Search results for "Glyceride"
showing 10 items of 493 documents
Low-density lipoprotein size and cardiovascular risk assessment
2017
A predominance of small, dense low-density lipoproteins (LDL) has been accepted as an emerging cardiovascular risk factor by the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III. LDL size seems to be an important predictor of cardiovascular events and progression of coronary heart disease and evidences suggests that both quality (particularly small, dense LDL) and quantity may increase cardiovascular risk. However, other authors have suggested that LDL size measurement does not add information beyond that obtained by measuring LDL concentration, triglyceride levels and HDL concentrations. Therefore, it remains debatable whether to measure LDL particle size in cardiovascular …
Postprandial metabolism: from research to clinical practice.
2013
Over the last decade, the importance of postprandial metabolism has increased, given that it is the physiological state of humans in modern society. Moreover, postprandial lipemia is considered as a key player in the development of the most important cardiometabolic diseases. In this regard, postprandial lipemia has become more important, since it has been demonstrated that nonfasting triglycerides (TGs) are independent predictors of the risk of cardio vascular disease (CVD) [1,2]. Interestingly, the postprandial phase has been associated with increased inflammation and oxidation, which influences vascular function through a permanent endothelial aggression by atherogenic lipoprotein. TGs a…
Fructose and cardiometabolic disorders: the controversy will, and must, continue
2010
The present review updates the current knowledge on the question of whether high fructose consumption is harmful or not and details new findings which further pushes this old debate. Due to large differences in its metabolic handling when compared to glucose, fructose was indeed suggested to be beneficial for the diet of diabetic patients. However its growing industrial use as a sweetener, especially in soft drinks, has focused attention on its potential harmfulness, possibly leading to dyslipidemia, obesity, insulin resistance/metabolic syndrome and even diabetes. Many new data have been generated over the last years, confirming the lipogenic effect of fructose as well as risks of vascular…
A novel component of the metabolic syndrome: The oxidative stress
2009
The metabolic syndrome (MS) represents a cluster of cardiovascular (CV) risk factors associated to CV disease and type 2 diabetes. It is still under debate whether MS is a mere aggregation of risk factors or it represents a clinical entity with visceral obesity as underlying pathophysiological trigger. The publication of several diagnostic criteria of MS by scientific associations or experts panels reflects this uncertainty in understanding the real nature of MS. Besides the metabolic disturbances of MS, as visceral obesity, hypertriglyceridemia, low HDL cholesterol, hypertension and hyperglycemia, novel mechanisms of arterial damage have been identified. This paper reviews the evidence sho…
Lipid levels in polycystic ovary syndrome: systematic review and meta-analysis.
2011
Objective To quantify the magnitude and pattern of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol and nonhigh-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol levels in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) versus control women. Design Systematic review and meta-analysis of lipid levels in published cross-sectional studies worldwide where PCOS women and controls were examined and sampled. Main Outcome Measure(s) Differences in plasma lipids (including triglycerides, HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, and nonHDL-cholesterol) in PCOS versus control subjects were calculated. Comparisons were made with and without body mass index (BMI) matching. Result(s) Triglyceride levels were 26 mg/dL (95% confidence …
Lipid triad or atherogenic lipoprotein phenotype: a role in cardiovascular prevention?
2005
The term "lipid triad" or "atherogenic lipoprotein phenotype" has been introduced to describe a common form of dyslipidemia, characterized by three lipid abnormalities: increased plasma triglyceride levels, decreased HDL-cholesterol concentrations and the presence of small, dense LDL particles. It has been suggested that the clinical importance of the atherogenic lipoprotein phenotype probably exceeds that of LDL-cholesterol, because many more patients with coronary artery disease are found to have this trait than hypercholesterolaemia. There is a body of evidence that therapies effective against plasma HDL-cholesterol and triglycerides are associated with a strong reduction of cardiovascul…
Update on the role of the atherogenic lipoprotein phenotype in cardiovascular prevention
2009
Higher plasma triglyceride levels and decreased HDL-cholesterol concentrations are usually accompanied by the presence of small, dense LDL in the so-called lipid triad or ‘atherogenic lipoprotein phenotype’. This phenotype is highly atherogenic and its prevalence may suggest an even higher overall burden of atherosclerotic disease as compared with that associated with hypercholesterolemia. As stated by the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III, there is evidence suggesting each component of this lipid triad is individually atherogenic. However, the relative contribution of each component cannot be easily determined. Therefore, it has been suggested to consider th…
Should we measure routinely the LDL peak particle size?
2004
Low density lipoproteins (LDL) do not show in humans a normal distribution and comprise two different main fractions: large, buoyant (phenotype pattern A) and small, dense (phenotype pattern B) particles, that differ not only in size and density but also in physicochemical composition, metabolic behaviour and atherogenicity. The prevalence of small, dense LDL changes with age (30-35% in adult men, 5-10% in men <20 years and in pre-menopausal women, 15-25% in postmenopausal women) and is genetically influenced, with a heritability ranging from 35% to 45%. Small, dense LDL correlate negatively with plasma HDL levels and positively with plasma triglyceride levels and are associated with the me…
Menopause symptom management in women with dyslipidemias: An EMAS clinical guide.
2020
Abstract Introduction Dyslipidemias are common and increase the risk of cardiovascular disease. The menopause transition is associated with an atherogenic lipid profile, with an increase in the concentrations of total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), triglycerides (TG), apolipoprotein B (apoB) and potentially lipoprotein (a) [Lp(a)], and a decrease in the concentration of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). Aim The aim of this clinical guide is to provide an evidence-based approach to management of menopausal symptoms and dyslipidemia in postmenopausal women. The guide evaluates the effects on the lipid profile both of menopausal hormone therapy an…
Serum sphingomyelin levels are related to the clearance of postprandial remnant-like particles.
2005
It is known that sphingomyelin (SM) content is higher in apolipoprotein B-containing particles (BLps) than in high density lipoproteins and that BLp levels, including chylomicrons and their remnant particles, are positively related to atherosclerosis. To evaluate the relationship between serum SM and postprandial remnant particle levels, we determined SM, triglyceride (TG), and cholesterol levels in serum and in remnant-like particles (RLPs) before and 3, 5, 7, and 10 h after a high-fat meal in 31 healthy subjects. We found that serum SM, like serum TG, was increased to its maximum 3 h after fat loading and then gradually decreased to basal levels after 10 h. More important, we determined t…