Search results for "Grape"
showing 10 items of 291 documents
Integration of pomace and grape seeds in feed of broiler chickens: effect on the chemical characteristics of the meat
2023
Recently, consumer demand for healthier, safer, good quality food products has increased. The use of grape pomace and grape seeds, natural antioxidants rich in polyphenols and known for their ability to prevent lipid oxidation, has attracted significant interest and could become an important alternative as a partial substitute for vitamin E which is the most commonly used antioxidant in animal diets. In this context, the valorization and reuse of wine industry wastes could be a way to reduce costs for companies and damage to the environment [1]. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of adding different percentages of pomace and grape seeds to the diet of broiler chickens. T…
Epidemiological Survey of Grapevine Leafroll-Associated Virus 1 and 3 in Sicily (Italy): Genetic Structure and Molecular Variability
2022
Background: the most widely distributed and virulent Grapevine leafroll-associated viruses (GLRaV) that affect grapevine are GLRaV-1 and GLRaV-3, transmitted semi-persistently by different mealybugs and soft scales, mainly causing downward rolling of the leaf margins and interveinal reddening. Methods: the main objectives of this study were to investigate the genetic structure and molecular diversity of GLRaV-1 and GLRaV-3 in 617 samples from 11 autochthonous Sicilian grapevine cultivars, ascertaining their presence and spread. The detection was implemented by serological and molecular analyses and subsequently phylogenetic analyses on selected Sicilian isolates were conducted. Results: in …
Evolutionary Analysis of Grapevine Virus A: Insights into the Dispersion in Sicily (Italy)
2022
Grapevine virus A (GVA) is a phloem-restricted virus (genus Vitivirus, family Betaflexiviridae) that cause crop losses of 5–22% in grapevine cultivars, transmitted by different species of pseudococcid mealybugs, the mealybug Heliococcus bohemicus, and by the scale insect Neopulvinaria innumerabilis. In this work, we studied the genetic structure and molecular variability of GVA, ascertaining its presence and spread in different commercial vineyards of four Sicilian provinces (Italy). In total, 11 autochthonous grapevine cultivars in 20 commercial Sicilian vineyards were investigated, for a total of 617 grapevine samples. Preliminary screening by serological (DAS-ELISA) analysis for GV…
Diversity of Diatrypaceae species in three Spanish grapevine producing regions.
2015
The objective of this study was to identify species of Diatrypaceae associated with trunk diseases in three different Spanish grapevine producing regions: Albacete, Cádiz and Valencia provinces, located, respectively, in geographically distant areas of Central, South and Eastern Spain. Species identification of 71 isolates was performed using a combination of morphological characters and phylogenetic analyses based on the internal transcribed spacer regions of the rDNA (ITS) and the β-tubulin gene. Four species of Diatrypaceae were identified: Cryptovalsa ampelina was the predominant species (63.4%) followed by Eutypa lata (19.7%), Eutypella microtheca (4.2%), and Eutypella citricola (2.8%)…
"In vitro" antagonism of a grapevine endophytic Bacillus subtilis strain towards "esca" fungi.
2008
Preliminary investigations on grapevines (CV Catarratto) with symptoms of “esca” permitted to isolate only bacterial colonies, from black punctuations belonging to the genus Bacillus. Particularly, an isolate was Gram-positive with spore forming and, on the basis of the partial 16S rRNA sequence comparison, it showed a similarity of 99% with Bacillus subtilis subsp. subtilis. There are numerous reports on the antagonistic activity of the species towards several phytopathogenic microorganisms. For this reason the possible bacterial control against the “esca” fungi (Phaeoacre- monium aleophilum, PAL; Phaemoniella clamidospora, PCH; Fomitiporia mediterranea, FOMED), was studied. The antagonist…
Activation of Grapevine Defense Mechanisms: Theoretical and Applied Approaches
2011
part 4.; International audience; Grapevine, as other plants, possesses an innate immune system that usually prevents infection by pathogens. General elicitors are compounds of different biochemical families capable of inducing plant defense reactions. In grapevine, the cascade of defense events induced by elicitors has been studied among others in cell suspensions. The perception of the elicitor triggers signaling events that allow the activation of defense genes encoding PR proteins and other proteins involved in phytoalexin production and cell wall reinforcement. The grapevine phytoalexins resveratrol and derivated compounds have been largely studied. In addition to their antimicrobial ac…
Metabolites produced by agents of dieback of grapevine in Sicily: Lasiodiplodia mediterranea, Neofusicoccum parvum and N. vitifusiforme
2015
Botryosphaeria dieback was recently reported in West Sicilian vineyards. The disease complex was only associated with isolates of genus Lasiodiplodia in 2007 and together with Diplodia seriata, Neofusicoccum parvum and Neofusicoccum vitifusiforme, this latest reported for the first time on Vitis vinifera in Italy. Moreover, a representative isolate of each species was inoculated on green shoots and fulfilled Koch’s postulates, although the lengths of vascular discolourations were variable depending on the species. As well as the other GTD causal agents, the expression of foliar symptoms (pale colour along the margins and between veins) was also occasional in Sicily, it was hypothesized that…
Secondary metabolite production of an antagonistic Acremonium, isolate from asymptomatic grapevine leaves infected by Plasmopare viticola.
2003
VERIFICA DELL’ATTECCHIMENTO DEGLI INNESTI-TALEA DI VITE DOPO LA FORZATURA MEDIANTE TECNICHE TERMOGRAFICHE E MECCANICHE
2016
Grafting is an important technique for getting good yields in plant multiplication. Understanding the success of the graft after the incubation room is important to the evaluation of the suitable grafting for the open field (nursery). Successful grafting in vines requires the development of a functional vascular system between the scion and the rootstock. The graft compatibility and its augmentation depend upon various natural factors like environment, weather, soil conditions and protective measures etc. The present study examines the capability of thermography, mechanical and electrical techniques to assess the graft quality and successful of Vitis vinifera after the incubation room. Afte…