Search results for "Grating"

showing 10 items of 366 documents

Determination of an empirical law of aluminium and magnesium alloys absorption coefficient during Nd :YAG laser interaction

2007

International audience; Welding laser modelling requires knowledge about relative changes of many thermo-physical parameters involved in the interaction. The absorptivity of the material is one of the most important. In this study, experimental measurements of absorptivity with an integrating sphere on two alloys (aluminium and magnesium) were made. These results were compared with an analytical calculation that takes into account the trapping of the beam by multiple reflections inside the keyhole. Based on a statistical method, an empirical law is proposed connecting absorptivity with the peak power of the laser and the duration of interaction. During the interaction, two distinct phenomen…

010302 applied physicsAcoustics and UltrasonicsChemistry[ PHYS.COND.CM-MS ] Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Materials Science [cond-mat.mtrl-sci]chemistry.chemical_element02 engineering and technologyWeldingMolar absorptivity021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter PhysicsLaser01 natural sciencesSurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic Materialslaw.inventionIntegrating spherelawAluminiumAttenuation coefficientNd:YAG laser0103 physical sciences[PHYS.COND.CM-MS]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Materials Science [cond-mat.mtrl-sci]0210 nano-technologyBeam (structure)
researchProduct

Leaf-Level Spectral Fluorescence Measurements : Comparing Methodologies for Broadleaves and Needles

2019

Successful measurements of chlorophyll fluorescence (ChlF) spectral properties (typically in the wavelength range of 650–850 nm) across plant species, environmental conditions, and stress levels are a first step towards establishing a quantitative link between solar-induced chlorophyll fluorescence (SIF), which can only be measured at discrete ChlF spectral bands, and photosynthetic functionality. Despite its importance and significance, the various methodologies for the estimation of leaf-level ChlF spectral properties have not yet been compared, especially when applied to leaves with complex morphology, such as needles. Here we present, to the best of our knowledge, a first comparison of …

0106 biological sciencesCorrection methodMaterials science010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciencesSciencesun-induced fluorescenceAnalytical chemistryleaf morphology01 natural sciencesSpectral lineFluoWatlingonberryLEAVESChlorophyll fluorescence0105 earth and related environmental sciences4112 Forestryphotosynthesischlorophyll fluorescencesilver birchQSpectral propertiesSpectral bandsOPTICAL-PROPERTIESA FLUORESCENCECANOPY-LEVELFluorescencebaseline correctionRATIO F690/F730Integrating sphereLIGHTPHOTOSYSTEM-IPlant speciesScots pineINDUCED CHLOROPHYLL FLUORESCENCEMINIMIZING MEASUREMENT UNCERTAINTIESREVISED MEASUREMENT METHODOLOGYGeneral Earth and Planetary Sciencesbaseline correction; chlorophyll fluorescence; FluoWat; leaf morphology; lingonberry; photosynthesis; Scots pine; silver birch; sun-induced fluorescence010606 plant biology & botany
researchProduct

Darboux integrable system with a triple point and pseudo-abelian integrals

2016

We study pseudo-abelian integrals associated with polynomial perturbations of Dar-boux integrable system with a triple point. Under some assumptions we prove the local boundedness of the number of their zeros. Assuming that this is the only non-genericity, we prove that the number of zeros of the corresponding pseudo-abelian integrals is bounded uniformly for nearby Darboux integrable foliations.

0209 industrial biotechnologyPure mathematicsControl and OptimizationIntegrable systemTriple pointAbelian integrals[ MATH.MATH-DS ] Mathematics [math]/Dynamical Systems [math.DS]Darboux integrability[MATH.MATH-DS]Mathematics [math]/Dynamical Systems [math.DS][MATH.MATH-DS] Mathematics [math]/Dynamical Systems [math.DS]Dynamical Systems (math.DS)02 engineering and technologyType (model theory)01 natural sciencesIntegrating factor020901 industrial engineering & automationFOS: MathematicsLimit Cycle0101 mathematicsAbelian groupMathematics - Dynamical Systems34C07 34C08MathematicsNumerical AnalysisAlgebra and Number Theory010102 general mathematicsMathematical analysisLimit cyclesMathematics Subject ClassificationControl and Systems EngineeringBounded functionFoliation (geology)
researchProduct

