Search results for "Graphite"

showing 10 items of 229 documents

Modification of Structural and Luminescence Properties of Graphene Quantum Dots by Gamma Irradiation and Their Application in a Photodynamic Therapy

2015

Herein, the ability of gamma irradiation to enhance the photoluminescence properties of graphene quantum dots (GQDs) was investigated. Different doses of gamma-irradiation were used on GQDs to examine the way in which their structure and optical properties can be affected. The photoluminescence quantum yield was increased six times for the GQDs irradiated with high doses compared to the nonirradiated material. Both photoluminescence lifetime and values of optical band gap were increased with the dose of applied gamma irradiation. In addition, the exploitation of the gamma-irradiated GQDs as photosensitizers was examined by monitoring the production of singlet oxygen under UV illumination. T…

PhotoluminescenceMaterials scienceLuminescenceBand gapQuantum yieldgraphene quantum dot02 engineering and technology010402 general chemistryPhotochemistryMicroscopy Atomic Force01 natural scienceslaw.inventionchemistry.chemical_compoundlawQuantum DotsSpectroscopy Fourier Transform InfraredGeneral Materials ScienceIrradiationParticle SizePhotosensitizing Agentsgraphene quantum dotsSinglet OxygenGraphenebusiness.industrySinglet oxygenElectron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologygamma irradiation0104 chemical scienceschemistryPhotochemotherapyphotodynamic therapyQuantum dotGamma Raysgamma irradiation; graphene quantum dots; photodynamic therapy; photoluminescence; quantum yieldOptoelectronicsGraphiteSpectrophotometry Ultravioletphotoluminescence0210 nano-technologyLuminescencebusinessquantum yield
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Quantum simulations in materials science: molecular monolayers and crystals

1999

Low temperature properties and anomalies in crystals and molecular monolayers are studied by path integral Monte Carlo (PIMC) simulations. For light particles (H 2 , D 2 ) adsorbed on graphite anomalies in the transition to the low temperature √3-phases have been observed in experiments and are analyzed by PIMC. The computed thermal expansion of various crystalline materials (Si, N 2 ) is in much better agreement with experiments compared to the results obtained with purely classical simulations.

PhotonMaterials scienceMonte Carlo methodGeneral Physics and AstronomyCrystallographic defectMolecular physicsThermal expansionCondensed Matter::Materials ScienceHardware and ArchitectureMonolayerPath integral formulationPhysical chemistryGraphitePhysics::Chemical PhysicsPath integral Monte CarloComputer Physics Communications
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The HypHI Phase 0 experiment

2010

10th International Conference on Hypernuclear and Strange Particle Physics -- SEP 14-18, 2009 -- Tokai, JAPAN

PhysicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsCarbon graphiteProjectilehypernuclear spectroscopyPhase (waves)LambdaNuclear physicsheavy ion induced reactioninvariant massHeavy ionENERGY NUCLEAR COLLISIONSAtomic physicsSpectroscopyNuclear Physics A
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A hot cavity laser ion source at IGISOL

2008

A development program is underway at the IGISOL (Ion Guide Isotope Separator On-Line) facility, University of Jyvaskyla, to efficiently and selectively produce low-energy radioactive ion beams of silver isotopes and isomers, with a particular interest in N=Z 94Ag. A hot cavity ion source has been installed, based on the FEBIAD (Forced Electron Beam Induced Arc Discharge) technique, combined with a titanium:sapphire laser system for selective laser ionization. The silver recoils produced via the heavy-ion fusion-evaporation reaction, 40Ca(58Ni, p3n)94Ag, are stopped in a graphite catcher, diffused, extracted and subsequently ionized using a three-step laser ionization scheme. The performance…

PhysicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsFOS: Physical sciencesPhysics::OpticsLaserIon sourceIonlaw.inventionElectric arclawIonizationPhysics::Atomic and Molecular ClustersSapphireCathode rayPhysics::Accelerator PhysicsPhysics::Atomic PhysicsGraphiteNuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)Atomic physicsNuclear ExperimentNuclear ExperimentThe European Physical Journal A
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A new measurement of the 7Be(p,γ)8B cross-section with an implanted 7Be target

1999

Abstract The 7Be(p,γ)8B capture reaction is of major importance to the physics of the sun and the issues of the “solar neutrino puzzle”. We report here on a new determination of the absolute cross section of this reaction, using a novel method which overcomes some of the major experimental uncertainties of previous measurements. We utilize a 7Be target implanted into a Cu substrate and a uniformly scanned particle beam larger than the target spot, eliminating issues of target homogeneity and backscattering loss of 8B reaction products. The target was produced using a beam of 1.8·1010/s 7Be nuclei extracted at ISOLDE (CERN) from a graphite target bombarded by 1 GeV protons in a two-step reso…

PhysicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsLarge Hadron ColliderS-factorSolar neutrinoLaserlaw.inventionNuclear physicslawIonizationVan de Graaff generatorGraphiteAtomic physicsParticle beamPhysics Letters B
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Novel digital K-edge imaging system with transition radiation from an 855-MeV electron beam

2001

A novel K-edge imaging method has been developed at the Mainz Microtron MAMI aiming at a very efficient use of the transition radiation (TR) flux generated by the external 855-MeV electron beam in a foil stack. A fan-like quasi-monochromatic hard X-ray beam is produced from the /spl plusmn/1-mrad-wide TR cone with a highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) crystal. The absorption of the object in front of a 30 mm/spl times/10 mm pn charge-coupled device (pn-CCD) photon detector is measured at every pixel by a broad-band energy scan around the K-absorption edge. This is accomplished by a synchronous variation of the lateral crystal position and the electron beam direction which defines also…

PhysicsNuclear and High Energy Physicsbusiness.industryDetectorchemistry.chemical_elementImaging phantomXenonOpticsNuclear Energy and EngineeringTransition radiationK-edgechemistryHighly oriented pyrolytic graphiteCathode rayElectrical and Electronic EngineeringbusinessMicrotronIEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
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Linear-scaling self-consistent field theory based molecular dynamics: application to C60buckyballs colliding with graphite

2018

In this work, we investigate the collision of a C fullerene with graphite using large-scale molecular dynamics simulations, where the interatomic forces are computed ‘on-the-fly’ by means of self-c...

PhysicsWork (thermodynamics)Fullerene010304 chemical physicsCondensed Matter::OtherGeneral Chemical EngineeringGeneral ChemistryCondensed Matter PhysicsCollision01 natural sciencesLangevin equationCondensed Matter::Materials ScienceMolecular dynamicsClassical mechanicsModeling and Simulation0103 physical sciencesPhysics::Atomic and Molecular ClustersLinear scaleGeneral Materials ScienceField theory (psychology)Graphite010306 general physicsInformation SystemsMolecular Simulation
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Orientational Ordering ofN2OMolecules Adsorbed on Graphite (0001): A Novel Commensurate Pinwheel Structure

2000

The structure and orientational ordering of N2O molecules physisorbed on graphite (0001) is investigated applying x-ray, neutron, and low-energy electron diffraction techniques. Combining the results of the three techniques, we find that N2O forms a highly ordered, hexagonal, commensurate (sqrt[21]xsqrt[21])R10.89 degrees phase. The unit cell contains seven molecules which are arranged in a seven-sublattice pinwheel structure, unexpected for linear molecules on a hexagonal lattice. Potential energy calculations corroborate these results.

PinwheelMaterials scienceElectron diffractionChemical physicsPhase (matter)General Physics and AstronomyMoleculeHexagonal latticeLinear molecular geometryGraphitePhysics::Chemical PhysicsAtomic physicsPotential energyPhysical Review Letters
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Surface structure determination by SEM image processing and electrochemical impedance of graphite+polyethylene composite electrodes

2004

Abstract The electrochemical impedance behaviour of heterogeneous or/and rough electrodes has usually been associated with some geometrical parameters of the surface structure or to a statistical description of the surface properties. An experimental method for sample preparation of graphite + polyethylene composite electrodes based on plasma etching is proposed. After plasma etching, the statistical properties of the electrode, such as the graphite particle size distribution and fractional coverage are measured from scanning electron microscopy pictures using image processing software. The statistical information obtained for the surface is combined with impedance equations of independent …

Plasma etchingChemistryScanning electron microscopeGeneral Chemical EngineeringComposite numberAnalytical chemistryAnalytical ChemistryElectrodeParticle-size distributionElectrochemistryGraphiteParticle sizeComposite materialElectrical impedanceJournal of Electroanalytical Chemistry
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Electrochemistry of iron oxide pigments (earths) from pictorial microsamples attached to graphite–polyester composite electrodes

2001

The electrochemical response of different iron pigments attached to graphite–polyester composite electrodes is described. Characteristic differential pulse voltammetric profiles were obtained for green earth, iron oxide red, Mars black, ochre yellow, Sienna raw, umber raw and Van Dyke brown. Proton-assisted reductive dissolution processes occur at the three-phase boundary of the substrate electrode–attached solid–electrolyte solution system. Microsamples extracted from polychromed sculptures, canvas paintings, wall paintings, altarpieces and panel paintings from Spain, Ethiopia and Italy from the 12th to the 20th centuries were electrochemically identified in agreement with polarized light …

Polarized light microscopyMaterials scienceComposite numberMetallurgyIron oxideMineralogyElectrochemistryBiochemistryAnalytical Chemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryElectrochemistryEnvironmental ChemistryGraphiteUmberDissolutionSpectroscopyMars BlackThe Analyst
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