent fluctuations are only present for the second order flow vector. Similar results hav…

HEAVY-ION COLLISIONSnucl-extransverse momentum dependenceCOLLABORATIONangular correlation [charged particle]High Energy Physics - ExperimentHigh Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)ALICEmodel: hydrodynamicstransport theory[PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex]Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)[ PHYS.NEXP ] Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex]Nuclear ExperimentNuclear ExperimentMonte CarloHeavy Ion Experiments; RELATIVISTIC NUCLEAR COLLISIONS; HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS; QUARK-GLUON; PLASMA; COLLECTIVE FLOW; COLLABORATIONPLASMAfluctuation [geometry]flow: anisotropygeometry: fluctuationQUARK-GLUONCERN LHC CollHeavy Ion Experiments; Nuclear and High Energy PhysicsflowRELATIVISTIC NUCLEAR COLLISIONSHeavy Ion ExperimentQuark-Gluon PlasmaParticle Physics - Experiment2760 GeV/nucleon5020 GeV/nucleonNuclear and High Energy PhysicsCERN LabCOLLECTIVE FLOWFOS: Physical sciencestransverse momentum[PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex]vector [fluctuation]Heavy Ion Experimentsscattering [heavy ion][ PHYS.HEXP ] Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex]factorizationlcsh:Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivityddc:530hydrodynamics [model]Nuclear Physics - Experimentnumerical calculationsinitial stateleadHeavy Ion Experiments Nuclear and High Energy Physics.hep-exboundary conditionrapiditycorrelationviscositylcsh:QC770-798High Energy Physics::Experimentp nucleusentropy: densitycharged particle: angular correlationexperimental results
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Soft-dielectron excess in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV

2021

Physical review letters 127(4), 042302 (2021). doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.127.042302

HadronGeneral Physics and Astronomylow [transverse momentum]dielectron productionscattering [hadron hadron]01 natural sciencesSpectral lineQUARK-GLUON PLASMAHigh Energy Physics - ExperimentMany-body problemHigh Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)ALICEscattering [p p][PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex]multiplicityInvariant massDielectronNuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)Nuclear ExperimentNuclear Experimenthadron-hadron scatteringAU COLLISIONSPhysicsQuantum chromodynamicsbremsstrahlung: hadronicLarge Hadron Colliderradiation: thermalPhysicsMUON PAIRSPHOTON PRODUCTIONBremsstrahlungELECTRON-PAIR PRODUCTIONddc:hadron: decayCERN LHC CollkinematicsMASS DILEPTON PRODUCTIONmany-body problemMASS DILEPTON PRODUCTION; ELECTRON-PAIR PRODUCTION; SPACE-TIME EVOLUTION; ETA-MESON PRODUCTION; QUARK-GLUON PLASMA; PHOTON PRODUCTION; NUCLEUS COLLISIONS; AU COLLISIONS; P-BE; MUON PAIRShadron hadron: scatteringParticle Physics - ExperimentParticle physicsp p: scatteringETA-MESON PRODUCTIONtransverse momentum: lowFOS: Physical sciencesthermal [radiation]Physics and Astronomy(all)[PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex]5300103 physical sciencesSPACE-TIME EVOLUTIONddc:530Nuclear Physics - ExperimentMultiplicity (chemistry)010306 general physicsenhancementp nucleus: scatteringP-BEhadronic [bremsstrahlung]ALICE particle physics010308 nuclear & particles physicsALICE experimentparametrizationscattering [p nucleus]p p: scattering ; bremsstrahlung: hadronic ; transverse momentum: low ; p nucleus: scattering ; radiation: thermal ; hadron: decay ; hadron hadron: scattering ; CERN LHC Coll ; enhancement ; ALICE ; many-body problem ; parametrization ; multiplicity ; acceptance ; kinematics ; experimental results ; 13000 GeV-cms/nucleon13000 GeV-cms/nucleonHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentNUCLEUS COLLISIONSdecay [hadron]ALICE experiment dielectron production hadron-hadron scatteringacceptanceexperimental results
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Measurement of the azimuthal ordering of charged hadrons with the ATLAS detector

