Search results for "Graphite"

showing 10 items of 229 documents

On the superconductivity of graphite interfaces

2014

We propose an explanation for the appearance of superconductivity at the interfaces of graphite with Bernal stacking order. A network of line defects with flat bands appears at the interfaces between two slightly twisted graphite structures. Due to the flat band the probability to find high temperature superconductivity at these quasi one-dimensional corridors is strongly enhanced. When the network of superconducting lines is dense it becomes effectively two-dimensional. The model provides an explanation for several reports on the observation of superconductivity up to room temperature in different oriented graphite samples, graphite powders as well as graphite-composite samples published i…

SuperconductivityHigh-temperature superconductivityMaterials scienceCondensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale PhysicsPhysics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)Condensed matter physicsCondensed Matter::OtherCondensed Matter - SuperconductivityStackingFOS: Physical sciences02 engineering and technology021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural scienceslaw.inventionSuperconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)Line defectsCondensed Matter::Materials SciencelawCondensed Matter::SuperconductivityMesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)0103 physical sciencesGraphiteFlat band010306 general physics0210 nano-technologyJETP Letters
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Size dependence of the Josephson critical behavior in pyrolytic graphite TEM lamellae

2014

We have studied the transport characteristics of TEM lamellae of different widths obtained from a graphite sample with electrical contacts at the edges of the embedded interfaces. The temperature dependence of the resistance, as well as the current-voltage characteristics, are compatible with the existence of Josephson-coupled superconducting regions. The transition temperature at which the Josephson behavior sets in decreases with a decreasing interface width and vanishes for widths below 200 nm. This interface-size dependence provides an explanation for differences observed in the transport behavior of graphite-based samples with interfaces, and it appears to be related to the influence o…

SuperconductivityMaterials scienceCondensed matter physicsTransition temperatureMetals and AlloysCondensed Matter PhysicsElectrical contactsWeak localizationCondensed Matter::SuperconductivitySuperconducting critical temperatureMaterials ChemistryCeramics and CompositesGraphitePyrolytic carbonElectrical and Electronic EngineeringSize dependenceSuperconductor Science and Technology
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Electrochemical Conversion of Dichloroacetic Acid to Chloroacetic Acid in Conventional Cell and in Two Microfluidic Reactors

2013

The electrochemical conversion of dichloroacetic acid to chloracetic acid is investigated in conventional cells and in microreactors. Two different microreactors are used: the first is a filter press cell equipped with PTFE micrometric spacers, easy to assemble and disassemble and available for a large variety of electrodes and solvents; the second is made using an adhesive spacer, micromilling and press and could easily be developed on an industrial scale. The electrochemical synthesis is performed successfully in the microreactors equipped with a graphite cathode under proper operative conditions. The performance of the process strongly depends on the nature of the cathode and, for micror…

Supporting electrolyteChloroacetic acidElectrochemical Microfluidic Reactors Chloroacetic AcidDichloroacetic acidNanotechnologyElectrochemistryCatalysisCathodelaw.inventionchemistry.chemical_compoundchemistrylawElectrodeElectrochemistryGraphiteMicroreactorChemElectroChem
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Surface area, density and porosity measurements using the magnetic suspension balance

1989

The advantage of gravimetry in the determination of surface area is discussed in comparison with the volumetric method. The magnetic suspension balance is described and new developments are presented. As an example of the application of gravimetric measurements the determination of apparent density and specific surface area before and after oxidation of a Poco graphite are described.

Surface (mathematics)ChemistryClinical BiochemistryAnalytical chemistryElectromagnetic suspensionGeneral MedicineAnalytical ChemistrySpecific surface areaGravimetric analysisGeneral Materials ScienceArea densityGravimetryGraphitePorosityFresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie
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Electrochemical identification of metal ions in archaeological ceramic glazes by stripping voltammetry at graphite/polyester composite electrodes

2002

The electrochemical response of metal ions in different samples of coloured ceramic tin-lead glazes attached to graphite/polyester composite electrodes is described. In addition to the ubiquous signals for lead, reductive dissolution processes are followed by anodic stripping peaks for Co, Cu, Sb, Mn, Sn and Fe, enabling the direct identification of such elements in microsamples proceeding from archaeological glazed tiles from Valencia (Spain) workshops (16th-18th century). Additional anodic and cathodic peaks corresponding to redox processes involving metal species in solution generated during stripping processes are also used. Peak potentials, Tafel plots and shape parameters are used for…

Tafel equationAnodic stripping voltammetryStripping (chemistry)ChemistryMetal ions in aqueous solutionvisual_artvisual_art.visual_art_mediumGraphiteCeramicVoltammetryDissolutionArchaeologyAnalytical ChemistryTalanta
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Synthesis and helical supramolecular organization of discotic liquid crystalline dibenzo[hi,st]ovalene

2019

Dibenzo[hi,st]ovalene (DBOV) has emerged as a new polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) with intriguing optical properties with strong red emission. Nevertheless, DBOV derivatives thus far synthesized either had mesityl groups that hinder the pi-pi stacking of the aromatic cores or showed low solubility, and the self-assembly of DBOVs has not been investigated. In this work, two 3,4,5-tris(dodecyloxy)phenyl (TDOP) groups are introduced at the meso-positions of DBOV in order to enhance its solubility without compromising the intermolecular interactions. The obtained DBOV-TDOP forms at elevated temperatures a discotic liquid crystalline phase. Due to pi-pi-stacking interactions as well as loc…