Tunable-frequency three-dimensional structured illumination microscopy with reduced data-acquisition

2018

The performance of a tunable three-dimensional (3D) structured illumination microscope (SIM) system and its ability to provide simultaneously super-resolution (SR) and optical-sectioning (OS) capabilities are investigated. Numerical results show that the performance of our 3D-SIM system is comparable with the one provided by a three-wave interference SIM, while requiring 40% fewer images for the reconstruction and providing frequency tunability in a cost-effective implementation. The performance of the system has been validated experimentally with images from test samples, which were also imaged with a commercial SIM based on incoherent-grid projection for comparison. Restored images from d…

0301 basic medicineMicroscopeMaterials sciencebusiness.industryStructured illumination microscopyIterative reconstructionStructured illumination01 natural sciencesAtomic and Molecular Physics and Opticslaw.invention010309 optics03 medical and health sciences030104 developmental biologyOpticsData acquisitionInterference (communication)law0103 physical sciencesbusinessProjection (set theory)Diffraction gratingOptics Express
researchProduct

El futur de la psicologia

2008

Ni que siga per consolidar i excel·lir els avanços aconseguits 'també en l'àmbit de la nostra ciència, la Psicologia', convé mirar al futur, tal com l'autor de la present col·laboració postula. I això amb perspectiva integradora i comunitària, recuperant l'harmonització de les ciències i de la vida mateixa, en forma de trilogia dels factors 'investigació, mediació computacional i tribut a la societat'. Afegeix l'autor l'exigència de gradients o nivells operatius d'intervenció i la contextualització europea i planetària en un món globalitzat que no té marxa enrere. S'aposta pel «capital humà» per assolir l'autèntic progrés i es defi neixen els trets bàsics del professional de la Psicologia, …

:PSICOLOGÍA [UNESCO]UNESCO::PSICOLOGÍAExcel·lir avanços perspectiva integradora i comunitària harmonització trilogia de factors nivells operatius contextualització europea «capital humà» trets bàsics del professional de la Psicologia codi de conducta reptes i respostes perspectiva integradora i esperançada. Exalting advances integrating and community perspective harmonization trilogy of factors operative levels European contextualization «Human Resources» basic features of the professional of the Psychology code of behavior challenges and answers integrating and hopeful perspective. Artículo
researchProduct

Casimir-Lifshitz force out of thermal equilibrium between dielectric gratings

2014

We calculate the Casimir-Lifshitz pressure in a system consisting of two different 1D dielectric lamellar gratings having two different temperatures and immersed in an environment having a third temperature. The calculation of the pressure is based on the knowledge of the scattering operators, deduced using the Fourier Modal Method. The behavior of the pressure is characterized in detail as a function of the three temperatures of the system as well as the geometrical parameters of the two gratings. We show that the interplay between non-equilibrium effects and geometrical periodicity offers a rich scenario for the manipulation of the force. In particular, we find regimes where the force can…

ACS number(s): 12.20.−m42.79.Dj42.50.Ct42.50.Lc[PHYS.MPHY]Physics [physics]/Mathematical Physics [math-ph]Degrees of freedom (physics and chemistry)Non-equilibrium thermodynamicsFOS: Physical sciencesDielectricCasimir Force Out of Thermal equilibrium systems GratingsSettore FIS/03 - Fisica Della Materiasymbols.namesake[PHYS.QPHY]Physics [physics]/Quantum Physics [quant-ph]Lamellar structure[PHYS.COND.CM-SM]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Statistical Mechanics [cond-mat.stat-mech]PhysicsThermal equilibriumQuantum PhysicsCondensed matter physicsScatteringAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsCasimir effectFourier transformClassical mechanicssymbolsQuantum Physics (quant-ph)Physics - OpticsOptics (physics.optics)
researchProduct

Cannabinoid type 1 receptor modulates intestinal propulsion by an attenuation of intestinal motor responses within the myenteric part of the peristal…

2007

Cannabinoid-1 (CB1) receptor activation affects gastrointestinal propulsion in vivo. It was our aim to further characterize the involved myenteric mechanisms in vivo and in vitro. In CB1(-/-) mice and wild-type littermates we performed in vivo transit experiments by charcoal feeding and in vitro electrophysiological recordings in mouse small intestinal smooth muscle. Ascending neuronal contraction (ANC) following electrical field stimulation was studied in rat ileum in a partitioned organ bath separating the aboral stimulation site from the oral recording site. The knockout animals displayed an accelerated upper gastrointestinal transit compared to control animals. The CB1 receptor antagoni…