2012

This paper presents a study of the possible ordering of charged hadrons in the azimuthal angle relative to the beam axis in high-energy proton-proton collisions at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). A spectral analysis of correlations between longitudinal and transverse components of the momentum of the charged hadrons, driven by the search for phenomena related to the structure of the QCD field, is performed. Data were recorded with the ATLAS detector at center-of-mass energies of √s=900  GeV and √s=7  TeV. The correlations measured in a kinematic region dominated by low-pT particles are not well described by conventional models of hadron production. The measured spectra show features consis…

HadronNuclear TheoryParton7. Clean energy01 natural sciencesSpectral lineHigh Energy Physics - ExperimentHigh Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)Subatomic Physics[PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex]HadronesNuclear ExperimentPhysicsQuantum chromodynamicsLarge Hadron ColliderSettore FIS/01 - Fisica SperimentaleATLASordering of charged hadrons;ComputingMethodologies_DOCUMENTANDTEXTPROCESSINGFísica nuclearLHCParticle Physics - ExperimentNuclear and High Energy PhysicsParticle physicsCiências Naturais::Ciências Físicas:Ciências Físicas [Ciências Naturais]FOS: Physical sciencesddc:500.2530Partícules (Física nuclear)Nuclear physicsFragmentation0103 physical sciencesddc:530High Energy Physics010306 general physicsPartonScience & TechnologyATLAS detector010308 nuclear & particles physicsHigh Energy Physics::PhenomenologyFísicaQCDGluonPhase spaceHADRON-HADRON COLLISIONSQCD stringExperimental High Energy PhysicsHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentModel
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Differential studies of inclusive J/ψ and ψ(2S) production at forward rapidity in Pb-Pb collisions at √sNN = 2.76 TeV

2016

The production of J/ψ and ψ(2S) was studied with the ALICE detector in Pb-Pb collisions at the LHC. The measurement was performed at forward rapidity (2.5 < y < 4) down to zero transverse momentum (pt) in the dimuon decay channel. Inclusive J/ψ yields were extracted in different centrality classes and the centrality dependence of the average pt is presented. The J/ψ suppression, quantified with the nuclear modification factor (RAA), was measured as a function of centrality, transverse momentum and rapidity. Comparisons with similar measurements at lower collision energy and theoretical models indicate that the J/ψ production is the result of an interplay between color screening and recombin…

Heavy Ion ExperimentsPb-Pb collisionsQuark gluon plasmaNuclear Experimentmesons
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General balance functions of identified charged hadron pairs of (π,K,p) in Pb–Pb collisions at √sNN = 2.76 TeV

2022

First measurements of balance functions (BFs) of all combinations of identified charged hadron (π,K,p) pairs in Pb−Pb collisions at √sNN = 2.76 TeV recorded by the ALICE detector are presented. The BF measurements are carried out as two-dimensional differential correlators versus the relative rapidity (Δy) and azimuthal angle (Δφ) of hadron pairs, and studied as a function of collision centrality. The Δφ dependence of BFs is expected to be sensitive to the light quark diffusivity in the quark−gluon plasma. While the BF azimuthal widths of all pairs substantially decrease from peripheral to central collisions, the longitudinal widths exhibit mixed behaviors: BFs of ππ and cross-species pairs…

Heavy-ion collisionsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsJ/psi suppressionFlowkvarkki-gluoniplasmaRapidityhiukkasfysiikkaDependence
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Spectral function of fermions in a highly occupied non-Abelian plasma

2022

We develop a method to obtain fermion spectral functions non-perturbatively in a non-Abelian gauge theory with high occupation numbers of gauge fields. After recovering the free field case, we extract the spectral function of fermions in a highly occupied non-Abelian plasma close to its non-thermal fixed point, i.e., in a self-similar regime of the non-equilibrium dynamics. We find good agreement with hard loop perturbation theory for medium-induced masses, dispersion relations and quasiparticle residues. We also extract the full momentum dependence of the damping rate of the collective excitations.

