Search results for "Gluten-Free"

Gluten Degrading Enzymes for Treatment of Celiac Disease

2020

Celiac disease (CeD) affects about 1% of most world populations. It presents a wide spectrum of clinical manifestations, ranging from minor symptoms to mild or severe malabsorption, and it may be associated with a wide variety of autoimmune diseases. CeD is triggered and maintained by the ingestion of gluten proteins from wheat and related grains. Gluten peptides that resist gastrointestinal digestion are antigenically presented to gluten specific T cells in the intestinal mucosa via HLA-DQ2 or HLA-DQ8, the necessary genetic predisposition for CeD. To date, there is no effective or approved treatment for CeD other than a strict adherence to a gluten-free diet, which is difficult to maintain…

Testing safety of germinated rye sourdough in a celiac disease model based on the adoptive transfer of prolamin-primed memory T cells into lymphopeni…

2014

The current treatment for celiac disease is strict gluten-free diet. Technical processing may render gluten-containing foods safe for consumption by celiac patients, but so far in vivo safety testing can only be performed on patients. We modified a celiac disease mouse model to test antigenicity and inflammatory effects of germinated rye sourdough, a food product characterized by extensive prolamin hydrolysis. Lymphopenic Rag1−/− or nude mice were injected with splenic CD4+CD62L−CD44high-memory T cells from gliadin- or secalin-immunized wild-type donor mice. We found that: 1) Rag1−/− recipients challenged with wheat or rye gluten lost more body weight and developed more severe histological…

A multicentre case control study on complicated coeliac disease: two different patterns of natural history, two different prognoses

2014

Background: Coeliac disease is a common enteropathy characterized by an increased mortality mainly due to its complications. The natural history of complicated coeliac disease is characterised by two different types of course: patients with a new diagnosis of coeliac disease that do not improve despite a strict gluten-free diet (type A cases) and previously diagnosed coeliac patients that initially improved on a gluten-free diet but then relapsed despite a strict diet (type B cases). Our aim was to study the prognosis and survival of A and B cases. Methods: Clinical and laboratory data from coeliac patients who later developed complications (A and B cases) and sex- and age-matched coeliac p…

Coeliac disease: Oral ulcer prevalence, assessment of risk and association with gluten-free diet in children.

2008

Aims. Oral mucosal lesions may be markers of chronic gastrointestinal disorders, such as those causing malabsorption. Our objectives were to assess the prevalence of recurrent oral aphthous-like ulcers in coeliac disease patients living in the Mediterranean area, and to evaluate the impact of a gluten-free diet. Methods. A test group of 269 patients (age range 3-17 years) with coeliac disease confirmed both serologically and histologically was compared with a control group of 575 otherwise clinically healthy subjects for the presence, or a positive history of aphthous-like ulcers. Coeliac disease patients with aphthous-like ulcers were re-evaluated 1-year after starting a gluten-free diet. …

Non-celiac wheat sensitivity is a more appropriate label than non-celiac gluten sensitivity.

2013

The Role of Nutritional Lifestyle and Physical Activity in Multiple Sclerosis Pathogenesis and Management: A Narrative Review

2021

Studies on the role of nutritional factors and physical activity (PA) in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS) go back a long time. Despite the intrinsic difficulty of studying their positive or negative role in MS, the interest of researchers on these topics increased during the last few decades, since the role of diet has been investigated with the perspective of the association with disease-modifying drugs (DMD). The association of DMD, diets, and PA might have an additive effect in modifying disease severity. Among the various diets investigated (low-carbohydrate, gluten-free, Mediterranean, low-fat, fasting-mimicking, and Western diets) only low-carbohydrate, Mediterranean, and f…

Nomenclature and diagnosis of gluten-related disorders: A position statement by the Italian Association of Hospital Gastroenterologists and Endoscopi…

2017

Abstract Background “Gluten-related disorders” is a term that encompasses different diseases induced by the ingestion of gluten-containing food. Because of their incidence the scientific community has been intensively studying them. Aim To support gastroenterologists with a correct nomenclature and diagnostic approach to gluten-related disorders in adulthood. Methods The Italian Association of Hospital Gastroenterologists and Endoscopists (AIGO) commissioned a panel of experts to prepare a position statement clarifying the nomenclature and diagnosis of gluten-related disorders, focusing on those of gastroenterological interest. Each member was assigned a task and levels of evidence/recommen…

Celiac disease in older persons: A case of seronegative disease

2017

A 68-year-old man with a history of smoking (former smoker of 40 cigarettes per day), euthyroid goiter, deep vein thrombosis and depression, came to our attention for weakness, cachexia, abdominal bloating and diarrhea lasting for almost six months. Furthermore, he had lost about 25 kilograms of weight in the last year and was bedridden for three months. Combining the results of serological, histopathological and genetic tests, he was diagnosed with a seronegative celiac disease. Gluten-free diet, combined with nutritional supplements and physical therapy, improved his clinical condition and allowed the recovery of weight and the walking ability. Celiac disease might be suspected in elderly…

Gluten Induces Subtle Histological Changes in Duodenal Mucosa of Patients with Non-Coeliac Gluten Sensitivity : A Multicentre Study

2022

Background: Histological changes induced by gluten in the duodenal mucosa of patients with non-coeliac gluten sensitivity (NCGS) are poorly defined. \ud \ud \ud \ud Objectives: To evaluate the structural and inflammatory features of NCGS compared to controls and coeliac disease (CeD) with milder enteropathy (Marsh I-II). \ud \ud \ud \ud Methods: Well-oriented biopsies of 262 control cases with normal gastroscopy and histologic findings, 261 CeD, and 175 NCGS biopsies from 9 contributing countries were examined. Villus height (VH, in μm), crypt depth (CrD, in μm), villus-to-crypt ratios (VCR), IELs (intraepithelial lymphocytes/100 enterocytes), and other relevant histological, serologic, and…

DETERMINATION OF MACRO ELEMENTS IN GLUTEN-FREE FOOD FOR CELIAC PEOPLE BY ICP-OES

2015

This paper is the first analytical approach to the study of seven nutrients in the gluten-free foods for celiac people. The ICP-OES technique was used. One of the advantages about the use of ICP-OES for this characterization is the high selectivity and low interferences for studied elements. The concentration values of K, Li, Sr, Na, Ca, Mg and Al in seventeen gluten-free food samples are reported. Considering the average concentrations of the elements analyzed, excluding lithium, in the present study it can be concluded that they are inadequate if compared with the recommended daily intake by international organisms, providing only from 1.5 to 20% of the RDI for the essential metals. In pa…