AM251Malemedicine.medical_specialtyCannabinoid receptorPhysiologyPolyunsaturated Alkamidesmedicine.medical_treatmentNeuromuscular JunctionMotilityStimulationArachidonic AcidsBiologyNeuromuscular junctionMembrane PotentialsMiceOrgan Culture TechniquesPiperidinesReceptor Cannabinoid CB1Internal medicineCannabinoid Receptor ModulatorsReflexmedicineAnimalsRNA MessengerIntestinal MucosaRats WistarReceptorMice KnockoutMyoelectric Complex MigratingEndocrine and Autonomic SystemsReverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain ReactionGastroenterologyMuscle SmoothEndocannabinoid systemElectric StimulationRatsIntestinesEndocrinologymedicine.anatomical_structurePyrazolesPeristalsisCannabinoidmedicine.drugEndocannabinoidsNeurogastroenterology and motility : the official journal of the European Gastrointestinal Motility Society
researchProduct

Steam sterilization processes affect the stability of clinical thermometers: Thermistor and prototypal FBG probe comparison

2020

Abstract Temperature is one of the most frequently measured physical quantities in clinical environment and a good biomarker of illness. The need for reusable probes, which have to be sterilized to prevent infections, requires the metrological qualification of thermometer probes in response to ageing effects induced by several sterilization processes. In this study, we investigated the effect of repeated sterilizations on both a commonly-used autoclavable thermistor probe and a prototypal Fiber Bragg Gratings (FBG) probe for temperature measurements. Findings highlighted a greater reliability of the proposed FBG probe than the commercial thermistor. Specifically, the FBG probe was able to w…

Accuracy and precisionMaterials science02 engineering and technology01 natural sciencesTemperature measurement010309 optics020210 optoelectronics & photonicsFiber Bragg gratingThermistor0103 physical sciences0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringBiomedical sensorsElectrical and Electronic EngineeringInstrumentationbusiness.industryThermistorSterilizationAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsSteam sterilizationElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsFiber Bragg Grating (FBG)Control and Systems EngineeringThermometerBiomedical sensorOptoelectronicsClinical thermometerbusinessOptical Fiber Technology
researchProduct

Indefinite integrals of special functions from integrating factors

2019

Some general integrals are presented which were obtained from two integrating factors f(x) and fˆ(x) for the first two and last two terms, respectively, of the second-order linear ordinary differen...

AlgebraDifferential equationSpecial functionsApplied Mathematics010102 general mathematicsGauss hypergeometric function010103 numerical & computational mathematics0101 mathematics01 natural sciencesAnalysisMathematicsIntegrating factorIntegral Transforms and Special Functions
researchProduct

A Refractive Index Sensor Based on the Resonant Coupling to Cladding Modes in a Fiber Loop

2013

We report an easy-to-build, compact, and low-cost optical fiber refractive index sensor. It consists of a single fiber loop whose transmission spectra exhibit a series of notches produced by the resonant coupling between the fundamental mode and the cladding modes in a uniformly bent fiber. The wavelength of the notches, distributed in a wavelength span from 1,400 to 1,700 nm, can be tuned by adjusting the diameter of the fiber loop and are sensitive to refractive index changes of the external medium. Sensitivities of 170 and 800 nm per refractive index unit for water solutions and for the refractive index interval 1.40-1.442, respectively, are demonstrated. We estimate a long range resolut…

All-silica fiberMaterials scienceTransducersPhysics::Opticslcsh:Chemical technologyBiochemistryGraded-index fiberRessonància magnètica nuclearArticleAnalytical ChemistryDouble-clad fiberOpticsFiber Optic Technologylcsh:TP1-1185Electrical and Electronic EngineeringInstrumentationbusiness.industryoptical fiber devicesrefractive index sensormode couplingEquipment DesignLong-period fiber gratingCladding (fiber optics)Atomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsÒptica Aparells i instrumentsEquipment Failure AnalysisSolutionsRefractometryNormalized frequency (fiber optics)businessStep-index profilePhotonic-crystal fiberSensors (Basel, Switzerland)
researchProduct