TechnologyMaterials scienceMaterials ScienceStackingSupramolecular chemistryMaterials Science Multidisciplinary02 engineering and technologyOvalene010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesPhysics Appliedchemistry.chemical_compoundHighly oriented pyrolytic graphitePhase (matter)Materials ChemistrySide chainCHARGE-TRANSPORTScience & TechnologyBilayerPhysicsHEXA-PERI-HEXABENZOCORONENESGeneral Chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology0104 chemical sciencesCrystallographychemistryMOBILITYPhysical SciencesAlkoxy groupDISK-LIKE MOLECULES0210 nano-technology
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Synthesis of Nonplanar Graphene Nanoribbon with Fjord Edges

2021

As a new family of semiconductors, graphene nanoribbons (GNRs), nanometer-wide strips of graphene, have appeared as promising candidates for next-generation nanoelectronics. Out-of-plane deformation of π-frames in GNRs brings further opportunities for optical and electronic property tuning. Here we demonstrate a novel fjord-edged GNR (FGNR) with a nonplanar geometry obtained by regioselective cyclodehydrogenation. Triphenanthro-fused teropyrene 1 and pentaphenanthro-fused quateropyrene 2 were synthesized as model compounds, and single-crystal X-ray analysis revealed their helically twisted conformations arising from the [5]helicene substructures. The structures and photophysical properties …

Terahertz radiationCrystallography X-RayBiochemistryCatalysislaw.inventionchemistry.chemical_compoundsymbols.namesakeColloid and Surface ChemistrylawSpectroscopy Fourier Transform InfraredPolycyclic CompoundsDensity Functional TheoryPyrenesbusiness.industryGrapheneCommunicationStereoisomerismGeneral ChemistryNanostructuresSemiconductorHelicenechemistryNanoelectronicsChemical physicssymbolsDensity functional theoryGraphitebusinessRaman spectroscopyGraphene nanoribbons
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Rapid and eco-friendly synthesis of graphene oxide-silica nanohybrids

2014

The increasing interest in Graphene oxide (GO) is due to many issues: the presence of both sp2-conjugated atoms and oxygen-containing functional groups provides a strong hydrophilicity and the possibility to further functionalize it with other molecules (i.e. π-π interactions covalent attachment etc.) [1]. Furthermore since the GO is biocompatible and noncytotoxic many studies have been recently focused on the development of GO-based nanodevices for bioimaging DNA detection drug delivery. Due to their low cytotoxicity and large internal surface area silica nanoparticles have been taken into account as promising material for biolabeling and drug loading/delivery. Particular consideration has recently been demonstrated for GO-silica composites because of the potentialities for electrical applications their chemical inertia and stability toward ions exposure. The possibility to combine the extraordinary properties of GO and silica offers several advantages for the realization of nanoprobes for biological applications and of biosensor [12]. The strategy for the fabrication of GO-nanosilica nanohybrids can be schematized as follows: (i) synthesis of GO by oxidizing graphite powder with the method described by Marcano et al. [3] (ii) Preparation of oxygen-loaded silica nanoparticles by thermal treatments in controlled atmosphere in order to induce high NIR emission at 1272 nm from high purity silica nanoparticles. (iii) preparation of GrO-silica nanohybrid films via rapid solvent casting in water. The nanohybrids were tested by XPS FTIR Raman analysis UV photoluminescence analysis TGA Zeta potential measurements electrical tests AFM and SEM. Several nanohybrids were prepared by combining two different typologies of GO and two different samples of silica.
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Characterization and reactivity of charcoal from high temperature pyrolysis (800-1600°C)

2019

This study presents the effect of wood origin and heat treatment temperature on the CO2 reactivity, nanostructure and carbon chemistry of chars prepared at 800, 1200, and 1600 °C in slow pyrolysis reactors. The structure of charcoal was characterized by transmission electron microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, mercury intrusion porosimetry and N2 adsorption. The CO2 reactivity of char was investigated by thermogravimetric analysis. Results showed that spruce and oak chars have similar reactivity at all heat treatment temperatures. The oak char prepared at 1600 °C contained long and flat graphene layers and interplanar distance that is similar to graphite and thus, was more ordered t…

Thermogravimetric analysisMaterials science020209 energyGeneral Chemical EngineeringChemieEnergy Engineering and Power Technologychemistry.chemical_element02 engineering and technologyAdsorption020401 chemical engineering0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringReactivity (chemistry)CharGraphite0204 chemical engineeringCharcoallow heating rateOrganic Chemistrynon-graphitizing carbonCO2 reactivityFuel TechnologyChemical engineeringchemistryhigh-temperature pyrolysisvisual_artvisual_art.visual_art_mediumPyrolysisCarboncharcoal
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Potential Application of Voltammetry of Microparticles for Dating Porcine Blood-based Binding Media used in Taiwanese Architectural Polychromies

2012

A method for dating Hemoglobine-containing archaeological samples using the voltammetry of microparticles is described. This is based on the record of the voltammetric response of such materials attached to paraffin-impregnated graphite electrodes in contact with aqueous acetate buffer. Signals attributable to the Fe(III)/Fe(II) iron couple and their catalytic enhancement in the presence of H(2)O(2) can be correlated, via first-order reaction kinetics, with the time of aging of the samples. The method has been applied to the study and dating of the polychromed architectural decoration of different parts of the architectural complex of the Longshan Temple in Lukang (18(th)  century, Taiwan).

Time FactorsAqueous solutionSwineChemistryOrganic ChemistryTaiwanAnalytical chemistryElectrochemical TechniquesHydrogen PeroxideGeneral ChemistryFerric CompoundsBiochemistryCatalysisGas Chromatography-Mass SpectrometryCatalysisHemoglobinsAnimalsGraphiteFerrous CompoundsElectrodesVoltammetryPorcine bloodGraphite electrodeNuclear chemistryChemistry - An Asian Journal
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