Search results for "Grade"

Effects of acute amitriptyline administration on memory, anxiety and activity in male and female mice

2002

The effects of acute administration of amitriptyline on memory consolidation in male and female CD1 mice were investigated. Three doses of this tricyclic antidepressant (7.5, 15 and 30 mg/kg) were administered immediately after inhibitory avoidance training. Forty-five minutes after injection, subjects explored the elevated plus-maze for five minutes. Subjects were tested for avoidance twenty-four hours later. Amitriptyline impaired inhibitory avoidance consolidation at doses 7.5, 15 and 30 mg/kg in males, and at doses 7.5 and 30 mg/kg in females. In the elevated plus-maze, amitriptyline had no effect on anxiety (percentage of open arm entries) and induced a dose-dependent impairment of act…

Choledochocele imaged with magnetic resonance cholangiography.

2000

Choledochal cysts are rare developmental malformations of the biliary tree. Percutaneous and endoscopic ultrasound, as well as endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography, are recommended diagnostic tools. Magnetic resonance cholangiography may also contribute to the workup and treatment plan of patients with choledochal cysts. We report a 25-yr-old white woman with episodic nausea and moderate epigastric dyscomfort. Magnetic resonance cholangiography showed a rather spherical, cyst-like, fluid-filled structure in continuity with the prepapillary segment of the common bile duct, thus making a choledochocele (type III choledochal cyst) likely. The patient was treated by endoscopic sphinct…

Curative endoscopic therapy in patients with early esophageal squamous-cell carcinoma or high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia.

2007

Background and study aims Endoscopic resection of esophageal squamous-cell neoplasia with curative intent is considered to be a safe and effective alternative treatment to radical surgery in cases where the neoplasia is intraepithelial or limited to the mucosal layer. These patients are at risk for recurrent malignancy in the preserved esophagus, however. We conducted a prospective study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of endoscopic resection and to analyze variables associated with recurrence in patients with mucosal or intraepithelial squamous-cell neoplasia. Patients and methods Between December 1997 and September 2005, 65 patients (mean age +/- standard deviation [SD] 62.9 +/- 9.5 y…

Biliopancreatic Endoscopy in Altered Anatomy

2021

Background and Objectives: Anatomical post-surgical alterations of the upper gastrointestinal (GI) tract have always been challenging for performing diagnostic and therapeutic endoscopy, especially when biliopancreatic diseases are involved. Esophagectomy, gastrectomy with various reconstructions and pancreaticoduodenectomy are among the most common surgeries causing upper GI tract alterations. Technological improvements and new methods have increased the endoscopic success rate in these patients, and the literature has been rapidly increasing over the past few years. The aim of this systematic review is to identify evidence on the available biliopancreatic endoscopic techniques performed i…

Simplified model for compressive response of RC column footing with square cross-section

2017

Abstract In this paper, a simplified calculus model for the prediction of the compressive response of RC column footing with a square cross-section is presented. As it is well-known RC concrete footing are designed adopting uniform contact pressures on the substrate and assuming a strut and tie model in deep members and a cantilever beam or slab model in flexible members. Deep and flexible members are distinguished in literature only based on the tangent of the angle expressed as the ratio between the depth and the shear span of the footing. In this paper, several subgrade contact pressures distribution for column footings (rigid or soft soils) were considered in developing a mechanical mod…

2013

Today, integration of supply networks (SNs) out of heterogeneous entities is quite challenging for industries. Individualized demands are getting continuously higher values in the global business and this fact forces traditional businesses for restructuring their organizations. In order to contribute to new performances in manufacturing networks, in this paper a collaborative approach is recommended out of modularity structure, cloud computing, and make-to-upgrade concept for improving flexibility as well as coordination of entities in networks. A cloud-based framework for inbound and outbound manufacturing is introduced for complying with the production of individualized products in the tu…

Smart plugs: A low cost solution for programmable control of domestic loads

2014

International audience; Balancing energy demand and production is becoming a more and more challenging task for energy utilities. This is due to a number of different reasons among which the larger penetration of renewable energies which are more difficult to predict and the meagre availability of financial resources to upgrade the existing power grid. While the traditional solution is to dynamically adapt energy production to follow the time-varying demand, a new trend is to drive the demand itself by means of Direct Load Control (DLC). In this paper we consider a scenario where DLC functionalities are deployed at a large set of small deferrable energy loads, like appliances of residential…

Hybrid moving bed biofilm reactors: an effective solution for upgrading a large wastewater treatment plant

2009

Over the last few years there has been a growing attention regarding the receiving water body quality state. As a matter of a fact, the Directive 91/271 of the European Union (EU) replaced the “emission standard” concept that fixes discharge limits depending on polluting emission characteristics, with the “stream standard” concept that fixes discharge limits for each polluting substance depending on self-depurative characteristics of the RWB. In this context, several WWTPs need to be upgraded in order to meet stricter effluent limits. The need of WWTP upgrading was also emphasized by the growing urbanization that have led, in most cases, to get overloaded WWTP due to an overcoming of the ma…

Hybrid moving bed biofilm reactors: a pilot plant experiment.

2008

The growing increment of the urbanization and on the other hand, the even more strict effluent limits imposed by the Water Framework Directive for the receiving water body quality state have lead to a need of upgrading several existing WWTP. With this respect HMBBR systems are an innovative solution since allow to upgrade existing high loaded WWTP without building new tanks. However, some uncertainties in their design, maintenance as well as performance have to be addressed due to their recent acquisition compared with well consolidated technologies such as activated sludge systems. In this light, a data gathering campaign on a HMBBR pilot plant has been performed. The aim was to detect the…

Calibration and simulation of two large wastewater treatment plants operated for nutrient removal

2004

Control and optimisation of plant processes has become a priority for WWTP managers. The calibration and verification of a mathematical model provides an important tool for the investigation of advanced control strategies that may assist in the design or optimization of WWTPs. This paper describes the calibration of the ASM2d model for two full scale biological nitrogen and phosphorus removal plants in order to characterize the biological process and to upgrade the plants' performance. Results from simulation showed a good correspondence with experimental data demonstrating that the model and the calibrated parameters were able to predict the behaviour of both WWTPs. Once the calibration an…