Heavy-ion collisionsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsNuclear Theoryquark-gluon plasmanonequilibrium QFTThermal QFTHigh Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)Quark-gluon plasmakvarkki-gluoniplasmaFOS: Physical scienceshard-thermal loopheavy-ion collisionsspectral functionhiukkasfysiikkathermal QFT114 Physical sciencesSpectral functionNuclear Theory (nucl-th)High Energy Physics - PhenomenologyHigh Energy Physics - LatticeHigh Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)Hard-thermal loopkvanttikenttäteoriaNonequilibrium QFT
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Non-quadratic improved Hessian PDF reweighting and application to CMS dijet measurements at 5.02 TeV

2019

Hessian PDF reweighting, or "profiling", has become a widely used way to study the impact of a new data set on parton distribution functions (PDFs) with Hessian error sets. The available implementations of this method have resorted to a perfectly quadratic approximation of the initial $\chi^2$ function before inclusion of the new data. We demonstrate how one can take into account the first non-quadratic components of the original fit in the reweighting, provided that the necessary information is available. We then apply this method to the CMS measurement of dijet pseudorapidity spectra in proton-proton (pp) and proton-lead (pPb) collisions at 5.02 TeV. The measured pp dijet spectra disagree…

Hessian matrixHessian matrixParticle physicsPhysics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)parton distribution functionsNuclear TheoryFOS: Physical scienceslcsh:AstrophysicsPartonApproxhiukkasfysiikka114 Physical sciences01 natural sciencesNuclear Theory (nucl-th)symbols.namesakeQuadratic equationHigh Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)lcsh:QB460-4660103 physical scienceslcsh:Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity010306 general physicsNuclear ExperimentEngineering (miscellaneous)Physicsproton–proton collisions010308 nuclear & particles physicsFunction (mathematics)GluonHigh Energy Physics - PhenomenologyDistribution functionproton-heavy ion collisionsPARTON DISTRIBUTIONSPseudorapiditysymbolslcsh:QC770-798High Energy Physics::Experimentydinfysiikka
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Impact of dijet and D-meson data from 5.02 TeV p+Pb collisions on nuclear PDFs

2020

We discuss the new constraints on gluon parton distribution function (PDF) in lead nucleus, derivable with the Hessian PDF reweighting method from the 5.02 TeV p+Pb measurements of dijet (CMS) and $D^0$-meson (LHCb) nuclear modification ratios. The impact is found to be significant, placing stringent constraints in the mid- and previously unconstrained small-$x$ regions. The CMS dijet data confirm the existence of gluon anti-shadowing and the onset of small-$x$ shadowing, as well as reduce the gluon PDF uncertainties in the larger-$x$ region. The gluon constraints from the LHCb $D^0$ data, reaching down to $x \sim 10^{-5}$ and derived in a NLO perturbative QCD approach, provide a remarkable…

Hessian matrixNuclear and High Energy PhysicsParticle physicsdijet productionNuclear TheoryFOS: Physical sciencesnuclear parton distribution functionPartonopen heavy flavour114 Physical sciences7. Clean energy01 natural sciencessymbols.namesakeHigh Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)0103 physical sciencesD meson010306 general physicsNuclear ExperimentPhysics010308 nuclear & particles physicsHigh Energy Physics::PhenomenologyPerturbative QCDGluonUniversality (dynamical systems)proton–nucleus collisionHigh Energy Physics - PhenomenologyDistribution functionDGLAPsymbolsHigh Energy Physics::Experiment
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Impact of CMS dijets in 5.02 TeV pPb and pp collisions on EPPS16 nuclear PDFs

2018

The CMS measurement of dijet pseudorapidity distributions in pPb versus pp collisions at 5.02 TeV provides a direct probe on nuclear gluon PDFs. We show that while the predicted pPb pseudorapidity distributions suffer from sizable free-proton PDF uncertainties, the ratios of the pPb and pp distributions are practically insensitive to scale and free-proton PDF choices. We find the CMS data on pPb to pp ratios to be in good agreement with the EPPS16 nuclear modifications. Using a non-quadratic extension of the Hessian PDF reweighting method, we study the impact of these data on the EPPS16 nuclear PDFs. Relative to EPPS16, we find stronger evidence for mid-x gluon antishadowing as well as indi…

Hessian matrixPhysicsParticle physicsScale (ratio)Physics::Instrumentation and DetectorsHigh Energy Physics::PhenomenologyNuclear TheoryFOS: Physical scienceshiukkasfysiikka114 Physical sciencesGluonHigh Energy Physics - Phenomenologysymbols.namesakeHigh Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)13. Climate actionPseudorapiditysymbolsHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentydinfysiikkaNuclear Experiment
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