Search results for "Grape"

Qualité et coordination économique dans les industries agroalimentaires. Analyse institutionnelle comparée de l'industrie du vin en Bourgogne, Califo…

2004

Since the 1990s, the French wine exporters have been confronted with an increasing competition from a few nations of North America and the Southern Hemisphere. Initially positioned on the medium-range, the New World Wine Producers quickly developed their positions on the whole of the segments, including those traditionally occupied by French wines under controlled label of origin (AOC). The thesis examines the link between wine marketer' quality strategies and the coordination in the chain of production. Research is carried out on two levels: that of transactions governance structures concerning fresh grape, must and bulk wine, and that of the public rules framing these transactions. Firstl…

Fruits and vegetables protect against the genotoxicity of heterocyclic aromatic amines activated by human xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes expressed i…

2010

Heterocyclic aromatic amines (HAAs) can be formed during the cooking of meat and fish at elevated temperatures and are associated with an increased risk for cancer. On the other hand, epidemiological findings suggest that foods rich in fruits and vegetables can protect against cancer. In the present study three teas, two wines, and the juices of 15 fruits and 11 vegetables were investigated for their protective effect against the genotoxic effects of 2-amino-3-methylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoline (IQ) and 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (PhIP). To closely mimic the enzymatic activation of these HAAs in humans, genetically engineered V79 Chinese hamster fibroblasts were employed tha…

Effect of cytochrome P450 inhibitors (diethyl dithiocarbamate, ketoconazole and grapefruit juice) on the pharmacokinetics of all-trans-retinoic acid.

2004

Diethyl dithiocarbamate (DEDTC) has been reported to be a more powerful inhibitor of all-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA) in vitro metabolism than the well-established cytochrome P450 (CYP) inhibitor ketoconazole (KC). In recent years grapefruit juice (GJ) has been shown to be able to increase the oral bioavailability of several drugs by inhibiting intestinal CYP. This study investigated the in vivo effect of these CYP inhibitors on the pharmacokinetics of ATRA. The latter was administered to rats as a constant-rate intravenous (i.v.) infusion (0.48 mg h(-1) kg(-1)) during 10 h and orally (1.6 mg kg(-1)). DEDTC (320 mg kg(-1) x 2 i.v., 6.4 and 32 mg kg(-1) per os (p.o.)) did not change the ATRA c…

Fatty Acids and Triacylglycerols Profiles from Sicilian (Cold Pressed vs. Soxhlet) Grape Seed Oils

2021

Among the Sicilian economic productive sectors, that of wine production has today a considerable economic value. However, with the growth of this sector, notable was the increase in the production of waste, which to date is not only an economic damage for companies, but also a threat to the environment. It is known that waste from wine production has properties (e.g., antioxidants) which have potential reuse at cosmetic, pharmaceutical and nutritional levels to obtain economically sustainable applications. A new goal is given by the recovery of added value compounds from agri-food wastes and by-products. Grape seed oil is a promising vegetable fat and cold pressing does not involve the use …

Possibility of fuel cell powering with grape seed oil

2015

In the last few years alternative energy sources have been fast developing. One of technical device using these sources is fuel cell. Fuel cell performs direct conversion of chemical fuel into electrical energy, without combustion and characterized by high efficiency. Most commonly fuel cells are powered by hydrogen. However, problems with the storage of hydrogen are the reason for the search of new fuels for fuel cells. Due to development of the renewable energy sources, the powering of high efficiency power sources with bio-fuels is very important. Vegetable oil is an alternative fuel for Diesel engines and for heating oil burners. Powering high efficiency power sources (like fuel cells) …

Study of the variability of an endophytic Acremonium population in symptomless grapevines.

2009

Rapid Assessment of Gray Mold (Botrytis cinerea) Infection in Grapes with a Biosensor System

2015

Abstract: Botrytis cinerea is the causative agent of gray mold disease, which causes considerable economic losses to winemakers. The extent of gray mold infection of winegrapes is commonly visually estimated, a method that is prone to assessor bias. Here, we used rapid and simple enzyme-based screening consisting of carbon-electrode, screen-printed amperometric biosensors to estimate gluconic acid and glycerol concentration in winegrapes infected with different degrees of B. cinerea. The lower limits of quantification of the screen-printed amperometric biosensors were 3 mg/L for gluconic acid (corresponding to an infection rate of less than 1%) and 35 mg/L for glycerol; the response times w…

Glycosidic aroma compounds of some Portuguese grape cultivars

2006

In order to evaluate the potential aroma of some Portuguese grapes, several glycosidically bound aroma compounds of ten grape varieties grown in Evora, Alentejo, Portugal, were released, identified and quantified using gas chromatography–mass spectrophotometry. White varieties were Arinto, Perrum, Rabo-de-Ovelha, Roupeiro and Antao Vaz. Red varieties were Trincadeira, Aragonez, Tinta Caiada, Moreto and Castelao. Grapes of Roupeiro and Trincadeira from five other vines in the Alentejo region were also studied. For each variety pulp and skin were analyzed separately. The compounds produced by enzymatic hydrolysis of glycoside precursors extracted from pulps and skins of these grapes were simi…

Stone winepress and cellars in the Iberian territory of Kelin (Utiel-Requena) (6th-2nd centuries BC)

2013

Los primeros indicios sobre cultivo de la vid en la comarca de Requena-Utiel son unas semillas carbonizadas de la ciudad ibérica de Kelin (Caudete de las Fuentes, València) del siglo VII a.C. No obstante, la expansión de su cultivo corresponde a los siglos V-III a.C. como se infiere del gran número de semillas carbonizadas, lagares de piedra, bodegas y ánforas, algunas con marcas pre y postcocción. En la actualidad, se conocen unos diez lagares de piedra de distinta capacidad, situados entre el valle del Cabriel y las ramblas de la Alcantarilla y Los Morenos. Todos ellos se encuentran asociados a materiales arqueológicos que permiten datarlos como ibéricos y, en uno de ellos se ha excavado …

Polyphenol Characterization and Antioxidant Activity of Grape Seeds and Skins from Sicily: A Preliminary Study

2022

The interest in the consumption of health-promoting foods has led to identifying derivatives of the wine industry as products to increase the functional properties of different foods or to design new functional foods. The main goal of this study is to characterize and valorize byproducts and wastes of Sicilian grapes as new sources of bioactive components, from the perspective of a circular economy and a biorefinery approach. In particular, this research investigated: 1. the total phenolic content and antioxidant activities and 2. the phenolic profiles of free and bound fractions of defatted grape seeds and red grape skins from Sicily. Defatted grape seeds (DGS) and red grape skins (RGSK) a…