Search results for "Grape"
showing 10 items of 291 documents
Targeted Drug Delivery in Plants: Enzyme‐Responsive Lignin Nanocarriers for the Curative Treatment of the Worldwide Grapevine Trunk Disease Esca
2019
Abstract Nanocarrier (NC)‐mediated drug delivery is widely researched in medicine but to date has not been used in agriculture. The first curative NC‐based treatment of the worldwide occurring grapevine trunk disease Esca, with more than 2 billion infected plants causing a loss yearly of $1.5 billion, is presented. To date, only repetitive spraying of fungicides is used to reduce chances of infection. This long‐term treatment against Esca uses minimal amounts of fungicide encapsulated in biobased and biodegradable lignin NCs. A single trunk injection of <10 mg fungicide results in curing of an infected plant. Only upon Esca infection, ligninolytic enzymes, secreted by the Esca‐associated fu…
Drug Delivery in Plants: Targeted Drug Delivery in Plants: Enzyme-Responsive Lignin Nanocarriers for the Curative Treatment of the Worldwide Grapevin…
2019
In article number 1802315, Jochen Fischer, Frederik R. Wurm, and co‐workers report the first nanocarrier‐mediated drug delivery in plants. Enzyme‐degradable lignin nanocarriers are injected into the trunks of grapevine plants. They release a fungicide selectively inside of the plants and are able to cure the worldwide fungal plant disease Esca for the first time. This strategy will reduce the extensive spraying of pesticides in agriculture. Image credit: Katharina Maisenbacher.
Aromatic varietal polyphenols of sicilian autochthouns cultivars
2012
Every great wine starts in grapevine nursery. Tendencies and perspectives of Sicilian grapevine nurseries
2010
Grapevine nursery production, strictly-regulated by EU norms, represents the important first step in the wine production process, because it’s able to strongly influence both the quali-quantitative performance of farm investments and the type and the quality of wines, with consequences on profitability. The latest reform of the Common Market Organisation (CMO) for wine took effect on August the 1st 2008 and introduced, among many initiatives oriented towards enhancing the competitiveness of the wine sector, a new voluntary three-year grubbing-up scheme from the 2008/2009 season, achieving a balanced wine market, reducing surplus production and providing an alternative for uncompetitive prod…
Incidence de la clarification des moûts de raisin sur les fermentescibilltés alcoolique et malolactique
1993
<p style="text-align: justify;">Des essais de débourbage en vinification en blanc, réalisés de 1988 à 1992, mettent en évidence le rôle important joué par la teneur en macromolécules solubles dans le moût de raisin. Les moûts de faible turbidité conduisent en effet à des fermentations alcooliques lentes en relation avec de faibles populations levuriennes. Il est également confirmé que la libération de polysaccharides exocellulaires par les levures au cours de la fermentation alcoolique est d'autant plus élevée que le moût de départ a été fortement appauvri en colloïdes de raisin. Par contre, ce sont dans les lots les plus clarifiés que l'on observe la meilleure fermentescibilité malol…
Genomics of the grapevine - pathogen interactions Botrytis cinerea virulence factors and molecular mechanisms of induced resistance
2010
International audience
Root hydraulic conductivity in three self-rooted and grafted table grape cultivars
2012
<p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Aim</strong>: Root hydraulic conductivity is one of the main factors that control water flow in the soil-plant system and ultimately affect crop irrigation requirements. This work sets out to estimate root water conductivity for three self-rooted or grafted table grape cultivars.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Methods and results</strong>: We evaluated root water conductivity of the cultivars ‘Black Magic’, ‘Matilde’ and ‘Victoria’ grafted onto 1103 Paulsen rootstock or self-rooted. Measurements were performed on two-year-old table grapes grown in pots filled with pumice. Root water conductivity wa…
IDENTIFICATION AND QUANTIFICATION OF PHENOLIC COMPOUNDS FROM RED GRAPE POMACE
2018
The wine industry generates a great amount of waste every year, thus its valorization is of most importance. This study uses red, fermented pomace from Cabernet Sauvignon and Feteasca Neagra cultivars. The phenolic compounds were extracted using four different extractions and the content of total polyphenols was determined using a spectrophotometrical method. Several phenolic compounds were analyzed using an HPLC method. The Cabernet Sauvignon pomace had the highest content of total polyphenols and total phenolic compounds analyzed and of quercetin, rutin, ferulic acid and resveratrol, while the Feteasca Neagra pomace had the highest content of gallic acid, syringic acid, cinamic acid and (…
From soil to soil-less in horticulture: quality and typicity
2013
In this review, the technique of soil-less cultivation of horticultural crops is analysed, the main differences between this and traditional cultivation techniques are described, and the advantages and disadvantages of each method in relation to the others are identified. Soilless cultivation has revolutionised various sectors of vegetable and floriculture production, and recent years have also seen interest being shown by Italian fruit crop producers, particularly those involved in table grape viticulture. The various issues related to the use of this technique are described in relation to the needs of the substrate, water management, and mineral nutrition of the different species, and to …
Influenza delle infrastrutture ecologiche poste ai margini del vigneto su Empoasca vitis (Goethe) (Homoptera: Cicadellidae) e il suo parassitoide Ana…
2014
È ormai opinione diffusa che la diversità vegetale all’interno degli agrosistemi favorisca il mantenimento dell’entomofauna utile ai fini di un contenimento naturale di fitofagi. In quest’ambito, il presente lavoro ha riguardato uno studio, sulle popolazioni di Empoasca vitis e del suo parassitoide Anagrus atomus in un’azienda viticola sita nel comprensorio di Salemi (TP) (446 m s.l.m.) a conduzione biologica prendendo in considerazione due appezzamenti, uno con ai margini siepi di rovo, rosa canina e rosmarino e l’altro in assenza di siepi. Nel periodo vegeto-produttivo della vite (marzo-ottobre 2012), si è valutata l’influenza della specie vegetale e della variazione della distanza delle …