Search results for "Grit"
showing 10 items of 192 documents
The effects of cryogenic cooling on surface integrity in hard machining: A comparison with dry machining
2012
Abstract This paper presents results of an experimental study of cryogenic machining of hardened AISI 52100 steel, focusing on surface integrity. Experiments were performed under dry and cryogenic cooling conditions using CBN tools varying cutting speeds, workpiece hardness and tool geometry. Surface integrity parameters (surface roughness, white layer thickness, residual stresses, metallurgical conditions including grain size, phase transformation, etc.) were investigated to establish the effects of cryogenic cooling on the surface integrity of the machined component, and results were compared with those from dry hard machining. Overall, cryogenic cooling provides improved surface integrit…
Surface Integrity
2008
This chapter provides comprehensive knowledge regarding the state and properties of both surface and subsurface layers generated during machining processes, including different associated mechanical and thermal influences. Basic models of the superficial layer and factors effecting surface integrity are presented. Decomposition of surface topography into roughness, waviness and form along with appropriate filtering methods is outlined. The characterization of surface roughness based on 2D and 3D roughness parameters as well as motif, fractal and frequency characteristics are presented. In particular, all standardized areal surface parameters are specified, and practical examples are provide…
2D magnetic MOFs with micron-lateral size by liquid exfoliation
2020
The isolation in large amounts of high-quality flakes of 2D MOFs remains a challenge. In this work, we develop a liquid exfoliation procedure to obtain nanosheets for a whole family of Fe-based magnetic MOFs, MUV-1-X. High-quality crystalline layers with lateral sizes of 8 µm and thicknesses of 4 nm, which keep the structural integrity and magnetic properties, are obtained.
Current-Driven Organic Electrochemical Transistors for Monitoring Cell Layer Integrity with Enhanced Sensitivity
2021
In this progress report an overview is given on the use of the organic electrochemical transistor (OECT) as a biosensor for impedance sensing of cell layers. The transient OECT current can be used to detect changes in the impedance of the cell layer, as shown by Jimison et al. To circumvent the application of a high gate bias and preventing electrolysis of the electrolyte, in case of small impedance variations, an alternative measuring technique based on an OECT in a current-driven configuration is developed. The ion-sensitivity is larger than 1200 mV V-1 dec-1 at low operating voltage. It can be even further enhanced using an OECT based complementary amplifier, which consists of a p-type a…
CMOS plasmonics in WDM data transmission: 200 Gb/s (8 × 25Gb/s) transmission over aluminum plasmonic waveguides
2018
We demonstrate wavelength-division-multiplexed (WDM) 200 Gb/s (8 × 25 Gb/s) data transmission over 100 μm long aluminum (Al) surface-plasmon-polariton (SPP) waveguides on a Si3N4 waveguide platform at telecom wavelengths. The Al SPP waveguide was evaluated in terms of signal integrity by performing bit-error-rate (BER) measurements that revealed error-free operation for all eight 25 Gb/s non-return-to-zero (NRZ) modulated data channels with power penalties not exceeding 0.2 dB at 10−9. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first demonstration of WDM enabled data transmission over complementary-metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) SPP waveguides fueling future development of CMOS compatible …
23.1: Invited Paper: Models and Experiments of Mechanical Integrity for Flexible Displays
2008
Flexible displays present a challenging problem in terms of mechanical integrity, a result of the considerable hygro-thermo-mechanical contrast between the inorganic, brittle device layers and the compliant polymer substrates. This paper reviews the main approaches to study and identify the key factors, which control the mechanical stability of this class of displays. Focus is put on the analyses of residual stress and damage under tensile loading. Novel electro-mechanical methods are used for accurate insight into critical phenomena. An important result is that the thickness and stiffness of the substrate control the critical strain for failure of the device layers.
Evaluation of the apical sealing ability and adaptation to the dentin of two resin-based Sealers: An in vitro study
2013
Aim: To quantitatively evaluate the apical sealing ability and adaptation of two resin-based sealers to dentin. Materials and Methods: Fifty freshly extracted mandibular first premolars were taken and sectioned at the cemento-enamel junction. Thirty teeth were subjected to a leakage study by the resin infiltration method with two groups of 10 teeth each. Group I teeth were obturated with methacrylate resin-based sealer (EnoRez) and Group II teeth were obturated with epoxy resin-based sealer (AH Plus). The remaining 10 teeth were used as controls (positive and negative of five teeth each). Twenty teeth were divided into two groups and obturated as in the leakage study and subjected to a scan…
Monitoring Human Viral Pathogens Reveals Potential Hazard for Treated Wastewater Discharge or Reuse
2022
Wastewater discharge to the environment or its reuse after sanitization poses a concern for public health given the risk of transmission of human viral diseases. However, estimating the viral infectivity along the wastewater cycle presents technical challenges and still remains underexplored. Recently, human-associated crAssphage has been investigated to serve as viral pathogen indicator to monitor fecal impacted water bodies, even though its assessment as biomarker for infectious enteric viruses has not been explored yet. To this end, the occurrence of potentially infectious norovirus genogroup I (GI), norovirus GII, hepatitis A virus (HAV), rotavirus A (RV), and human astrovirus (HAstV) a…
Everything matters: Molar microwear texture in goats (Capra aegagrus hircus) fed diets of different abrasiveness
2020
There is an ongoing discourse about whether or not external abrasives influence the microscopic wear in herbivore teeth, including a statement that “dust does not matter”. We submitted the maxillary and mandibular second molar of 28 goats (Capra aegagrus hircus) to dental microwear texture analysis (DMTA). The study animals were divided into four groups, which received diets of increasing phytolith-based abrasiveness (L: lucerne based pellets, very low phytolith abrasion diet, acting as control; G: grass-based pellets, medium abrasive phytolith diet; GR: grass and rice husk pellets, high abrasion phytolith diet), or a diet with added external abrasives (GRS: the GR diet with add…
Do Individual Differences in Cognition and Personality Predict Retrieval Practice Activities on MOOCs?
2020
Online quizzes building upon the principles of retrieval practice can have beneficial effects on learning, especially long-term retention. However, it is unexplored how interindividual differences in relevant background characteristics relate to retrieval practice activities in e-learning. Thus, this study sought to probe for this research question on a massive open online course (MOOC) platform where students have the optional possibility to quiz themselves on the to-be-learned materials. Altogether 105 students were assessed with a cognitive task tapping on reasoning, and two self-assessed personality measures capturing need for cognition (NFC), and grittiness (GRIT-S). Between-group anal…